Malaria: demografía, prevalencia y factores de riesgo en niños a nivel mundial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62305/biosana.v4i4.237Palabras clave:
Malaria; Niños; Demografía de malaria; Prevalencia; Factores de riesgoResumen
La malaria es una infección que se da por el parásito Plasmodium, siendo más común la infección por P. falciparum y P. vivax. Esta patología es un problema de salud pública muy importante en África occidental, destacadas por sus altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad, además de ser más comunes en niños. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar demografía, prevalencia y factores de riesgo de malaria en niños a nivel mundial. La metodología que se empleó en la investigación fue un diseño documental, de tipo descriptivo, además de la utilización de términos MeSH y booleanos. Como resultados, se destaca que la malaria se presenta más en varones, por otro lado, respecto a las zonas de residencia, se encuentran más en las zonas rurales y en niños menores de 5 años. Con respecto a la prevalencia, alrededor del 65% presenta la infección, siendo más común por P. falciparum, siendo sus factores de riesgo el no usar mosquiteros, tener agua estancada cerca y dormir al aire libre. Se concluyó que, el tener estanques de agua cerca del hogar, dormir al aire libre, así como vivir en zonas rurales, ser varones y tener menos de 5 años, son más susceptibles a malaria.
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