Mucormicosis y post-COVID-19: sintomatología, diagnóstico y prevención a nivel mundial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62305/biosana.v5i2.462Palabras clave:
enfermedad fúngica; diagnostico fúngico; mucormicosis: medidas preventivas; post-COVID-19Resumen
La mucormicosis, designado generalmente "hongo negro", oportunista ocasionado por hongos pertenecientes de naturaleza Mucorales. Sobresalta a sujetos con sistemas inmunológicos complicados y ha patentado un acrecentamiento tras la pandemia de COVID-19. El objetivo de esta indagación fue analizar la mucormicosis y post-COVID-19: Sintomatología, diagnóstico y prevención a nivel mundial. La metodología utilizada fue de diseño documental y tipo descriptivo, incluyendo las variables de estudio con booleanos And y On de los últimos 5 años, en inglés y español. Las sintomatologías reportadas fueron lesiones necróticas (24,5-35,0%), pérdida de visión (10,0-24,4%), dolor de cabeza (65,5%-74,5%), fiebre (54,5-75,6%), disnea (35,5%), y cefalea (68,9%-75,5%). En el diagnóstico, se resaltó la biopsia y el cultivo como herramientas esenciales para confirmar la presencia de la infección fúngica. El uso de mascarillas y la adopción de prácticas de higiene personal y ambiental fueron las medidas preventivas frecuentes. Como conclusión la mucormicosis en personas que han tenido COVID-19 se caracteriza por la presencia de síntomas como lesiones necróticas, pérdida de visión, dolor de cabeza, fiebre y disnea. La confirmación de la existencia de mucormicosis en aquellos con antecedentes de post-COVID-19 se logra mediante pruebas esenciales como la biopsia y el cultivo.
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