2026-09-20T11:31:42Z https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/oai

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1 2024-01-14T22:01:18Z hexaciencias:ART

Eating and sexuality in adulthood Alimentación y sexualidad en la adultez Muñoz-Bowen, Angela Elinora Alimentación, Sexualidad, Adultez Food, Sexuality, Adulthood In this document, the interconnection between food and sexuality in the stage of adulthood is analyzed. Age-related changes in the body and metabolism can affect a person's sexual desires and responses. Several studies investigating the impact of nutrition and eating behaviors on sexual function and desire in adults are reviewed. The importance of maintaining vascular and hormonal health, which are essential components of the sexual response, is emphasized. It is cautioned that further study is required to fully understand these connections and that some cases lack conclusive evidence. It also discusses how the psychological effects of food on self-perception and body confidence can affect the way a person perceives their own sexuality. Ultimately, the article emphasizes the importance of considering diet as a crucial element of sexual health in adulthood, encouraging a holistic approach that combines a balanced diet with open communication about intimacy and sexual well-being in women. Couple relationships. Keywords: Food, Sexuality, Adulthood.  En este documento, se analiza la interconexión entre alimentación y sexualidad en la etapa de la adultez. Los cambios en el cuerpo y el metabolismo relacionados con la edad pueden afectar los deseos y las respuestas sexuales de una persona. Se revisan varios estudios que investigan el impacto de la nutrición y las conductas alimentarias en la función y el deseo sexual de los adultos. Se enfatiza la importancia de mantener la salud vascular y hormonal, que son componentes esenciales de la respuesta sexual. Se advierte que se requiere más estudio para comprender completamente estas conexiones y que algunos casos carecen de evidencia concluyente. También se discute cómo los efectos psicológicos de los alimentos en la autopercepción y la confianza corporal pueden afectar la forma en que esa persona percibe su propia sexualidad. En última instancia, el artículo enfatiza la importancia de tener en cuenta la dieta como un elemento crucial de la salud sexual en la edad adulta, fomentando un enfoque holístico que combina una dieta equilibrada con una comunicación abierta sobre la intimidad y el bienestar sexual en las relaciones de pareja. Palabras claves: Alimentación, Sexualidad, Adultez. ABSTRACT In this document, the interconnection between food and sexuality in the stage of adulthood is analyzed. Age-related changes in the body and metabolism can affect a person's sexual desires and responses. Several studies investigating the impact of nutrition and eating behaviors on sexual function and desire in adults are reviewed. The importance of maintaining vascular and hormonal health, which are essential components of the sexual response, is emphasized. It is cautioned that further study is required to fully understand these connections and that some cases lack conclusive evidence. It also discusses how the psychological effects of food on self-perception and body confidence can affect the way a person perceives their own sexuality. Ultimately, the article emphasizes the importance of considering diet as a crucial element of sexual health in adulthood, encouraging a holistic approach that combines a balanced diet with open communication about intimacy and sexual well-being in women. Couple relationships. Keywords: Food, Sexuality, Adulthood.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 07 de octubre de 2020.Fecha de aceptación: 17 de diciembre de 2020.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2021. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2021-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-6 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-6 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1/2 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1/3 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/2 2024-01-14T22:05:45Z hexaciencias:ART

Arte y educación creativa Arte y educación creativa Muñoz-Menéndez, María Belén Arte, Educación creativa, Habilidades creativas Art, Creative education, Creative skills There is a strong consensus in the educational community that students' creative abilities should be valued, including elements such as imagination, originality, fluency, and problem-solving ability. Numerous perspectives are covered in the literature on this subject, particularly with regard to how art contributes to the growth of creativity. This review highlights the growing need to use highly efficient methods and techniques in the area of creative activities. Its goal is to foster the development of strong creative skills in future generations through the intersection of art and creative education, which encourages the integration of interdisciplinary teaching strategies to foster students' originality and problem-solving skills. . The importance of taking into account exogenous factors that may have an impact on the creative growth of students is emphasized, emphasizing the need for art education to adopt a more holistic approach. Keywords: Art, Creative education, Creative skills.  Existe un fuerte consenso en la comunidad educativa de que se deben valorar las habilidades creativas de los estudiantes, incluidos elementos como la imaginación, la originalidad, la fluidez y la capacidad de resolución de problemas. Numerosas perspectivas se cubren en la literatura sobre este tema, particularmente con respecto a cómo el arte contribuye al crecimiento de la creatividad. Esta revisión destaca la creciente necesidad de utilizar métodos y técnicas altamente eficientes en el área de las actividades creativas. Su objetivo es fomentar el desarrollo de habilidades creativas sólidas en las generaciones futuras a través de la intersección del arte y la educación creativa, lo que fomenta la integración de estrategias de enseñanza interdisciplinarias para fomentar la originalidad y las habilidades de resolución de problemas de los estudiantes. Se enfatiza la importancia de tener en cuenta factores exógenos que puedan tener un impacto en el crecimiento creativo de los estudiantes, enfatizando la necesidad de que la educación artística adopte un enfoque más holístico. Palabras claves: Arte, Educación creativa, Habilidades creativas. ABSTRACT There is a strong consensus in the educational community that students' creative abilities should be valued, including elements such as imagination, originality, fluency, and problem-solving ability. Numerous perspectives are covered in the literature on this subject, particularly with regard to how art contributes to the growth of creativity. This review highlights the growing need to use highly efficient methods and techniques in the area of creative activities. Its goal is to foster the development of strong creative skills in future generations through the intersection of art and creative education, which encourages the integration of interdisciplinary teaching strategies to foster students' originality and problem-solving skills. . The importance of taking into account exogenous factors that may have an impact on the creative growth of students is emphasized, emphasizing the need for art education to adopt a more holistic approach. Keywords: Art, Creative education, Creative skills.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 07 de octubre de 2020.Fecha de aceptación: 17 de diciembre de 2020.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2021. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2021-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/2 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 7-11 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 7-11 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/2/4 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/2/5 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/3 2024-01-14T22:10:05Z hexaciencias:ART

Blue and Green Economy in Ecuador Economía azul y verde en el Ecuador Zambrano-Roldán, Karen Estefanía Economía, Economía azul, Economía verde, sostenibilidad Economy, Blue Economy, Green Economy, sustainability Este documento explora las perspectivas de la economía verde y la economía azul como enfoques complementarios para promover un crecimiento más equitativo y sostenible en respuesta a la disparidad en el desarrollo económico global. La economía verde es un sistema de actividades económicas que están indisolublemente ligadas a la sostenibilidad y el avance económico en un entorno donde el crecimiento económico ha sido desigual. Su objetivo es crear un equilibrio crucial entre el éxito económico y la preservación del medio ambiente mediante la promoción de prácticas que respeten los límites de los recursos naturales y disminuyan los efectos negativos. Además, se promueve la economía azul como un motor potencial para el desarrollo inclusivo y sostenible, particularmente en las regiones costeras y marinas. La economía azul busca lograr un equilibrio entre la prosperidad humana y la preservación del ecosistema marino brindando oportunidades para el crecimiento económico y fomentando la protección y restauración de la biodiversidad marina. Palabras claves: Economía, Economía azul, Economía verde, sostenibilidad.   ABSTRACT This paper explores the perspectives of the green economy and the blue economy as complementary approaches to promote more equitable and sustainable growth in response to the disparity in global economic development. The green economy is a system of economic activities that are inextricably linked to sustainability and economic advancement in an environment where economic growth has been uneven. Its goal is to create a crucial balance between economic success and environmental preservation by promoting practices that respect the limits of natural resources and lessen negative effects. In addition, the blue economy is promoted as a potential driver for inclusive and sustainable development, particularly in coastal and marine regions. The blue economy seeks to strike a balance between human prosperity and the preservation of the marine ecosystem by providing opportunities for economic growth and fostering the protection and restoration of marine biodiversity. Keywords: Economy, Blue Economy, Green Economy, sustainability.  Este documento explora las perspectivas de la economía verde y la economía azul como enfoques complementarios para promover un crecimiento más equitativo y sostenible en respuesta a la disparidad en el desarrollo económico global. La economía verde es un sistema de actividades económicas que están indisolublemente ligadas a la sostenibilidad y el avance económico en un entorno donde el crecimiento económico ha sido desigual. Su objetivo es crear un equilibrio crucial entre el éxito económico y la preservación del medio ambiente mediante la promoción de prácticas que respeten los límites de los recursos naturales y disminuyan los efectos negativos. Además, se promueve la economía azul como un motor potencial para el desarrollo inclusivo y sostenible, particularmente en las regiones costeras y marinas. La economía azul busca lograr un equilibrio entre la prosperidad humana y la preservación del ecosistema marino brindando oportunidades para el crecimiento económico y fomentando la protección y restauración de la biodiversidad marina. Palabras claves: Economía, Economía azul, Economía verde, sostenibilidad. ABSTRACT This paper explores the perspectives of the green economy and the blue economy as complementary approaches to promote more equitable and sustainable growth in response to the disparity in global economic development. The green economy is a system of economic activities that are inextricably linked to sustainability and economic advancement in an environment where economic growth has been uneven. Its goal is to create a crucial balance between economic success and environmental preservation by promoting practices that respect the limits of natural resources and lessen negative effects. In addition, the blue economy is promoted as a potential driver for inclusive and sustainable development, particularly in coastal and marine regions. The blue economy seeks to strike a balance between human prosperity and the preservation of the marine ecosystem by providing opportunities for economic growth and fostering the protection and restoration of marine biodiversity. Keywords: Economy, Blue Economy, Green Economy, sustainability.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de abril de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 09 de junio de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2021. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2021-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/3 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-6 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-6 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/3/6 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/3/7 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/4 2024-01-14T22:24:04Z hexaciencias:ART

Artificial intelligence and unemployment Inteligencia artificial y desempleo Vélez-Vélez, Luis Gabriel Inteligencia artificial, Desempleo, Automatización Artificial intelligence, Unemployment, Automation This review article examines the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) on the labor market and the problem of unemployment. The increasing use of AI in a variety of industries has changed the demand for skills and enabled the automation of repetitive tasks, according to a number of perspectives and studies examined in this article. It is debated whether structural unemployment, where human skills are replaced by technology, will increase significantly as a result of AI. It is argued that human-machine collaboration may be a more beneficial strategy than substitution as AI develops, underscoring the need for adaptive education and training to prepare workers for changes in the labor market. The article concludes by highlighting the importance of a balanced approach that takes into account both the advantages and the challenges that AI poses for employment, as well as the need for policies and strategies that allow societies to benefit from technology without falling behind those who could be affected. for job transformation. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Unemployment, Automation.  En este artículo de revisión se examina el efecto de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en el mercado laboral y el problema del desempleo. El uso cada vez mayor de la IA en una variedad de industrias ha cambiado la demanda de habilidades y ha permitido la automatización de tareas repetitivas, según una serie de perspectivas y estudios que se examinan en este artículo. Se debate si el desempleo estructural, donde las habilidades humanas son reemplazadas por tecnología, aumentará significativamente como resultado de la IA. Se argumenta que la colaboración hombre-máquina puede ser una estrategia más beneficiosa que la sustitución a medida que se desarrolla la IA, lo que subraya la necesidad de una educación y capacitación adaptables para preparar a los trabajadores para los cambios en el mercado laboral. El artículo concluye destacando la importancia de un enfoque equilibrado que tenga en cuenta tanto las ventajas como los desafíos que plantea la IA para el empleo, así como la necesidad de políticas y estrategias que permitan a las sociedades beneficiarse de la tecnología sin quedarse atrás de quienes podrían verse afectados. por la transformación laboral. Palabras claves: Inteligencia artificial, Desempleo, Automatización. ABSTRACT This review article examines the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) on the labor market and the problem of unemployment. The increasing use of AI in a variety of industries has changed the demand for skills and enabled the automation of repetitive tasks, according to a number of perspectives and studies examined in this article. It is debated whether structural unemployment, where human skills are replaced by technology, will increase significantly as a result of AI. It is argued that human-machine collaboration may be a more beneficial strategy than substitution as AI develops, underscoring the need for adaptive education and training to prepare workers for changes in the labor market. The article concludes by highlighting the importance of a balanced approach that takes into account both the advantages and the challenges that AI poses for employment, as well as the need for policies and strategies that allow societies to benefit from technology without falling behind those who could be affected. for job transformation. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Unemployment, Automation.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de abril de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de junio de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2021. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2021-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/4 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 7-10 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 7-10 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/4/8 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/4/9 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/5 2024-01-14T22:29:10Z hexaciencias:ART

Psychology of love and affectivity Psicología del amor y afectividad Cevallos-Mendoza, Jean Carlos Psicología del amor, Afectividad, Cultura Psychology of love, Affectivity, Culture This paper explores key insights and findings in the psychology of love and affection through analysis of a wide range of research, examining the roles that cognitive, emotional, and behavioral factors play in the experience and expression of love and affection in women. relationships. Theories and models that strive to understand the nature and evolution of love are discussed, along with individual variations in how love is perceived and expressed, as well as how these aspects may interact and evolve over time in various contexts. The effects of culture and gender on how love is expressed, as well as the difficulties and disagreements that can occur in relationships, are taken into account by looking at how previous literature has explored the mechanisms underlying the loving and affective experience. The article highlights the complexity and diversity of the psychology of love and affection, as well as how these fundamental elements of the human experience can affect mental health, well-being, and the caliber of relationships through a synthesis of the scientific literature. Keywords: Psychology of love, Affectivity, Culture.  Este documento explora ideas y hallazgos clave en la psicología del amor y el afecto a través del análisis de una amplia gama de investigaciones, examinando los roles que juegan los factores cognitivos, emocionales y conductuales en la experiencia y expresión del amor y el afecto en las relaciones interpersonales. Se discuten teorías y modelos que hacen un esfuerzo por comprender la naturaleza y evolución del amor, junto con variaciones individuales en cómo se percibe y expresa el amor, así como también cómo estos aspectos pueden interactuar y evolucionar con el tiempo en diversos contextos. Se toman en cuenta los efectos de la cultura y el género sobre cómo se expresa el amor, así como las dificultades y desacuerdos que pueden ocurrir en las relaciones al observar cómo la literatura previa ha explorado los mecanismos subyacentes a la experiencia amorosa y afectiva. El artículo destaca la complejidad y diversidad de la psicología del amor y el afecto, así como cómo estos elementos fundamentales de la experiencia humana pueden afectar la salud mental, el bienestar y el calibre de las relaciones a través de una síntesis de la literatura científica. Palabras claves: Psicología del amor, Afectividad, Cultura. ABSTRACT This paper explores key insights and findings in the psychology of love and affection through analysis of a wide range of research, examining the roles that cognitive, emotional, and behavioral factors play in the experience and expression of love and affection in women. relationships. Theories and models that strive to understand the nature and evolution of love are discussed, along with individual variations in how love is perceived and expressed, as well as how these aspects may interact and evolve over time in various contexts. The effects of culture and gender on how love is expressed, as well as the difficulties and disagreements that can occur in relationships, are taken into account by looking at how previous literature has explored the mechanisms underlying the loving and affective experience. The article highlights the complexity and diversity of the psychology of love and affection, as well as how these fundamental elements of the human experience can affect mental health, well-being, and the caliber of relationships through a synthesis of the scientific literature. Keywords: Psychology of love, Affectivity, Culture.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 17 de junio de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2021. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2021-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/5 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 11-14 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2021): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 11-14 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/5/10 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/5/11 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/6 2024-01-14T22:31:51Z hexaciencias:ART

Hybrid classroom and human development Aula híbrida y desarrollo humano Bowen-Bowen, Elinora Santana-Pilay, Byron Aula Híbrida, Gamificación, Desarrollo humano Hybrid Classroom, Gamification, Human development Due to the significant value of the hybrid classroom model for human development, it has acquired increasing relevance in the education sector. This method offers a rich and versatile learning experience that is tailored to the unique needs of students by combining the best aspects of in-person and online learning. In the hybrid classroom, face-to-face interaction with peers and teachers promotes the growth of vital social and emotional skills such as effective communication, empathy, and collaboration. In addition, the inclusion of technology broadens and equitably distributes access to educational resources, fostering intellectual growth and modern technological skills. The flexibility of the hybrid classroom encourages students to take charge of their own education and develops their capacity for self-control and self-discipline. As a result, the hybrid classroom becomes an environment that supports academic and personal growth, preparing students to meet the challenges of a globalized and digital society and providing them with the tools they need to succeed in an ever-changing world. Keywords: Hybrid Classroom, Gamification, Human development.  Debido al valor significativo del modelo de aula híbrida para el desarrollo humano, ha adquirido una relevancia creciente en el sector educativo. Este método ofrece una experiencia de aprendizaje rica y versátil que se ajusta a las necesidades únicas de los estudiantes al combinar los mejores aspectos del aprendizaje en persona y en línea. En el aula híbrida, la interacción cara a cara con compañeros y maestros promueve el crecimiento de habilidades sociales y emocionales vitales como la comunicación efectiva, la empatía y la colaboración. Además, la inclusión de la tecnología amplía y distribuye equitativamente el acceso a los recursos educativos, fomentando el crecimiento intelectual y las competencias tecnológicas modernas. La flexibilidad del aula híbrida anima a los estudiantes a hacerse cargo de su propia educación y desarrolla su capacidad de autocontrol y autodisciplina. Como resultado, el aula híbrida se convierte en un entorno que respalda el crecimiento académico y personal, preparando a los estudiantes para enfrentar los desafíos de una sociedad globalizada y digital y brindándoles las herramientas que necesitan para tener éxito en un mundo en constante cambio. Palabras claves: Aula Híbrida, Gamificación, Desarrollo humano. ABSTRACT Due to the significant value of the hybrid classroom model for human development, it has acquired increasing relevance in the education sector. This method offers a rich and versatile learning experience that is tailored to the unique needs of students by combining the best aspects of in-person and online learning. In the hybrid classroom, face-to-face interaction with peers and teachers promotes the growth of vital social and emotional skills such as effective communication, empathy, and collaboration. In addition, the inclusion of technology broadens and equitably distributes access to educational resources, fostering intellectual growth and modern technological skills. The flexibility of the hybrid classroom encourages students to take charge of their own education and develops their capacity for self-control and self-discipline. As a result, the hybrid classroom becomes an environment that supports academic and personal growth, preparing students to meet the challenges of a globalized and digital society and providing them with the tools they need to succeed in an ever-changing world. Keywords: Hybrid Classroom, Gamification, Human development.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 01 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de diciembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2022. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2022-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/6 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-6 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 Núm. 3 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-6 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/6/12 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/6/13 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/7 2024-01-14T22:33:28Z hexaciencias:ART

Covid-19 and adverse effects in children Covid-19 y efectos adversos en infantes Zambrano-Chavarría, Jean Carlos Zambrano-Chavarría, Jean Pierre Covid-19, Salud, Infantes Covid-19, Health, Infants Although from a medical point of view, children are not a high-risk group for COVID-19, the effects of the pandemic on them are significant, especially for those who were already in a situation of vulnerability before the crisis. The most vulnerable groups of the child population have been disproportionately impacted by the social and economic inequalities that have been exposed and exacerbated by the health emergency. Their physical, mental and emotional development has been affected by the lack of access to basic resources, the interruption of face-to-face instruction and the restriction of social interactions. The pandemic has exacerbated the problems and obstacles that these boys and girls already faced, accentuating the demand for more effective support and protection measures. In order to implement inclusive strategies and policies that reduce negative effects and promote their overall well-being, identifying and addressing their unique needs becomes a top priority. Therefore, guaranteeing access to essential services, offering emotional and educational support, and promoting equity in access to opportunities become crucial actions to safeguard this vulnerable population and ensure a more equitable and resilient future for all affected children. Keywords: Covid-19, Health, Infants.  Aunque desde el punto de vista médico los niños no son un grupo de alto riesgo frente al COVID-19, los efectos de la pandemia sobre ellos son significativos, especialmente para aquellos que ya se encontraban en una situación de vulnerabilidad antes de la crisis. Los grupos más vulnerables de la población infantil se han visto impactados de manera desproporcionada por las desigualdades sociales y económicas que han sido expuestas y agudizadas por la emergencia sanitaria. Su desarrollo físico, mental y emocional se ha visto afectado por la falta de acceso a los recursos básicos, la interrupción de la instrucción presencial y la restricción de las interacciones sociales. La pandemia ha agudizado los problemas y obstáculos con los que ya se enfrentaban estos niños y niñas, acentuando la demanda de medidas de apoyo y protección más eficaces. Con el objetivo de implementar estrategias y políticas inclusivas que reduzcan los efectos negativos y promuevan su bienestar general, identificar y atender sus necesidades únicas se convierte en una prioridad principal. Por lo tanto, garantizar el acceso a los servicios esenciales, ofrecer apoyo emocional y educativo y promover la equidad en el acceso a las oportunidades se convierten en acciones cruciales para salvaguardar a esta población vulnerable y asegurar un futuro más equitativo y resiliente para todos los niños afectados. Palabras claves: Covid-19, Salud, Infantes. ABSTRACT Although from a medical point of view, children are not a high-risk group for COVID-19, the effects of the pandemic on them are significant, especially for those who were already in a situation of vulnerability before the crisis. The most vulnerable groups of the child population have been disproportionately impacted by the social and economic inequalities that have been exposed and exacerbated by the health emergency. Their physical, mental and emotional development has been affected by the lack of access to basic resources, the interruption of face-to-face instruction and the restriction of social interactions. The pandemic has exacerbated the problems and obstacles that these boys and girls already faced, accentuating the demand for more effective support and protection measures. In order to implement inclusive strategies and policies that reduce negative effects and promote their overall well-being, identifying and addressing their unique needs becomes a top priority. Therefore, guaranteeing access to essential services, offering emotional and educational support, and promoting equity in access to opportunities become crucial actions to safeguard this vulnerable population and ensure a more equitable and resilient future for all affected children. Keywords: Covid-19, Health, Infants.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 01 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de diciembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2022. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2022-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/7 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 7-11 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 Núm. 3 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 7-11 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/7/14 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/7/15 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/8 2024-01-14T22:36:23Z hexaciencias:ART

Community entrepreneurship and SMEs Emprendimiento comunitario y pymes Mejía-Orellana, José Gustavo Emprendimiento comunitario, Pymes, Sostenibilidad ommunity entrepreneurship, SMEs, Sustainability The current situation of community entrepreneurship is presented as a dynamic and promising force in the creation of more resilient and sustainable communities. Community entrepreneurship has become more relevant as a means to address local problems and have a positive social impact in a context marked by socioeconomic and environmental challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic has further emphasized the importance of this business strategy by exposing community vulnerabilities and inequities and raising awareness of the demand for region-based collaborative solutions. In many fields, including food security, healthcare, sustainable resource management, and urban renewal, community entrepreneurs are emerging. Despite the progress, community enterprises still face many difficulties, including a lack of resources and funding, red tape, and the need for stronger institutional support. Governments, non-governmental organizations and other key stakeholders must recognize and support the value of community entrepreneurship by implementing policies and initiatives that help it grow and become stronger. Keywords: Community entrepreneurship, SMEs, Sustainability.  La situación actual del emprendimiento comunitario se presenta como una fuerza dinámica y prometedora en la creación de comunidades más resilientes y sostenibles. El emprendimiento comunitario ha cobrado mayor relevancia como medio para abordar problemáticas locales y tener un impacto social positivo en un contexto marcado por desafíos socioeconómicos y ambientales. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha enfatizado aún más la importancia de esta estrategia comercial al exponer las vulnerabilidades e inequidades de la comunidad y crear conciencia sobre la demanda de soluciones colaborativas basadas en la región. En muchos campos, incluida la seguridad alimentaria, la atención médica, la gestión sostenible de los recursos y la renovación urbana, están surgiendo empresarios comunitarios. A pesar de los avances, las empresas comunitarias aún enfrentan muchas dificultades, incluida la falta de recursos y financiamiento, trámites burocráticos y la necesidad de un apoyo institucional más fuerte. Los gobiernos, las organizaciones no gubernamentales y otros actores clave deben reconocer y apoyar el valor del emprendimiento comunitario mediante la implementación de políticas e iniciativas que lo ayuden a crecer y fortalecerse. Palabras claves: Emprendimiento comunitario, Pymes, Sostenibilidad. ABSTRACT The current situation of community entrepreneurship is presented as a dynamic and promising force in the creation of more resilient and sustainable communities. Community entrepreneurship has become more relevant as a means to address local problems and have a positive social impact in a context marked by socioeconomic and environmental challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic has further emphasized the importance of this business strategy by exposing community vulnerabilities and inequities and raising awareness of the demand for region-based collaborative solutions. In many fields, including food security, healthcare, sustainable resource management, and urban renewal, community entrepreneurs are emerging. Despite the progress, community enterprises still face many difficulties, including a lack of resources and funding, red tape, and the need for stronger institutional support. Governments, non-governmental organizations and other key stakeholders must recognize and support the value of community entrepreneurship by implementing policies and initiatives that help it grow and become stronger. Keywords: Community entrepreneurship, SMEs, Sustainability.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 23 de marzo de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 13 de junio de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2022. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2022-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/8 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-6 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 Núm. 4 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-6 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/8/16 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/8/17 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/9 2024-01-14T22:38:40Z hexaciencias:ART

Family and comprehensive knowledge Familia y saberes integrales Muñoz-Bowen, Lucy Ariana Familia, valores familiares, saberes integrales Family, family values, comprehensive knowledge The family is crucial for the transmission and accumulation of comprehensive knowledge that favors the growth of its members. The family environment offers a distinctive learning environment where values, traditions and knowledge are forged that cross generations because it was the first educational institution. Comprehensive knowledge includes not only academic content, but also the social, emotional, and cultural competencies that influence each person's identity and well-being. Affective family ties foster children's curiosity and interest in learning from an early age, which benefits their cognitive and emotional growth. The extensive knowledge learned in the family serves as a solid foundation that shapes the way people interact with the outside world, fostering positive interpersonal connections and promoting active participation in society. Understanding the value of comprehensive knowledge in the context of the family encourages us to value and promote a stimulating and affective home environment where good values are fostered and a love of learning is fostered, thus promoting a comprehensive education that transcends generations and fosters a more equitable society committed to the common good. Keywords: Family, family values, comprehensive knowledge.  La familia es crucial para la transmisión y acumulación de conocimientos integrales que favorecen el crecimiento de sus miembros. El entorno familiar ofrece un ambiente de aprendizaje distintivo donde se forjan valores, tradiciones y conocimientos que traspasan generaciones porque fue la primera institución educativa. El conocimiento integral incluye no solo el contenido académico, sino también las competencias sociales, emocionales y culturales que influyen en la identidad y el bienestar de cada persona. Los lazos familiares afectivos fomentan la curiosidad y el interés de los niños por aprender desde edades tempranas, lo que beneficia su crecimiento cognitivo y emocional. El amplio conocimiento aprendido en la familia sirve como una base sólida que moldea la forma en que las personas interactúan con el mundo exterior, fomentando conexiones interpersonales positivas y promoviendo la participación activa en la sociedad. Comprender el valor del conocimiento integral en el contexto de la familia nos impulsa a valorar y promover un ambiente hogareño estimulante y afectivo donde se fomenten los buenos valores y se fomente el amor por el aprendizaje, promoviendo así una educación integral que trascienda generaciones y propicie una sociedad más equitativa y comprometida con el bien común. Palabras claves: Familia, valores familiares, saberes integrales. ABSTRACT The family is crucial for the transmission and accumulation of comprehensive knowledge that favors the growth of its members. The family environment offers a distinctive learning environment where values, traditions and knowledge are forged that cross generations because it was the first educational institution. Comprehensive knowledge includes not only academic content, but also the social, emotional, and cultural competencies that influence each person's identity and well-being. Affective family ties foster children's curiosity and interest in learning from an early age, which benefits their cognitive and emotional growth. The extensive knowledge learned in the family serves as a solid foundation that shapes the way people interact with the outside world, fostering positive interpersonal connections and promoting active participation in society. Understanding the value of comprehensive knowledge in the context of the family encourages us to value and promote a stimulating and affective home environment where good values are fostered and a love of learning is fostered, thus promoting a comprehensive education that transcends generations and fosters a more equitable society committed to the common good. Keywords: Family, family values, comprehensive knowledge.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 28 de marzo de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 16 de junio de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2022. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2022-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/9 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 7-11 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 Núm. 4 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 7-11 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/9/18 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/9/19 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/10 2024-01-14T22:40:17Z hexaciencias:ART

Nutrition and poverty in urban areas Nutrición y pobreza en zonas urbanas Chiriboga-Mendoza, Mercedes Nutrición, Pobreza, Urbanismo Nutrition, Poverty, Urbanism Urban areas face a complex and multifaceted problem because poor nutrition and poverty are closely related. While there is greater food availability in urban areas due to the concentration of markets and supermarkets, there are also high rates of food insecurity, and the dynamics of the urban environment can exacerbate nutritional disparities between different socioeconomic groups. Due to the high cost of fresh, nutritious food, many low-income urban residents struggle to access a healthy, balanced diet. As a result, they often rely on less healthy, but less expensive options. In addition, the lack of grocery stores with fresh produce in impoverished neighborhoods further worsens the situation. Lack of nutrition education can also make it difficult for people to make informed dietary decisions and adopt healthier eating practices. Urban poverty creates a vicious cycle in which unfavorable socioeconomic conditions lead to inadequate nutrition, which then has an effect on health and well-being and makes it difficult for people to escape poverty. Keywords: Nutrition, Poverty, Urbanism.  Las áreas urbanas enfrentan un problema complejo y multifacético porque la mala nutrición y la pobreza están estrechamente relacionadas. Si bien existe una mayor disponibilidad de alimentos en las zonas urbanas debido a la concentración de mercados y supermercados, también existen altos índices de inseguridad alimentaria y la dinámica del entorno urbano puede exacerbar las disparidades nutricionales entre diferentes grupos socioeconómicos. Debido al alto costo de los alimentos frescos y nutritivos, muchos residentes urbanos de bajos ingresos luchan por acceder a una dieta sana y equilibrada. Como resultado, con frecuencia confían en opciones menos saludables, pero menos costosas. Además, la falta de tiendas de abarrotes con productos frescos en los barrios empobrecidos empeora aún más la situación. La falta de educación nutricional también puede dificultar que las personas tomen decisiones dietéticas informadas y adopten prácticas alimentarias más saludables. La pobreza urbana crea un círculo vicioso en el que las condiciones socioeconómicas desfavorables conducen a una nutrición inadecuada, que luego tiene un efecto en la salud y el bienestar y dificulta que las personas escapen de la pobreza. Palabras claves: Nutrición, Pobreza, Urbanismo. ABSTRACT Urban areas face a complex and multifaceted problem because poor nutrition and poverty are closely related. While there is greater food availability in urban areas due to the concentration of markets and supermarkets, there are also high rates of food insecurity, and the dynamics of the urban environment can exacerbate nutritional disparities between different socioeconomic groups. Due to the high cost of fresh, nutritious food, many low-income urban residents struggle to access a healthy, balanced diet. As a result, they often rely on less healthy, but less expensive options. In addition, the lack of grocery stores with fresh produce in impoverished neighborhoods further worsens the situation. Lack of nutrition education can also make it difficult for people to make informed dietary decisions and adopt healthier eating practices. Urban poverty creates a vicious cycle in which unfavorable socioeconomic conditions lead to inadequate nutrition, which then has an effect on health and well-being and makes it difficult for people to escape poverty. Keywords: Nutrition, Poverty, Urbanism.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 29 de marzo de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de junio de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2022. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2022-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/10 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 12-16 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 2 Núm. 4 (2022): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 12-16 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/10/20 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/10/21 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/11 2024-01-14T22:58:17Z hexaciencias:ART

Agroquality and smart crops Agrocalidad y cultivos inteligentes Tarazona-Meza, Néstor Leopoldo Agrocalidad, Cultivos inteligentes, sostenibilidad Agroquality, smart crops, sustainability In a world affected by climate change and population growth, agricultural quality and smart crops stand as two fundamental pillars for sustainable development and food security. Agrocalidad is the term used to describe the safety, hygiene and environmental standards that agricultural products must meet to be considered high quality and safe. The application of good agricultural practices, the prevention of pests and diseases, and the proper use of fertilizers and pesticides are necessary to guarantee optimal agro-carity. The use of cutting-edge methods and technologies in the production of agricultural products is called, on the other hand, the use of "smart crops". This includes the application of sustainable agricultural practices that encourage diversity and the efficient use of resources such as water and soil, such as conservation agriculture, intercropping and crop rotation. To meet present and future agricultural challenges, it is crucial to integrate agricultural quality and smart crops. This will enable efficient and responsible production that safeguards consumer health, protects the environment and makes the agricultural sector more resilient to the effects of climate change. Achieving a balance between productivity and sustainability through the use of these techniques and tools creates new possibilities for contemporary, competitive and environmentally friendly agriculture. Keywords: Agroquality, smart crops, sustainability.  En un mundo afectado por el cambio climático y el crecimiento de la población, la calidad agrícola y los cultivos inteligentes se erige como dos pilares fundamentales para el desarrollo sostenible y la seguridad alimentaria. Agrocalidad es el término utilizado para describir los estándares de seguridad, higiene y medio ambiente que los productos agrícolas deben cumplir para ser considerados de alta calidad y seguros. La aplicación de buenas prácticas agrícolas, la prevención de plagas y enfermedades y el uso adecuado de fertilizantes y pesticidas son necesarios para garantizar una agrocaridad óptima. El uso de métodos y tecnologías de vanguardia en la producción de productos agrícolas se denomina, por otro lado, el uso de "cultivos inteligentes". Esto incluye la aplicación de prácticas agrícolas sostenibles que fomenten la diversidad y el uso eficaz de recursos como el agua y el suelo, como la agricultura de conservación, los cultivos intercalados y la rotación de cultivos. Para enfrentar los desafíos agrícolas presentes y futuros, es crucial integrar la calidad agrícola y los cultivos inteligentes. Esto permitirá una producción eficiente y responsable que salvaguarde la salud del consumidor, proteja el medio ambiente y haga que el sector agrícola sea más resistente a los efectos del cambio climático. Lograr un equilibrio entre productividad y sostenibilidad mediante el uso de estas técnicas y herramientas crea nuevas posibilidades para una agricultura contemporánea, competitiva y respetuosa con el medio ambiente. Palabras claves: Agrocalidad, Cultivos inteligentes, sostenibilidad. ABSTRACT In a world affected by climate change and population growth, agricultural quality and smart crops stand as two fundamental pillars for sustainable development and food security. Agrocalidad is the term used to describe the safety, hygiene and environmental standards that agricultural products must meet to be considered high quality and safe. The application of good agricultural practices, the prevention of pests and diseases, and the proper use of fertilizers and pesticides are necessary to guarantee optimal agro-carity. The use of cutting-edge methods and technologies in the production of agricultural products is called, on the other hand, the use of "smart crops". This includes the application of sustainable agricultural practices that encourage diversity and the efficient use of resources such as water and soil, such as conservation agriculture, intercropping and crop rotation. To meet present and future agricultural challenges, it is crucial to integrate agricultural quality and smart crops. This will enable efficient and responsible production that safeguards consumer health, protects the environment and makes the agricultural sector more resilient to the effects of climate change. Achieving a balance between productivity and sustainability through the use of these techniques and tools creates new possibilities for contemporary, competitive and environmentally friendly agriculture. Keywords: Agroquality, smart crops, sustainability.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 03 de abril de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 07 de junio de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2023. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2023-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/11 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-7 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-7 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/11/22 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/11/23 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/12 2024-01-14T22:55:23Z hexaciencias:ART

Eco cities and integral environment Eco ciudades y ambiente integral Zambrano-Figueroa, Luis David Cevallos-Mendoza, María José Eco ciudades, Ambiente integral, Urbanismo, Sostenibilidad Eco cities, Integral environment, Urbanism, Sustainability The idea of "eco-cities", which is increasingly relevant today, describes a vision of urban areas in the future that blend harmoniously with nature, trying to have as little negative impact on the environment as possible and improving the quality of life for those who live there. Synergistic interaction between people and their immediate surroundings is prioritized in these environmentally conscious and sustainable cities, which adhere to a holistic philosophy. Urban sustainability takes on a central role in eco-cities planning because it promotes the development of green spaces, parks and gardens that help reduce traffic and improve air quality. In order to reduce the use of natural resources and greenhouse gas emissions, buildings are designed with energy efficiency criteria. Sustainable materials and ecological technologies are used in its construction. To reduce dependence on polluting vehicles, sustainable mobility is prioritized, promoting the use of public transport, bicycles and pedestrian paths. To increase understanding of the importance of protecting local biodiversity and natural resources, community participation in environmental education is encouraged. The circular economy is promoted and damage to local ecosystems is reduced through the implementation of waste collection and recycling systems. Keywords: Eco cities, Integral environment, Urbanism, Sustainability. La idea de "eco-ciudades", que es cada vez más relevante hoy en día, describe una visión de las áreas urbanas en el futuro que se mezclan armoniosamente con la naturaleza, tratando de tener el menor impacto negativo posible en el medio ambiente y mejorando la calidad de vida para los que viven allí. La interacción sinérgica entre las personas y su entorno inmediato se prioriza en estas ciudades ambientalmente conscientes y sostenibles, que se adhieren a una filosofía holística.  La sostenibilidad urbana adquiere un papel central en la planificación de las ecociudades porque promueve el desarrollo de espacios verdes, parques y jardines que ayudan a reducir el tráfico y mejorar la calidad del aire. Con el fin de reducir el uso de recursos naturales y las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, los edificios se diseñan con criterios de eficiencia energética. En su construcción se utilizan materiales sostenibles y tecnologías ecológicas. Para disminuir la dependencia de vehículos contaminantes, se prioriza la movilidad sostenible, fomentando el uso del transporte público, la bicicleta y las vías peatonales. Para aumentar la comprensión de la importancia de proteger la biodiversidad local y los recursos naturales, se alienta la participación de la comunidad en la educación ambiental. Se promueve la economía circular y se reduce el daño a los ecosistemas locales mediante la implementación de sistemas de recolección y reciclaje de residuos. Palabras claves: Eco ciudades, Ambiente integral, Urbanismo, Sostenibilidad. ABSTRACT The idea of "eco-cities", which is increasingly relevant today, describes a vision of urban areas in the future that blend harmoniously with nature, trying to have as little negative impact on the environment as possible and improving the quality of life for those who live there. Synergistic interaction between people and their immediate surroundings is prioritized in these environmentally conscious and sustainable cities, which adhere to a holistic philosophy. Urban sustainability takes on a central role in eco-cities planning because it promotes the development of green spaces, parks and gardens that help reduce traffic and improve air quality. In order to reduce the use of natural resources and greenhouse gas emissions, buildings are designed with energy efficiency criteria. Sustainable materials and ecological technologies are used in its construction. To reduce dependence on polluting vehicles, sustainable mobility is prioritized, promoting the use of public transport, bicycles and pedestrian paths. To increase understanding of the importance of protecting local biodiversity and natural resources, community participation in environmental education is encouraged. The circular economy is promoted and damage to local ecosystems is reduced through the implementation of waste collection and recycling systems. Keywords: Eco cities, Integral environment, Urbanism, Sustainability. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 03 de abril de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 08 de junio de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2023. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2023-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/12 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 8-13 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 8-13 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/12/24 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/12/25 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/13 2024-01-14T22:56:52Z hexaciencias:ART

Soft skills and cognition Habilidades blandas y cognición Padilla-Bermúdez, Yuny Habilidades blandas, Habilidades duras, Educación Soft skills, Hard skills, Education Two key components of a person's holistic development are their interpersonal skills and their cognitive skills, which have a major impact on their personal and professional success and well-being. Soft skills, also known as social or emotional skills, refer to interpersonal skills involving emotional intelligence, empathy, effective communication, teamwork, and leadership, among others. These skills are crucial for building strong relationships, resolving conflict, and fostering a positive work environment. The distinction between hard and soft skills has been a point of contention in the psychology community for many years. To understand human capabilities and their importance in the workplace and in society, it is essential to understand these categories. Keywords: Soft skills, Hard skills, Education. Dos componentes clave del desarrollo holístico de una persona son sus habilidades interpersonales y sus habilidades cognitivas, que tienen un gran impacto en su éxito y bienestar tanto personal como profesional. Las habilidades blandas, también conocidas como habilidades sociales o emocionales, se refieren a las habilidades interpersonales que involucran la inteligencia emocional, la empatía, la comunicación efectiva, el trabajo en equipo y el liderazgo, entre otras. Estas habilidades son cruciales para construir relaciones sólidas, resolver conflictos y fomentar un ambiente de trabajo positivo. La distinción entre habilidades duras y blandas ha sido un punto de discusión en la comunidad de psicología durante muchos años. Para comprender las capacidades humanas y su importancia en el lugar de trabajo y en la sociedad, es fundamental comprender estas categorías. Palabras claves: Habilidades blandas, Habilidades duras, Educación. ABSTRACT Two key components of a person's holistic development are their interpersonal skills and their cognitive skills, which have a major impact on their personal and professional success and well-being. Soft skills, also known as social or emotional skills, refer to interpersonal skills involving emotional intelligence, empathy, effective communication, teamwork, and leadership, among others. These skills are crucial for building strong relationships, resolving conflict, and fostering a positive work environment. The distinction between hard and soft skills has been a point of contention in the psychology community for many years. To understand human capabilities and their importance in the workplace and in society, it is essential to understand these categories. Keywords: Soft skills, Hard skills, Education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 03 de abril de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 08 de junio de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2023. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2023-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/13 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 14-18 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 14-18 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/13/26 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/13/27 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/14 2024-01-14T22:44:30Z hexaciencias:ART

Strategic and cultural business plan Plan estratégico y cultural empresarial Arellano-Cedeño, Mario Adrián Cultura empresarial, globalización, Gestión intercultural Business culture, globalization, intercultural management Business globalization involves the promotion of business interests in international markets and the establishment of shared economic environments, both of which require deep familiarity with each nation's traditions and culture. The success and predictability of international business is increasingly dependent on culture. Therefore, it is crucial for intercultural management to cultivate the ability to understand and apply the unique characteristics of various national cultures, as well as to master interpersonal communication skills and business ethics. Businesses struggle to operate in a multi-ethnic environment as the marketplace becomes more globalized. Cultural diversity makes it difficult to understand and communicate with the needs and expectations of customers and business partners in other nations. Intercultural management thus becomes a crucial task for multinational corporations. Companies can modify their strategies, products and services to meet the unique requirements of each country by having a deep understanding of the cultural specificities of each market. Doing this strengthens business relationships, builds trust, and promotes a positive reputation in the international marketplace. Keywords: Business culture, globalization, intercultural management. La globalización empresarial implica la promoción de los intereses comerciales en los mercados internacionales y el establecimiento de entornos económicos compartidos, los cuales requieren una familiaridad profunda con las tradiciones y la cultura de cada nación. El éxito y la previsibilidad de los negocios internacionales dependen cada vez más de la cultura. Por lo tanto, es crucial para la gestión intercultural cultivar la capacidad de comprender y aplicar las características únicas de varias culturas nacionales, así como dominar las habilidades de comunicación interpersonal y ética empresarial.  Las empresas luchan por operar en un entorno multiétnico a medida que el mercado se vuelve más globalizado. La diversidad cultural dificulta comprender y comunicarse con las necesidades y expectativas de los clientes y socios comerciales en otras naciones.  La gestión intercultural se convierte así en una tarea crucial para las corporaciones multinacionales. Las empresas pueden modificar sus estrategias, productos y servicios para cumplir con los requisitos únicos de cada país al tener un conocimiento profundo de las especificidades culturales de cada mercado. Al hacer esto, se fortalecen las relaciones comerciales, se desarrolla la confianza y se promueve una reputación positiva en el mercado internacional. Palabras claves: Cultura empresarial, globalización, Gestión intercultural. ABSTRACT Business globalization involves the promotion of business interests in international markets and the establishment of shared economic environments, both of which require deep familiarity with each nation's traditions and culture. The success and predictability of international business is increasingly dependent on culture. Therefore, it is crucial for intercultural management to cultivate the ability to understand and apply the unique characteristics of various national cultures, as well as to master interpersonal communication skills and business ethics. Businesses struggle to operate in a multi-ethnic environment as the marketplace becomes more globalized. Cultural diversity makes it difficult to understand and communicate with the needs and expectations of customers and business partners in other nations. Intercultural management thus becomes a crucial task for multinational corporations. Companies can modify their strategies, products and services to meet the unique requirements of each country by having a deep understanding of the cultural specificities of each market. Doing this strengthens business relationships, builds trust, and promotes a positive reputation in the international marketplace. Keywords: Business culture, globalization, intercultural management. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de octubre de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 21 de diciembre de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2023. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2023-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/14 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 No. 5 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-7 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 Núm. 5 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-7 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/14/28 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/14/29 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/15 2024-01-14T22:46:59Z hexaciencias:ART

Territorial sustainability and popular economy Sostenibilidad territorial y economía popular Puente-Padilla, Gabriela Sostenibilidad territorial, economía popular, innovación Territorial sustainability, popular economy, innovation Territorial sustainability and the popular economy are two interconnected ideas that are essential to create a more just and resilient society. The main objective of territorial sustainability is to keep the development of the economy, society and the environment of an area in harmony with each other. To this end, it is important to promote economic and social behavior that is respectful of the environment and that meets current needs without endangering those of future generations. Since it is based on the active participation of the local community in the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services, the popular economy emerges as a powerful tool in this situation. Support for small businesses, cooperatives, and local ventures, which promotes job creation and income generation in communities, is a defining characteristic of this economy. The integration of the popular economy with territorial sustainability allows greater citizen participation in decision-making and resource management, which strengthens the social fabric and fosters a sense of belonging and responsibility towards the local environment. This promotes inclusive and sustainable economic development where cultural identities are respected and natural resources are preserved. Keywords: Territorial sustainability, popular economy, innovation. La sostenibilidad territorial y la economía popular son dos ideas interconectadas que son esenciales para crear una sociedad más justa y resiliente. El objetivo principal de la sostenibilidad territorial es mantener el desarrollo de la economía, la sociedad y el medio ambiente de un área en armonía entre sí. Para ello, es importante fomentar comportamientos económicos y sociales respetuosos con el medio ambiente y que satisfagan las necesidades actuales sin poner en peligro las de las generaciones futuras. Dado que se basa en la participación activa de la comunidad local en la producción, distribución y consumo de bienes y servicios, la economía popular surge como una potente herramienta en esta situación. El apoyo a las pequeñas empresas, cooperativas y emprendimientos locales, que promueve la creación de empleo y la generación de ingresos en las comunidades, es una característica definitoria de esta economía.  La integración de la economía popular con la sostenibilidad territorial permite una mayor participación ciudadana en la toma de decisiones y la gestión de los recursos, lo que fortalece el tejido social y fomenta el sentido de pertenencia y responsabilidad hacia el entorno local. Esto promueve el desarrollo económico inclusivo y sostenible donde se respetan las identidades culturales y se preservan los recursos naturales. Palabras claves: Sostenibilidad territorial, economía popular, innovación. ABSTRACT Territorial sustainability and the popular economy are two interconnected ideas that are essential to create a more just and resilient society. The main objective of territorial sustainability is to keep the development of the economy, society and the environment of an area in harmony with each other. To this end, it is important to promote economic and social behavior that is respectful of the environment and that meets current needs without endangering those of future generations. Since it is based on the active participation of the local community in the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services, the popular economy emerges as a powerful tool in this situation. Support for small businesses, cooperatives, and local ventures, which promotes job creation and income generation in communities, is a defining characteristic of this economy. The integration of the popular economy with territorial sustainability allows greater citizen participation in decision-making and resource management, which strengthens the social fabric and fosters a sense of belonging and responsibility towards the local environment. This promotes inclusive and sustainable economic development where cultural identities are respected and natural resources are preserved. Keywords: Territorial sustainability, popular economy, innovation. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de octubre de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 21 de diciembre de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2023. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2023-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/15 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 No. 5 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 8-13 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 3 Núm. 5 (2023): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 8-13 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/15/30 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/15/31 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/222 2025-02-04T16:26:55Z hexaciencias:ART

Determination of water quality at a confluence. Jun Jun waterfall case Determinación de la calidad de agua en una confluencia. Caso cascada de Jun Jun Martínez-Inca, Marco Israel Gordillo-Guambaña, Burgos Geovanny calidad de agua, oxígeno disuelto, coliformes totales, celda emergente water quality, dissolved oxygen, total coliforms, emerging cell The water quality is essential to ensure the welfare and progress of a locality, this research aims to evaluate the water quality of the Quero River, located in the canton of the same name, to determine the levels of contamination present was taken as a reference Ministerial Agreement 097-A, Annex I, Table 2, Table 3 and Table 5 respectively this was determined based on the uses of the resource. Two sampling points were taken as reference, the first one diagonal to the emergent cell and the second one downstream of the Jun Jun waterfall. It was determined that the water of the Quero River is optimal for the development of aquatic and wild life since it has high concentrations of dissolved oxygen plus 3 mg/l, obtaining maximum values of 7.4 mg/l, an indicator of good water quality, but regarding agricultural use, a high organic load is evident, especially at the diagonal point of the emergent cell where concentrations of 4300 NMP/100 ml are registered, This may indicate contamination by leachate, since it has a low concentration of fecal coliforms the 1000 NMP/100 ml, so as not to attribute the high concentrations to feces or slurry. Therefore, it is recommended that the water of the Quero River be used for agricultural use only upstream from the zone of the emerging cell, since the analyses show that the river is self-recovering. Keywords: water quality, dissolved oxygen, total coliforms, emerging cell.  La calidad del agua es fundamental para garantizar el bienestar y progreso de una localidad, la presente investigación tiene como finalidad, evaluar la calidad del agua del río Quero, ubicada en el cantón del mismo nombre, para determinar los niveles de contaminación presente se tomó como referencia el Acuerdo Ministerial 097-A, Anexo I, Tabla 2, Tabla 3 y Tabla 5 respectivamente esto se determinó en función de los usos del recurso. Se tomó como referencia dos puntos de muestreo el primero diagonal a la celda emergente y el segundo aguas debajo de las cascada Jun Jun, se determinó que el agua del río Quero es óptima para el desarrollo de la vida acuática y silvestre ya que presente altas concentraciones de oxígeno disuelto más 3 mg/l obteniendo valores máximos de 7,4 mg/l, indicador de una buena calidad de agua, más referente al uso agropecuario se evidencia una alta carga orgánica sobre todo en el punto diagonal a la celda emergente donde se registra concentraciones de 4300 NMP/100 ml, esto nos puede indicar una contaminación por lixiviado, debido que presenta una baja concentración de coliformes fecales menos de 1000 NMP/100 ml, como para atribuir las altas concentraciones a las heces o purines, por esto se recomienda que se use el agua del río Quero para uso agropecuario solo aguas arribas de la zona de la celda emergente ya que los análisis demuestran una autorecuperación del río. Palabras claves: calidad de agua, oxígeno disuelto, coliformes totales, celda emergente. ABSTRACT The water quality is essential to ensure the welfare and progress of a locality, this research aims to evaluate the water quality of the Quero River, located in the canton of the same name, to determine the levels of contamination present was taken as a reference Ministerial Agreement 097-A, Annex I, Table 2, Table 3 and Table 5 respectively this was determined based on the uses of the resource. Two sampling points were taken as reference, the first one diagonal to the emergent cell and the second one downstream of the Jun Jun waterfall. It was determined that the water of the Quero River is optimal for the development of aquatic and wild life since it has high concentrations of dissolved oxygen plus 3 mg/l, obtaining maximum values of 7.4 mg/l, an indicator of good water quality, but regarding agricultural use, a high organic load is evident, especially at the diagonal point of the emergent cell where concentrations of 4300 NMP/100 ml are registered, This may indicate contamination by leachate, since it has a low concentration of fecal coliforms the 1000 NMP/100 ml, so as not to attribute the high concentrations to feces or slurry. Therefore, it is recommended that the water of the Quero River be used for agricultural use only upstream from the zone of the emerging cell, since the analyses show that the river is self-recovering. Keywords: water quality, dissolved oxygen, total coliforms, emerging cell.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2024. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2024-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/222 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 No. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-17 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-17 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/222/413 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/222/414 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/223 2025-02-04T16:26:55Z hexaciencias:ART

Resilience in coping with the dialysis process in patients and relatives who attend the SODIAL S.A. Medical Unit Resiliencia en el afrontamiento del proceso de diálisis en pacientes y familiares que asisten a la Unidad Médica SODIAL S.A. Mendoza-Intriago, Gema Mercedes Urrunaga-Gonzabay, Jennifer Paolet Resiliencia, Diálisis, Afrontamiento, SODIAL S.A., Tratamiento Resilience, Dialysis, Coping, SODIAL S.A., Treatment Worldwide, the impact generated by this disease is highly prevalent due to the high mortality rate. The treatment process to dialyze people suffering from kidney disease is one of the procedures with the highest levels of stress and depression. The individual believes that he has no other purpose in his life than only to depend on a machine in order to survive. Social, economic and family conditions without the support of psychological accompaniment become adverse. The quality of life, especially from the emotional sphere, is seriously impaired. That is why it becomes necessary to know the factors that affect the resilience of patients and their families who face dialysis procedures. Studies carried out indicate that the more resilience, the higher the level of coping. That is why this research is qualitative in nature. Through the analysis, it allowed us to know the reality of the patients selected for this study and thus have an interpretation of their reality. It is concluded that family support and economic condition is of great importance to cover the stages of treatment. The longer the treatment time, the greater the level of resilience of the patients and their families to face the dialysis treatment in the SODIAL S.A. unit. Keywords: Resilience, Dialysis, Coping, SODIAL S.A., Treatment.  A nivel mundial el impacto que genera esta enfermedad es de alta prevalencia por la elevada tasa de mortalidad. El proceso de tratamiento para dializar a las personas que sufren de enfermedades nefrológicas es uno de los procedimientos con mayores niveles de estrés y depresión. El individuo cree no tener otro propósito en su vida que solo depender de una máquina para poder sobrevivir. Las condiciones sociales, económicas y familiares sin el apoyo acompañamiento psicológico se vuelven adversas. La calidad de vida especialmente desde el ámbito emocional se ve seriamente perjudicada. Es por ello que se vuelve necesario conocer los factores que inciden en la resiliencia de los pacientes y familiares que afrontan procedimientos de diálisis. Estudios realizados nos indican que entre más resiliencia mayor nivel de afrontamiento. Es por ello que esta investigación es de carácter cualitativo. Nos permitió mediante el análisis conocer la realidad de los pacientes seleccionados para este estudio y así tener una interpretación de su realidad. Se concluye que el apoyo familiar y la condición económica es de gran importancia para aforrar las etapas del tratamiento. Entre mayor tiempo de tratamiento, mayor es el nivel de resiliencia de los pacientes y familiares para afrontar el tratamiento de diálisis en la unidad SODIAL S.A. Palabras claves: Resiliencia, Diálisis, Afrontamiento, SODIAL S.A., Tratamiento. ABSTRACT Worldwide, the impact generated by this disease is highly prevalent due to the high mortality rate. The treatment process to dialyze people suffering from kidney disease is one of the procedures with the highest levels of stress and depression. The individual believes that he has no other purpose in his life than only to depend on a machine in order to survive. Social, economic and family conditions without the support of psychological accompaniment become adverse. The quality of life, especially from the emotional sphere, is seriously impaired. That is why it becomes necessary to know the factors that affect the resilience of patients and their families who face dialysis procedures. Studies carried out indicate that the more resilience, the higher the level of coping. That is why this research is qualitative in nature. Through the analysis, it allowed us to know the reality of the patients selected for this study and thus have an interpretation of their reality. It is concluded that family support and economic condition is of great importance to cover the stages of treatment. The longer the treatment time, the greater the level of resilience of the patients and their families to face the dialysis treatment in the SODIAL S.A. unit. Keywords: Resilience, Dialysis, Coping, SODIAL S.A., Treatment.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2024. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2024-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/223 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 No. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 18-34 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 18-34 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/223/415 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/223/416 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/224 2025-02-04T16:26:55Z hexaciencias:ART

Visual Acuity and Its Impact on Learning Problems in Five-Year-Old Children La Agudeza Visual y su Incidencia en los Problemas de Aprendizaje en Niños de cinco años Puetate-Manitio, Gloria Irene Vélez-Ávila, Eunice Berenice Ostaiza-Demera, Janet Maribell Vélez-Sornoza, Leovigilda Monserrate Agudeza visual, problemas visuales, aprendizaje, niños de cinco años Visual acuity, visual problems, learning, five-year-old children Vision is responsible for most of the sensory information that people perceive from the external environment. It plays an outstanding role in the first years of life, allowing social interaction, learning and communication; In this sense, visual problems can cause serious damage to children's learning and socialization. Visual acuity, measured by the ability to perceive fine details and distinguish objects clearly, plays a crucial role in the educational process of five-year-old children. Vision problems, such as myopia, astigmatism, farsightedness, and amblyopia or lazy eye, can significantly affect your school performance. Difficulties reading, writing and identifying letters and numbers are common. Early detection and correction with glasses are essential to ensure effective learning. In addition, promoting healthy habits, such as resting your eyes and maintaining a balanced diet, helps preserve eye health at this crucial stage. Keywords: Visual acuity, visual problems, learning, five-year-old children.  La visión es responsable de la mayor parte de la información sensorial que las personas perciben del medio externo, ella desempeña un papel sobresaliente en los primeros años de vida, al permitir la interacción social, el aprendizaje y la comunicación; en tal sentido, los problemas visuales pueden ocasionar graves perjuicios en el aprendizaje y la socialización de los niños. La agudeza visual, medida por la capacidad de percibir detalles finos y distinguir objetos con claridad, desempeña un papel crucial en el proceso educativo de los niños de cinco años. Los problemas visuales, como la miopía, el astigmatismo, la hipermetropía y la ambliopía u ojo vago pueden afectar significativamente su rendimiento escolar. Dificultades para leer, escribir e identificar letras y números son comunes. La detección temprana y la corrección con anteojos son esenciales para garantizar un aprendizaje efectivo. Además, promover hábitos saludables, como descansar la vista y mantener una dieta balanceada, contribuye a preservar la salud ocular en esta etapa crucial. Palabras claves: Agudeza visual, problemas visuales, aprendizaje, niños de cinco años. ABSTRACT Vision is responsible for most of the sensory information that people perceive from the external environment. It plays an outstanding role in the first years of life, allowing social interaction, learning and communication; In this sense, visual problems can cause serious damage to children's learning and socialization. Visual acuity, measured by the ability to perceive fine details and distinguish objects clearly, plays a crucial role in the educational process of five-year-old children. Vision problems, such as myopia, astigmatism, farsightedness, and amblyopia or lazy eye, can significantly affect your school performance. Difficulties reading, writing and identifying letters and numbers are common. Early detection and correction with glasses are essential to ensure effective learning. In addition, promoting healthy habits, such as resting your eyes and maintaining a balanced diet, helps preserve eye health at this crucial stage. Keywords: Visual acuity, visual problems, learning, five-year-old children.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2024. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2024-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/224 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 No. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 35-47 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 35-47 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/224/417 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/224/418 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/225 2025-02-04T16:26:55Z hexaciencias:ART

Resilient Factors in Family Caregivers of Patients with End-Stage Cancer Diseases Factores Resilientes en Familiares Cuidadores de Pacientes con Enfermedades Oncológicas en Etapa Terminal Palomeque-Zambrano, Jeniffer Yadira Factores resilientes, cuidadores de pacientes, enfermedades oncológicas, etapa terminal Resilient factors, patient caregivers, oncological diseases, terminal stage Cancer is a devastating disease, which psychologically affects those who suffer from it, but also those who care for those patients. Fortunately, there are psychological resources, such as resilience or the ability to thrive in the face of adversity, that can help in the acceptance of the oncological situation for both parties, finding meaning, and even benefits, in the traumatic experience of suffering from the disease. In this article, a theoretical review is carried out about the resilient factors that influence the ability of family caregivers to face the stress and difficulties associated with caring for patients with terminal oncological diseases. The aforementioned factors are analyzed, emphasizing the importance of promoting resilience in caregivers and thus contributing to their adaptation and emotional well-being. Keywords: Resilient factors, patient caregivers, oncological diseases, terminal stage.  El cáncer es una enfermedad devastadora, la cual afecta psicológicamente a quienes la sufren, pero también a quienes cuidan de esos enfermos. Afortunadamente, existen recursos psicológicos, como la resiliencia o capacidad para prosperar frente a la adversidad, que pueden ayudar en la aceptación de la situación oncológica para ambas partes, encontrándole significado, e incluso beneficios, a la experiencia traumática del padecimiento de la enfermedad. En este artículo, se realiza una revisión teórica acerca de los factores resilientes que influyen en la capacidad de los familiares cuidadores para enfrentar el estrés y las dificultades asociadas con el cuidado de pacientes con enfermedades oncológicas en etapa terminal. Se analizan los referidos factores, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de promover resiliencia en los cuidadores y así, contribuir a la adaptación y al bienestar emocional de los mismos. Palabras claves: Factores resilientes, cuidadores de pacientes, enfermedades oncológicas, etapa terminal. ABSTRACT Cancer is a devastating disease, which psychologically affects those who suffer from it, but also those who care for those patients. Fortunately, there are psychological resources, such as resilience or the ability to thrive in the face of adversity, that can help in the acceptance of the oncological situation for both parties, finding meaning, and even benefits, in the traumatic experience of suffering from the disease. In this article, a theoretical review is carried out about the resilient factors that influence the ability of family caregivers to face the stress and difficulties associated with caring for patients with terminal oncological diseases. The aforementioned factors are analyzed, emphasizing the importance of promoting resilience in caregivers and thus contributing to their adaptation and emotional well-being. Keywords: Resilient factors, patient caregivers, oncological diseases, terminal stage.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2024. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2024-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/225 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 No. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 48-59 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 48-59 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/225/419 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/225/420 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/226 2025-02-04T16:26:55Z hexaciencias:ART

Socio-affective strategy for the development of emotional regulation in early childhood education children Estrategia socio-afectiva para el desarrollo de la regulación emocional en niños de 4 años Jaya-Correa, Mariuxi Corina Antón-Vera, Gustavo Enrique desarrollo emocional, etapa preescolar, competencias emocionales, regulación emocional emotional development, preschool stage, emotional competences, emotional regulation The objective of this research was to elaborate a guide of socio-affective strategies as a didactic technique to develop self-control and regulation of emotions in children in early childhood education. The research had a qualitative approach, for which observation cards were used for the children. The sample consisted of 5 teachers, 25 parents and 25 children from the Galo Plaza Lasso Educational Unit in the Santa Cruz canton of the province of Galapagos. The results obtained through the application of the instruments revealed that children have difficulties in recognizing and controlling their emotions as well as in trying to resolve conflictive situations. It is concluded that the children require the support of teachers through a socio-affective strategy to solve the problem. Keywords: emotional development, preschool stage, emotional competences, emotional regulation.  El presente trabajo investigativo tuvo como objetivo elaborar una guía de estrategias socio-afectiva como técnica didáctica para desarrollar el autocontrol y regulación de las emociones en niños y niñas de Educación Inicial. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cualitativo, para lo cual se emplearon fichas de observación destinada a los niños. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 5 docentes, 25 padres de familia y 25 niños de la Unidad Educativa Galo Plaza Lasso del cantón Santa Cruz de la provincia de Galápagos. Los resultados obtenidos mediante la aplicación de los instrumentos revelaron que los niños tienen dificultades para reconocer y controlar sus emociones así mismo como a tratar de resolver situaciones conflictivas. Se concluye que los niños requieren del apoyo docente mediante una estrategia de índole socio-afectiva que permita resolver la problemática. Palabras claves: desarrollo emocional, etapa preescolar, competencias emocionales, regulación emocional. ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to elaborate a guide of socio-affective strategies as a didactic technique to develop self-control and regulation of emotions in children in early childhood education. The research had a qualitative approach, for which observation cards were used for the children. The sample consisted of 5 teachers, 25 parents and 25 children from the Galo Plaza Lasso Educational Unit in the Santa Cruz canton of the province of Galapagos. The results obtained through the application of the instruments revealed that children have difficulties in recognizing and controlling their emotions as well as in trying to resolve conflictive situations. It is concluded that the children require the support of teachers through a socio-affective strategy to solve the problem. Keywords: emotional development, preschool stage, emotional competences, emotional regulation.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2024. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2024-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/226 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 No. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 60-81 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 (2024): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 60-81 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/226/421 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/226/422 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/465 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Collective trauma: social work in mental health and the welfare of vulnerable communities Trauma colectivo: el trabajo social en la salud mental y el bienestar de comunidades vulnerables Angulo-Caicedo, Amalia Paula Chango-Pomboza, Olga Mariana Chan Fong-Solórzano, Mary Alejandra Ilvis-Vacacela, José Manuel Trauma colectivo, trabajo social, salud mental, comunidades vulnerables Collective trauma, social work, mental health, vulnerable communities Collective trauma has a significant impact on the mental health and welfare of vulnerable communities, causing disorders such as post-traumatic stress, depression and anxiety. This trauma fragments social networks and aggravates suffering and hopelessness. Social work interventions are essential to mitigate these effects, providing emotional support, strengthening the social fabric and promoting community resilience. In this article, theoretical aspects about the impact of collective trauma will be addressed and social work interventions will be analyzed from a comprehensive and holistic approach. Social workers address both the symptoms of trauma and its underlying causes, helping communities overcome challenges and build a healthier, more cohesive futureg. Keywords: Collective trauma, social work, mental health, vulnerable communities.  El trauma colectivo tiene un impacto significativo en la salud mental y el bienestar de las comunidades vulnerables, provocando trastornos como el estrés postraumático, la depresión y la ansiedad. Este trauma fragmenta las redes sociales y agrava el sufrimiento y la desesperanza. Las intervenciones del trabajo social son esenciales para mitigar estos efectos, proporcionando apoyo emocional, fortaleciendo el tejido social y promoviendo la resiliencia comunitaria. En este artículo, se abordarán aspectos teóricos sobre el impacto del trauma colectivo y se analizarán las intervenciones del trabajo social desde un enfoque integral y holístico. Los trabajadores sociales abordan tanto los síntomas del trauma como sus causas subyacentes, ayudando a las comunidades a superar los desafíos y construir un futuro más saludable y cohesionado. Palabras claves: Trauma colectivo, trabajo social, salud mental, comunidades vulnerables. ABSTRACT Collective trauma has a significant impact on the mental health and welfare of vulnerable communities, causing disorders such as post-traumatic stress, depression and anxiety. This trauma fragments social networks and aggravates suffering and hopelessness. Social work interventions are essential to mitigate these effects, providing emotional support, strengthening the social fabric and promoting community resilience. In this article, theoretical aspects about the impact of collective trauma will be addressed and social work interventions will be analyzed from a comprehensive and holistic approach. Social workers address both the symptoms of trauma and its underlying causes, helping communities overcome challenges and build a healthier, more cohesive futureg. Keywords: Collective trauma, social work, mental health, vulnerable communities.  Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/465 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-22 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-22 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/465/757 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/465/758 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/466 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Significant learning and dyslexia Aprendizaje significativo y dislexia Panta-Ramírez, Junior Alexis Tarazona-Meza, Anicia Katherine Aprendizaje, estrategia, dislexia, estudiantes learning, strategy, dyslexia, students Dyslexia, a learning difficulty that affects between 5 and 15% of students, causes problems in reading, writing and learning, and the LOE of 2007 highlights the need for educational support for these students. In Ecuador, curricular reforms and diagnostic tests are implemented to improve their integration and academic performance. The objective of this study was to develop innovative didactic strategies for the meaningful learning of students with dyslexia in elementary school at Alhajuela General Basic Education School #144. Several authors seek to prevent disorders caused by dyslexia in students, which is why various methods and techniques are used and propose practical actions focused on curricular adaptation, teacher attention, family participation and actions aimed at students. In conclusion, the diagnosis of Anamnesis and the Explorative Test of Specific Dyslexia (TEDE) revealed several problems in the teaching-learning process of reading in children in the third year of elementary school. Two children were found in the critical range with possible dyslexia traits, two in the low range due to disinterest and lack of family support, eight in the regular range with some difficulties that can improve with practice, and seven in the excellent range without reading problems. Keywords: learning, strategy, dyslexia, students. La dislexia, es considerada como una dificultad de aprendizaje que afecta a entre el 5 y el 15% de los estudiantes, esta dificultad provoca problemas en lectoescritura y aprendizaje. Diversos autores buscan prevenir los trastornos provocados por la dislexia en alumnos; por ello, se utilizan diversos métodos y técnicas y se proponen acciones prácticas enfocadas en la adecuación curricular, la atención del maestro, la participación de la familia y acciones dirigidas a los alumnos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue elaborar estrategias didácticas innovadoras para el aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes con dislexia en la Básica Elemental de la escuela de Educación General Básica Alhajuela #144. Se desarrollaron actividades como el “bingo de letras”, “periódico”, “arenero”, “dado de voces”, “es o no es”, observo, construyo y escribo” y “crucigrama”. Cómo conclusión el diagnóstico de Anamnesis y el Test Explorativo de Dislexia Específica (TEDE) reveló diversos problemas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la lectura en niños de tercer año de básica. Se encontraron dos niños en el rango crítico con posibles rasgos de dislexia, dos en nivel bajo debido a desinterés y falta de apoyo familiar, ocho en rango regular con algunas dificultades que pueden mejorar con práctica, y siete en rango excelente sin problemas de lectura. Palabras claves: Aprendizaje, estrategia, dislexia, estudiantes. ABSTRACT Dyslexia, a learning difficulty that affects between 5 and 15% of students, causes problems in reading, writing and learning, and the LOE of 2007 highlights the need for educational support for these students. In Ecuador, curricular reforms and diagnostic tests are implemented to improve their integration and academic performance. The objective of this study was to develop innovative didactic strategies for the meaningful learning of students with dyslexia in elementary school at Alhajuela General Basic Education School #144. Several authors seek to prevent disorders caused by dyslexia in students, which is why various methods and techniques are used and propose practical actions focused on curricular adaptation, teacher attention, family participation and actions aimed at students. In conclusion, the diagnosis of Anamnesis and the Explorative Test of Specific Dyslexia (TEDE) revealed several problems in the teaching-learning process of reading in children in the third year of elementary school. Two children were found in the critical range with possible dyslexia traits, two in the low range due to disinterest and lack of family support, eight in the regular range with some difficulties that can improve with practice, and seven in the excellent range without reading problems. Keywords: learning, strategy, dyslexia, students. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/466 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 23-40 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 23-40 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/466/759 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/466/760 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/467 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Policies to stimulate employment in Ecuador: Family-owned companies Políticas de estímulo al empleo en Ecuador: Empresas familiares Molina-Quiroz, Claudia Analía Carreño-Villavicencio, Dianexy Viviana Quijije-Anchundia, Pedro Jacinto Política pública, Empleo, Empresas Familiares, Planificación Public Policy, Employment, Family Businesses, Planning Employment stimulus policies in Ecuador, focused on family businesses are presented through a bibliographic review of the main strategies and articles developed in the National Development Plan (NDP) for the periods 2013-2017, 2017-2021, and 2021-2025, analyzing their progress throughout the different periods of study. The article applies a qualitative and comparative methodology of stimulus policies, as well as their impact on family businesses. The results reveal that there are employment stimulus policies that favor family businesses in their management and strengthening, which have improved over time for their consolidation, this research contributes significantly to family businesses and creates key areas for future academic and administrative studies. Keywords: Public Policy, Employment, Family Businesses, Planning. Las políticas de estímulo al empleo en el Ecuador, enfocadas en empresas familiares se presentan a través de una revisión bibliográfica de las principales estrategias y artículos desarrollados en el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo (PND) de los periodos 2013-2017, 2017-2021 y 2021-2025, analizando su progreso en el transcurso de los diferentes periodos de estudio. El artículo aplica una metodología cualitativa y comparativa de las políticas de estímulo, así como su impacto en las empresas familiares. Los resultados revelan que existen políticas de estímulo al empleo que favorecen a las empresas familiares en su administración y fortalecimiento, las cuales han mejorado en el tiempo para su consolidación, esta investigación aporta significativamente a las empresas familiares y crea áreas clave para estudios académicos y administrativos futuros. Palabras claves: Política pública, Empleo, Empresas Familiares, Planificación. ABSTRACT Employment stimulus policies in Ecuador, focused on family businesses are presented through a bibliographic review of the main strategies and articles developed in the National Development Plan (NDP) for the periods 2013-2017, 2017-2021, and 2021-2025, analyzing their progress throughout the different periods of study. The article applies a qualitative and comparative methodology of stimulus policies, as well as their impact on family businesses. The results reveal that there are employment stimulus policies that favor family businesses in their management and strengthening, which have improved over time for their consolidation, this research contributes significantly to family businesses and creates key areas for future academic and administrative studies. Keywords: Public Policy, Employment, Family Businesses, Planning. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/467 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 41-58 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 41-58 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/467/761 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/467/762 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/468 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Digital illiteracy and Communication skills in Baby Boomers Analfabetismo digital y las competencias comunicativas en los Baby Boomers Ramírez-Rosales, Carolina Anabell Estrella-Tutivén, Ingrid Viviana analfabetismo digital, competencias comunicativas, baby boomers, brecha digital, alfabetización tecnológica digital illiteracy, communication skill, Baby Boomers, digital divide, technological literacy This study analyzes the impact of digital illiteracy on the communication skills of Baby Boomers, the generation born between 1946 and 1964. The research was conducted in the cantón of Santa Elenna, Ecuador, using the “Happy Gray Hairs” Geronto-Physio Project as a reference. A mixed- methods approach, employing surveys and interviews, was used to evaluate the participants` digital skills and understand the challenges they fase in their technological inclusion. The results reveal a significant digital divide, characterized by a lack of access to and training in technologies, which limits their participation in social and labor activities. Despite their interest in learning, older adults face economic and psychological barries that hinder their adaptation. It is determined that it is imperative to implement inclusive digital literacy programs, adapted to the needs of this group, to reduce exclusión and promote active and connected aging. Keywords: digital illiteracy, communication skill, Baby Boomers, digital divide, technological literacy. Este presente estudio analiza el impacto del analfabetismo digital en las competencias comunicativas de los baby boomers, generación nacida entre 1946 y 1964. La investigación se realizó en el cantón Santa Elena, Ecuador, tomando como referencia el proyecto Geronto-Fisio “Canitas Felices”. Con un enfoque mixto, se emplearon encuestas y entrevistas para evaluar las habilidades digitales de los participantes y comprender los desafíos que enfrentan en su inclusión tecnológica. Los resultados revelan una significativa brecha digital, caracterizada por la falta de acceso y capacitación en tecnologías, lo que limita su participación en actividades sociales y laborales. A pesar de su interés por aprender, los adultos mayores enfrentan barreras económicas y psicológicas que dificultan su adaptación. Se determina que es imperativo implementar programas de alfabetización digital inclusivos, adaptados a las necesidades de este grupo, para reducir la exclusión y promover un envejecimiento activo y conectado. Palabras claves: analfabetismo digital, competencias comunicativas, baby boomers, brecha digital, alfabetización tecnológica. ABSTRACT This study analyzes the impact of digital illiteracy on the communication skills of Baby Boomers, the generation born between 1946 and 1964. The research was conducted in the cantón of Santa Elenna, Ecuador, using the “Happy Gray Hairs” Geronto-Physio Project as a reference. A mixed- methods approach, employing surveys and interviews, was used to evaluate the participants` digital skills and understand the challenges they fase in their technological inclusion. The results reveal a significant digital divide, characterized by a lack of access to and training in technologies, which limits their participation in social and labor activities. Despite their interest in learning, older adults face economic and psychological barries that hinder their adaptation. It is determined that it is imperative to implement inclusive digital literacy programs, adapted to the needs of this group, to reduce exclusión and promote active and connected aging. Keywords: digital illiteracy, communication skill, Baby Boomers, digital divide, technological literacy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/468 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 59-83 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 59-83 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/468/763 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/468/764 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/469 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Inverted classroom as methodological strategies in significant learning to students of school October 12 Aula invertida como estrategias metodológicas en el aprendizaje significativo a estudiantes de la Escuela 12 de Octubre Párraga-Medranda, Frella Diolanda García-Zambrano, María Andreina Bravo-Vergara, Janeth Beatriz Basurto-Villa, Roberto Carlos aula invertida, innovación; aprendizaje significativo, resiliencia inverted classroom, innovation; meaningful learning, resilience The “inverted classroom” research as a methodological strategy for meaningful learning has served as a fundamental pillar in the development of students' skills and skills, evidenced in the research process, it was also raised as a general objective, strengthening significant learning through the Application of innovative methodological strategy inverted classroom in the students of the October 12 school, to carry out this work the bibliographic research was applied, which allowed to obtain theoretical information and that provided scientific foundations to the introductory part of the article, in addition it was applied Field research, by applying a tea to 5th grade students in the October 12 school of the San Vicente canton, it also urged the analytical method, which allowed to verify that active methodological strategies such as invested classroom significantly influence significant. It is concluded that the inverted classroom is an active and significant learning modality that seeks to transfer the teaching - learning process to the world of knowledge. This has a very specific purpose, that the time that students are in the classroom is used to reinforce that knowledge and that everyone learns in an interactive way. Keywords: inverted classroom, innovation; meaningful learning, resilience. La investigación “Aula Invertida” como estrategia metodológica para el Aprendizaje significativo, ha servido como pilar fundamental en el desarrollo de  habilidades y destrezas de los educandos, evidenciado en el proceso investigativo, así mismo se  planteó como objetivo general, Fortalecer el aprendizaje significativo mediante la aplicación de estrategia metodológicas innovadoras Aula invertida en los estudiantes de la escuela 12 de Octubre, para llevar a cabo este trabajo se aplicó la investigación bibliográfica, lo que permitió obtener información teórica y que proporcionó fundamentos científicos a la parte introductoria del artículo, además se aplicó investigación de campo, mediante la aplicación de un tés a estudiantes de 5to grado en la Escuela 12 de Octubre del Cantón San Vicente, además se exhortó del método analítico, el cual permitió comprobar que las estrategias metodológicas activas como Aula Invertida influyen significativamente en el aprendizaje significativo. Se concluye que el aula invertida es una modalidad de aprendizaje activo y significativo que busca trasladar el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje del aula al mundo del conocimiento. Esto tiene una finalidad muy específica, que el tiempo que los alumnos están en el aula sea usado para reforzar esos conocimientos y que todos aprendan de una forma interactiva. Palabras claves: aula invertida, innovación; aprendizaje significativo, resiliencia. ABSTRACT The “inverted classroom” research as a methodological strategy for meaningful learning has served as a fundamental pillar in the development of students' skills and skills, evidenced in the research process, it was also raised as a general objective, strengthening significant learning through the Application of innovative methodological strategy inverted classroom in the students of the October 12 school, to carry out this work the bibliographic research was applied, which allowed to obtain theoretical information and that provided scientific foundations to the introductory part of the article, in addition it was applied Field research, by applying a tea to 5th grade students in the October 12 school of the San Vicente canton, it also urged the analytical method, which allowed to verify that active methodological strategies such as invested classroom significantly influence significant. It is concluded that the inverted classroom is an active and significant learning modality that seeks to transfer the teaching - learning process to the world of knowledge. This has a very specific purpose, that the time that students are in the classroom is used to reinforce that knowledge and that everyone learns in an interactive way. Keywords: inverted classroom, innovation; meaningful learning, resilience. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/469 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 84-95 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 84-95 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/469/765 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/469/766 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/470 2025-02-17T19:49:26Z hexaciencias:ART

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/471 2025-02-17T19:49:26Z hexaciencias:ART

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/476 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Gamification as an interactive technique of mathematical logical thinking in students of the middle basic level Gamificación como técnica interactiva del pensamiento lógico matemático en alumnos del nivel básico medio Suárez-Laurido, Carlos Alberto Montece-Ruiz, Kevin Manuel Canga-Perlaza, Raúl Martín Jiménez-Jiménez, Elvia Lila Gamificación, pensamiento lógico-matemático, educación básica media, enseñanza interactiva Gamification, logical-mathematical thinking, basic secondary education, interactive teaching Gamification, a strategy that uses elements of games in non-game environments, has emerged as a promising tool in education to improve student engagement and learning. The present study focuses on establishing the adequate potential of educational gamification for the development of logical-mathematical thinking in middle school students. The main objective of the present study is to investigate how the design of gamified activities can promote critical thinking, problem solving and mathematical understanding at this educational level. An experimental approach was implemented, where the results of students exposed to traditional mathematics teaching activities will be compared with those who participate in gamified experiences. It is expected that the findings of this study will contribute to enrich educational practices, providing evidence on the effectiveness of gamification as an interactive technique for the development of logical-mathematical thinking in secondary basic education. Keywords: Gamification, logical-mathematical thinking, basic secondary education, interactive teaching. La gamificación, una estrategia que utiliza elementos propios de los juegos en entornos no lúdicos ha emergido como una herramienta prometedora en la educación para mejorar el compromiso y el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. El presente estudio se centra en establecer el potencial adecuado de la gamificación educativa para el desarrollo del pensamiento lógico-matemático en los educandos del nivel básico medio. El objetivo principal del presente estudio es investigar cómo el diseño de actividades gamificadas puede fomentar el pensamiento crítico, la resolución de problemas y la comprensión matemática en este nivel educativo. Se implementó un enfoque experimental, donde se compararán los resultados de estudiantes expuestos a actividades tradicionales de enseñanza de matemáticas con aquellos que participan en experiencias gamificadas. Se espera que los hallazgos de este estudio contribuyan a enriquecer las prácticas educativas, proporcionando evidencia sobre la efectividad de la gamificación como técnica interactiva para el desarrollo del pensamiento lógico-matemático en la educación básica media. Palabras claves: Gamificación, pensamiento lógico-matemático, educación básica media, enseñanza interactiva. ABSTRACT Gamification, a strategy that uses elements of games in non-game environments, has emerged as a promising tool in education to improve student engagement and learning. The present study focuses on establishing the adequate potential of educational gamification for the development of logical-mathematical thinking in middle school students. The main objective of the present study is to investigate how the design of gamified activities can promote critical thinking, problem solving and mathematical understanding at this educational level. An experimental approach was implemented, where the results of students exposed to traditional mathematics teaching activities will be compared with those who participate in gamified experiences. It is expected that the findings of this study will contribute to enrich educational practices, providing evidence on the effectiveness of gamification as an interactive technique for the development of logical-mathematical thinking in secondary basic education. Keywords: Gamification, logical-mathematical thinking, basic secondary education, interactive teaching. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/476 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 96-114 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 96-114 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/476/779 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/476/780 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/477 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

System of recreational activities for the development of identity and autonomy in Early Education children Sistema de actividades lúdicas para desarrollo de identidad y autonomía en niños de Educación Inicial Álava-Maza, Shirley María Vega-Intriago, Jisson Oswaldo Actividades lúdicas, Identidad, Autonomía Leisure activities, Identity, Autonomy This study examines the impact of a system of recreational activities on the development of identity and autonomy of children in Early Education. Its objective was to design and evaluate the effectiveness of these activities in an educational environment using a mixed methodology. The research, carried out at the “San José” Private Educational Unit, used qualitative and quantitative tools to collect data. The results showed a significant improvement in identity and autonomy skills, highlighting the value of the game as a pedagogical tool. This system provides teachers with a practical approach to foster comprehensive development, promoting self-confidence, decision making and children's ability to interact autonomously in their educational and social context. Keywords: Leisure activities, Identity, Autonomy. Este estudio examina el impacto de un sistema de actividades lúdicas en el desarrollo de la identidad y autonomía de los niños en Educación Inicial. Su objetivo fue diseñar y evaluar la efectividad de estas actividades en un entorno educativo mediante una metodología mixta. La investigación, realizada en la Unidad Educativa Particular “San José”, empleó herramientas cualitativas y cuantitativas para recolectar datos. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en habilidades de identidad y autonomía, resaltando el valor del juego como herramienta pedagógica. Este sistema brinda a los docentes un enfoque práctico para fomentar el desarrollo integral, promoviendo la autoconfianza, la toma de decisiones y la capacidad de los niños para interactuar de forma autónoma en su contexto educativo y social. Palabras claves: Actividades lúdicas, Identidad, Autonomía. ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of a system of recreational activities on the development of identity and autonomy of children in Early Education. Its objective was to design and evaluate the effectiveness of these activities in an educational environment using a mixed methodology. The research, carried out at the “San José” Private Educational Unit, used qualitative and quantitative tools to collect data. The results showed a significant improvement in identity and autonomy skills, highlighting the value of the game as a pedagogical tool. This system provides teachers with a practical approach to foster comprehensive development, promoting self-confidence, decision making and children's ability to interact autonomously in their educational and social context. Keywords: Leisure activities, Identity, Autonomy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/477 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 115-142 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 115-142 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/477/781 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/477/782 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/478 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in swine production Uso de ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) en la producción porcina Moreira-Bravo, Aaron David Ruiz Mosquera, Samantha Karelly Alcívar-Martínez, Marco Antonio Salud animal, Rendimiento productive, Terapia farmacológica, Bienestar porcino Animal health, Productive performance, Pharmacological therapy, Swine welfare Swine production plays a key role in global agriculture and faces animal health and welfare challenges. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) emerges as a promising tool to improve growth, reduce stress and control disease. This study aimed to analyze the comprehensive use of ASA in pigs to promote sustainable and productive practices. A qualitative literature review was conducted using PRISMA methodology, focusing on studies conducted between 1970 and 2024. Data were collected through a systematic search of academic databases and key bibliographies, evaluating routes of administration, therapeutic purposes, and effects on swine production. From 14 selected studies, the results showed that ASA improves intestinal health and growth in weaned piglets, although it presents risks of gastrointestinal adverse effects. In growing pigs, its use as an adjuvant in respiratory diseases was highlighted, while, in the fattening stage, its careful management was essential to avoid gastric lesions. It is concluded that AAS contributes significantly to the welfare and productive performance of pigs, provided that its use is adjusted to adequate doses and routes of administration to maximize benefits and minimize risks. Keywords: Animal health, Productive performance, Pharmacological therapy, Swine welfare. La producción porcina desempeña un papel fundamental en la agricultura mundial, enfrentando desafíos en salud y bienestar animal. El ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) surge como una herramienta prometedora para mejorar el crecimiento, reducir el estrés y manejar enfermedades. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el uso integral de los EAA en cerdos para fomentar prácticas sostenibles y productivas. Se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica cualitativa utilizando la metodología PRISMA, y enfocándose en estudios desde 1970 a 2024. Los datos se recopilaron mediante una búsqueda sistemática en bases académicas y bibliografías clave, evaluando vías de administración, propósitos terapéuticos y efectos en la producción porcina. De 14 estudios seleccionados, los resultados mostraron que el AAS mejora la salud intestinal y el crecimiento en lechones destetados, aunque presenta riesgos de efectos adversos gastrointestinales. En cerdos en crecimiento, su uso como coadyuvante en enfermedades respiratorias fue destacado, mientras que, en la etapa de engorde, su manejo cuidadoso fue esencial para evitar lesiones gástricas. Se concluye que el AAS contribuye significativamente al bienestar y rendimiento productivo de los cerdos, siempre que su uso se ajuste a dosis y vías de administración adecuadas para maximizar beneficios y minimizar riesgos. Palabras claves: Salud animal, Rendimiento productive, Terapia farmacológica, Bienestar porcino. ABSTRACT Swine production plays a key role in global agriculture and faces animal health and welfare challenges. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) emerges as a promising tool to improve growth, reduce stress and control disease. This study aimed to analyze the comprehensive use of ASA in pigs to promote sustainable and productive practices. A qualitative literature review was conducted using PRISMA methodology, focusing on studies conducted between 1970 and 2024. Data were collected through a systematic search of academic databases and key bibliographies, evaluating routes of administration, therapeutic purposes, and effects on swine production. From 14 selected studies, the results showed that ASA improves intestinal health and growth in weaned piglets, although it presents risks of gastrointestinal adverse effects. In growing pigs, its use as an adjuvant in respiratory diseases was highlighted, while, in the fattening stage, its careful management was essential to avoid gastric lesions. It is concluded that AAS contributes significantly to the welfare and productive performance of pigs, provided that its use is adjusted to adequate doses and routes of administration to maximize benefits and minimize risks. Keywords: Animal health, Productive performance, Pharmacological therapy, Swine welfare. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/478 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 143-161 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 143-161 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/478/783 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/478/784 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/512 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Educational innovation and the teaching-learning process in elementary education at San Isidro Educational Unit Innovación educativa y proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en educación básica elemental de la Unidad Educativa San Isidro Bonilla-Loor, Karen Fernanda Saldarriaga-Villamil, Kasandra Vanessa Aprendizaje, Educación, Enseñanza, Innovación Learning, Education, Teaching, Innovation The article examines the relevance of educational innovation in the teaching-learning process in elementary basic education, focusing on the San Isidro educational unit, located in San Isidro parish, Cantón Sucre, Manabí. A mixed approach combining qualitative and quantitative elements was used to better understand the topic. The research was non-experimental and cross-sectional, conducted at a specific time without manipulation of variables. The findings highlight the need to promote innovative educational practices and provide continuous support to teachers to optimize students' potential. Collaboration among educators, institutions and communities is essential to create dynamic learning environments. In addition, continuous teacher training is crucial to cultivate a culture of innovation, enabling educators to implement new pedagogical methodologies effectively. Barriers that may hinder the adoption of innovative practices are identified, such as resistance to change and lack of resources in the educational unit. Through the analysis of case studies and testimonials, the positive impact that these innovations can have in the educational environment is confirmed, highlighting their importance in the integral development of students. Keywords: Learning, Education, Teaching, Innovation. El artículo examina la relevancia de la innovación educativa en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación básica elemental, centrándose en la unidad educativa San Isidro, ubicada en la parroquia San Isidro, Cantón Sucre, Manabí. Se utilizó un enfoque mixto que combina elementos cualitativos y cuantitativos para entender mejor el tema. La investigación fue no experimental y transversal, realizada en un momento específico sin manipulación de variables. Los hallazgos destacan la necesidad de promover prácticas educativas innovadoras y brindar apoyo continuo a los docentes para optimizar el potencial de los estudiantes. La colaboración entre educadores, instituciones y comunidades es esencial para crear ambientes de aprendizaje dinámicos. Además, la formación continua del profesorado es crucial para cultivar una cultura de innovación, permitiendo a los educadores implementar nuevas metodologías pedagógicas efectivamente. Se identifican barreras que pueden obstaculizar la adopción de prácticas innovadoras, como la resistencia al cambio y la falta de recursos en la unidad educativa. A través de análisis de casos prácticos y testimonios, se confirma el impacto positivo que estas innovaciones pueden tener en el ámbito educativo, resaltando su importancia en el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes. Palabras claves: Aprendizaje, Educación, Enseñanza, Innovación. ABSTRACT The article examines the relevance of educational innovation in the teaching-learning process in elementary basic education, focusing on the San Isidro educational unit, located in San Isidro parish, Cantón Sucre, Manabí. A mixed approach combining qualitative and quantitative elements was used to better understand the topic. The research was non-experimental and cross-sectional, conducted at a specific time without manipulation of variables. The findings highlight the need to promote innovative educational practices and provide continuous support to teachers to optimize students' potential. Collaboration among educators, institutions and communities is essential to create dynamic learning environments. In addition, continuous teacher training is crucial to cultivate a culture of innovation, enabling educators to implement new pedagogical methodologies effectively. Barriers that may hinder the adoption of innovative practices are identified, such as resistance to change and lack of resources in the educational unit. Through the analysis of case studies and testimonials, the positive impact that these innovations can have in the educational environment is confirmed, highlighting their importance in the integral development of students. Keywords: Learning, Education, Teaching, Innovation. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/512 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 162-175 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 162-175 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/512/844 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/512/845 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/514 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Management of accounts receivable and its impact on the liquidity of "Comercial Ureta" (2021-2023) Gestión de cuentas por cobrar y su impacto en la liquidez de "Comercial Ureta" (2021-2023) Intriago-Cuavoy, Yinyer Ninoska Gómez-García, Susetty Lorena Cobranza, cuentas por cobrar, desempeño financiero, gestión, liquidez Collections, accounts receivable, financial performance, management, liquidity The present study aims to analyze the management of accounts receivable and its impact on the liquidity of the company "Comercial Ureta" during the period 2021-2023. A mixed methodology was used, with a non-experimental and descriptive design. The population consisted of four key individuals in the company: the director, accountant, accounting assistant, and cashier. Financial information from the years 2021, 2022, and 2023 was analyzed, in addition to conducting interviews with the staff in the credit and collections area, which facilitated the collection of qualitative information about the implemented procedures and policies. The results revealed serious deficiencies in the management of accounts receivable, with between 75% and 80% of the portfolio in a state of default and a notable decrease in the turnover of accounts receivable. This situation has negatively impacted the company's liquidity, as evidenced by the decline in current ratio and acid test indicators. It is concluded that inefficiencies in the management of accounts receivable have severely affected the liquidity of "Comercial Ureta," recommending the implementation of standardized credit policies and effective collection procedures. Keywords: Collections, accounts receivable, financial performance, management, liquidity. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la gestión de las cuentas por cobrar y su incidencia en la liquidez de la empresa "Comercial Ureta" durante el periodo 2021-2023. Se utilizó una metodología de enfoque mixto, con diseño no experimental y de tipo descriptivo. La población estuvo compuesta por cuatro personas clave en la empresa: el director, contador, auxiliar contable y cajero. Se analizó la información financiera de los años 2021, 2022 y 2023, además de realizar entrevistas con el personal del área de créditos y cobranzas, lo que facilitó la obtención de información cualitativa sobre los procedimientos y políticas implementados. Los resultados revelaron serias deficiencias en la gestión de cuentas por cobrar, con entre un 75% y 80% de la cartera en estado de vencimiento y una notable disminución en la rotación de cuentas por cobrar. Esta situación ha impactado negativamente la liquidez de la empresa, evidenciada por la caída en los indicadores de razón corriente y prueba ácida. Se concluye que la ineficiencia en la gestión de cuentas por cobrar ha afectado gravemente la liquidez de "Comercial Ureta", recomendando la implementación de políticas de crédito estandarizadas y procedimientos eficaces de cobranza. Palabras claves: Cobranza, cuentas por cobrar, desempeño financiero, gestión, liquidez. ABSTRACT The present study aims to analyze the management of accounts receivable and its impact on the liquidity of the company "Comercial Ureta" during the period 2021-2023. A mixed methodology was used, with a non-experimental and descriptive design. The population consisted of four key individuals in the company: the director, accountant, accounting assistant, and cashier. Financial information from the years 2021, 2022, and 2023 was analyzed, in addition to conducting interviews with the staff in the credit and collections area, which facilitated the collection of qualitative information about the implemented procedures and policies. The results revealed serious deficiencies in the management of accounts receivable, with between 75% and 80% of the portfolio in a state of default and a notable decrease in the turnover of accounts receivable. This situation has negatively impacted the company's liquidity, as evidenced by the decline in current ratio and acid test indicators. It is concluded that inefficiencies in the management of accounts receivable have severely affected the liquidity of "Comercial Ureta," recommending the implementation of standardized credit policies and effective collection procedures. Keywords: Collections, accounts receivable, financial performance, management, liquidity. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/514 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 176-196 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 176-196 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/514/848 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/514/849 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/515 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Collaborative learning and academic performance in the elementary sublevel at Juan Montalvo School #41 Aprendizaje colaborativo y rendimiento académico en el subnivel elemental de la Escuela Juan Montalvo #41 Alcívar-Mendoza, Jordy Julian Vega-Intriago, Jisson Oswaldo aprendizaje colaborativo, rendimiento académico, subnivel elemental, innovación collaborative learning, academic performance, elementary sublevel, innovation This article examines the relationship between collaborative learning and academic performance in the Elementary Sublevel at Juan Montalvo School #41 in Chone, Manabí (Ecuador). The identified issue focuses on the predominance of traditional methodologies in the teaching-learning process, which limits active student participation and impacts their performance. The main objective was to determine how collaborative learning can enhance academic performance in this context. This research employs a qualitative methodology. An innovative proposal was developed, based on the implementation of accessible collaborative activities that do not rely on technological tools, aimed at fostering student interaction and promoting more dynamic and effective learning. The proposal was validated by a discussion group consisting of seven expert teachers who assessed its effectiveness through a structured questionnaire. The results indicated that the proposed activities not only improve academic performance but also enhance motivation and participation in the classroom. These findings suggest that collaborative learning is a viable alternative to transform traditional education into a more inclusive, student-centered approach. Keywords: collaborative learning, academic performance, elementary sublevel, innovation. Este artículo examina la relación entre el aprendizaje colaborativo y el rendimiento académico en el Subnivel Elemental de la Escuela Juan Montalvo #41 en el cantón Chone, Manabí (Ecuador). La problemática identificada se centra en el predominio de metodologías tradicionales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, las cuales limitan la participación activa de los estudiantes y afectan su rendimiento. El objetivo general fue determinar cómo el aprendizaje colaborativo puede mejorar el rendimiento académico en este contexto. Esta investigación presenta una metodología cualitativa. Para ello, se diseñó una propuesta innovadora basada en la implementación de actividades colaborativas accesibles y no dependientes de herramientas tecnológicas, con el fin de fomentar la interacción entre los estudiantes y promover un aprendizaje más dinámico y efectivo. La propuesta fue validada por un grupo de discusión compuesto por siete docentes expertos, quienes evaluaron su efectividad a través de un cuestionario estructurado. Los resultados indicaron que las actividades propuestas no solo mejoran el rendimiento académico, sino también la motivación y participación en clase. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el aprendizaje colaborativo es una alternativa viable para transformar la educación tradicional en un enfoque más inclusivo y centrado en los estudiantes. Palabras claves: aprendizaje colaborativo, rendimiento académico, subnivel elemental, innovación. ABSTRACT This article examines the relationship between collaborative learning and academic performance in the Elementary Sublevel at Juan Montalvo School #41 in Chone, Manabí (Ecuador). The identified issue focuses on the predominance of traditional methodologies in the teaching-learning process, which limits active student participation and impacts their performance. The main objective was to determine how collaborative learning can enhance academic performance in this context. This research employs a qualitative methodology. An innovative proposal was developed, based on the implementation of accessible collaborative activities that do not rely on technological tools, aimed at fostering student interaction and promoting more dynamic and effective learning. The proposal was validated by a discussion group consisting of seven expert teachers who assessed its effectiveness through a structured questionnaire. The results indicated that the proposed activities not only improve academic performance but also enhance motivation and participation in the classroom. These findings suggest that collaborative learning is a viable alternative to transform traditional education into a more inclusive, student-centered approach. Keywords: collaborative learning, academic performance, elementary sublevel, innovation. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/515 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 197-220 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 197-220 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/515/850 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/515/851 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/516 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Parental communication and communication skills on school achievement Comunicación parental y las habilidades comunicativas en el rendimiento escolarizado Rosales-Guale, María Sofía Cortez-Clavijo, Paola Elizabeth comunicación parental, habilidades comunicativas, rendimiento escolar, educación parental communication, communicative skills, academic performance, education The quality of communication between parents and children significantly impacts students' communicative skills, affecting their academic performance. A supportive family environment with consistent dialogue fosters key competencies, helping young individuals adapt and excel in the school setting. The general objective aimed to examine the influence of parental communication quality and communicative skills on the academic performance of students at Escuela de Educación Básica Del Pacífico. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses for a comprehensive view. The research utilized a non-experimental, descriptive, and explanatory design, observing variables without manipulation. The population included students and representatives from Escuela Del Pacífico, with a specific sample of 8 students and 8 parents. Data were collected through surveys and semi-structured interviews, utilizing validated instruments and a reliability analysis using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Findings indicate that strong, frequent parent-child interactions correlate with improvements in academic performance, reinforcing essential skills within the educational context. Additionally, students receiving consistent support show greater motivation and confidence. It is concluded that regular, focused family dialogue contributes to academic and emotional success, suggesting this connection be encouraged as a crucial element within the educational environment. Keywords: parental communication, communicative skills, academic performance, education. La calidad de la comunicación entre padres e hijos influye significativamente en las habilidades comunicativas de los estudiantes, repercutiendo en su educación. Un entorno familiar de apoyo y diálogo constante fomenta competencias clave, ayudando a los jóvenes a adaptarse y destacar en el ámbito escolar. El objetivo general, buscó examinar la influencia de la calidad de la comunicación parental y las habilidades comunicativas en el rendimiento escolar de los estudiantes de la Escuela de Educación Básica Del Pacífico. La metodología empleada fue de enfoque mixto, combinando análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo para obtener una visión completa. Se utiliza un diseño no experimental, descriptivo y explicativo, observando variables sin manipulación. La población abarca estudiantes y representantes de la Escuela Del Pacífico, seleccionando una muestra específica de 8 estudiantes y 8 padres. Se recogen datos mediante encuestas y entrevistas semi-estructuradas, con instrumentos validados y un análisis de confiabilidad mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Los resultados evidencian que una interacción sólida y frecuente entre padres e hijos se asocia con mejoras en el desempeño académico, fortaleciendo habilidades esenciales para el contexto escolar. A su vez, los estudiantes que reciben apoyo constante muestran una mayor motivación y confianza. Se concluye que un diálogo familiar regular y enfocado contribuye al éxito académico y emocional, sugiriéndose fomentar este vínculo como un elemento clave en el entorno educativo. Palabras claves: comunicación parental, habilidades comunicativas, rendimiento escolar, educación. ABSTRACT The quality of communication between parents and children significantly impacts students' communicative skills, affecting their academic performance. A supportive family environment with consistent dialogue fosters key competencies, helping young individuals adapt and excel in the school setting. The general objective aimed to examine the influence of parental communication quality and communicative skills on the academic performance of students at Escuela de Educación Básica Del Pacífico. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses for a comprehensive view. The research utilized a non-experimental, descriptive, and explanatory design, observing variables without manipulation. The population included students and representatives from Escuela Del Pacífico, with a specific sample of 8 students and 8 parents. Data were collected through surveys and semi-structured interviews, utilizing validated instruments and a reliability analysis using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Findings indicate that strong, frequent parent-child interactions correlate with improvements in academic performance, reinforcing essential skills within the educational context. Additionally, students receiving consistent support show greater motivation and confidence. It is concluded that regular, focused family dialogue contributes to academic and emotional success, suggesting this connection be encouraged as a crucial element within the educational environment. Keywords: parental communication, communicative skills, academic performance, education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/516 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 221-242 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 221-242 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/516/852 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/516/853 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/517 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Resilience and disability: Path to Higher Education online Resiliencia y discapacidad: Camino a la Educación Superior en línea Navarrete-Rengifo, María Belén Adaptación, apoyo, inclusión, resiliencia Adaptation, support, inclusion, resilience This research investigates the correlation between resilience and disability in Social Work students online at the State University of Milagro. The purpose is to discern the elements that influence the development of resilience in this population. The findings, based on surveys and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), revealed a notable correlation between resilience and social support, as well as with access to adaptive technologies. Students with greater family and community support patented higher levels of resilience, while technological restrictions and the lack of specialized support posed significant barriers. It is emphasized that resilience is enhanced through the implementation of support networks and adaptation processes. The research emphasizes the importance of institutional policies that ensure adaptive resources, inclusive teacher training, and constant technical assistance. Fostering an accessible and inclusive educational environment not only improves academic performance but also promotes the holistic development of students, strengthening their resilience in the face of academic and personal obstacles. Keywords: Adaptation, support, inclusion, resilience. Esta investigación indaga la correlación entre la resiliencia y la discapacidad en estudiantes de Trabajo Social en línea de la Universidad Estatal de Milagro. El propósito es discernir los elementos que inciden en la evolución de la resiliencia en esta población, examinando tanto las barreras como las oportunidades en el marco de la educación en línea. Los hallazgos, fundamentados en encuestas y la Escala de Resiliencia de Connor-Davidson (CD-RISC), evidenciaron una correlación notable entre la resiliencia y el respaldo social, así como con el acceso a tecnologías adaptativas. Los estudiantes que contaban con un mayor apoyo familiar y comunitario patentizaron grados superiores de resiliencia, mientras que las restricciones tecnológicas y la ausencia de apoyo especializado representaron barreras significativas. Se subraya que la resiliencia se potencia mediante la implementación de redes de apoyo y procesos de adaptación. La investigación recalca la importancia de políticas institucionales que aseguren recursos adaptativos, capacitación docente inclusiva y asistencia técnica constante. Fomentar un ambiente educativo accesible e inclusivo no solo mejora el rendimiento académico, sino que también fomenta el desarrollo holístico de los alumnos, robusteciendo su capacidad de resistencia frente a obstáculos académicos y personales. Palabras claves: Adaptación, apoyo, inclusión, resiliencia. ABSTRACT This research investigates the correlation between resilience and disability in Social Work students online at the State University of Milagro. The purpose is to discern the elements that influence the development of resilience in this population. The findings, based on surveys and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), revealed a notable correlation between resilience and social support, as well as with access to adaptive technologies. Students with greater family and community support patented higher levels of resilience, while technological restrictions and the lack of specialized support posed significant barriers. It is emphasized that resilience is enhanced through the implementation of support networks and adaptation processes. The research emphasizes the importance of institutional policies that ensure adaptive resources, inclusive teacher training, and constant technical assistance. Fostering an accessible and inclusive educational environment not only improves academic performance but also promotes the holistic development of students, strengthening their resilience in the face of academic and personal obstacles. Keywords: Adaptation, support, inclusion, resilience. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/517 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 243-260 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 243-260 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/517/854 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/517/855 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/518 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Inclusion and diversity in the classroom: Innovations to serve students with special needs Inclusión y diversidad en el aula: Innovaciones para atender estudiantes con necesidades especiales Bravo-Palacios, Melva Clementina Flores-Romero, Karina Merizalde-Campoverde, María Elena Sabando-Giler, Luis Alfonso Inclusión en el aula, Diversidad en el aula, Innovación educativa, Estudiantes con necesidades especiales Inclusion in the classroom, Diversity in the classroom, Educational innovation, Students with special needs Diversity and inclusion are fundamental concepts in today's world and are gaining increasing importance in the educational field and are referred to as creating an environment where all students, regardless of their abilities, cultural backgrounds, languages, and experiences, can learn together in an equitable manner. Fortunately, educational innovations respond to the attention of students with individual needs, as they provide changes and improvements in methods, technologies, and teaching strategies to make education more effective, inclusive, and attractive, involving the use of technology, active teaching methods, personalization of learning, and ongoing teacher training. This essay presents a reflection on inclusion and diversity in the classroom, as well as the various educational innovations aimed at the attention of students with special needs. Keywords: Inclusion in the classroom, Diversity in the classroom, Educational innovation, Students with special needs. La diversidad y la inclusión son conceptos fundamentales en el mundo actual y están cobrando una importancia cada vez mayor en el ámbito educativo, y están referidas a crear un entorno donde todos los estudiantes, independientemente de sus habilidades, antecedentes culturales, idiomas, y experiencias, puedan aprender juntos de manera equitativa. Afortunadamente, las innovaciones educativas dan respuesta a la atención de estudiantes con necesidades individuales, pues aportan cambios y mejoras en métodos, tecnologías y estrategias de enseñanza para hacer la educación más efectiva, inclusiva y atractiva, involucrando el uso de tecnología, métodos de enseñanza activa, personalización del aprendizaje y la formación continua de docentes. Este ensayo presenta una reflexión sobre la inclusión y la diversidad en el aula, así como las diversas innovaciones educativas destinadas a la atención de estudiantes con necesidades especiales. Palabras claves: Inclusión en el aula, Diversidad en el aula, Innovación educativa, Estudiantes con necesidades especiales. ABSTRACT Diversity and inclusion are fundamental concepts in today's world and are gaining increasing importance in the educational field and are referred to as creating an environment where all students, regardless of their abilities, cultural backgrounds, languages, and experiences, can learn together in an equitable manner. Fortunately, educational innovations respond to the attention of students with individual needs, as they provide changes and improvements in methods, technologies, and teaching strategies to make education more effective, inclusive, and attractive, involving the use of technology, active teaching methods, personalization of learning, and ongoing teacher training. This essay presents a reflection on inclusion and diversity in the classroom, as well as the various educational innovations aimed at the attention of students with special needs. Keywords: Inclusion in the classroom, Diversity in the classroom, Educational innovation, Students with special needs. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/518 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 261-278 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 261-278 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/518/856 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/518/857 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/519 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

The pedagogical practice of the Ecuadorian teacher. A look from its protagonists La práctica pedagógica del docente ecuatoriano. Una mirada desde sus protagonistas Mantilla-Falcón, Marcelo Velásquez-Sandoval, Katty Jessenia Rengifo-Tobar, Diego Xavier habilidades docentes, práctica pedagógica, competencias, labor docente, evaluación, planificación docente teaching skills, pedagogical practice, competencies, teaching work, evaluation, teaching planning The teaching practice in the framework of the pedagogical actions developed in the field of planning, educational action and evaluation as a process, are intrinsic elements of the teacher's role in his labor and professional field; under these criteria, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the teacher's self-perception of his pedagogical teaching practice. It is a descriptive, correlational and explanatory research, horizontal, non-experimental, with non-probabilistic sampling under the snowball method. Teachers from higher, middle, elementary and pre-school levels participated in the study. The technique used was the survey with the application of a questionnaire with a Likert scale with five response options. Exploratory data analysis (EDA), linear and multiple correlation and regression, plus the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon U tests were used to verify hypotheses in addition to Friedman's rank test; categorical variables were analyzed with Chi-square. The results show that there is a high perception of self-assessment of the mastery of their teaching practice and pedagogical actions. It is concluded that the pedagogical practice of evaluation is the least valued and the one that represents the most complications due to the complexity of this educational activity. Keywords: teaching skills, pedagogical practice, competencies, teaching work, evaluation, teaching planning. La práctica docente en el marco de las acciones pedagógicas desarrolladas en el ámbito de la planificación, acción educativa y evaluación como proceso, son elementos intrínsecos al rol del maestro en su campo laboral y profesional; bajo estos criterios la presente investigación tiene como propósito evaluar la autopercepción del maestro frente a su práctica pedagógica docente. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, correlacional y explicativa, de corte horizontal, no experimental, con muestreo no probabilístico bajo el método de bola de nieve. Participaron docentes de los niveles superior, medio, educación básica e inicial. La técnica empleada fue la encuesta con la aplicación de un cuestionario con escala de Likert a cinco opciones de respuesta. Se utilizó el análisis exploratorio de datos (AED), la correlación y regresión lineal y múltiple, más la U de Mann-Whitney y Wilcoxon para verificar hipótesis sumado a la prueba de rangos de Friedman; las variables categóricas fueron analizadas con Ji cuadrado. Los resultados evidencian que hay una elevada percepción de autovaloración del dominio de su práctica docente y accionar pedagógico. Se concluye que la práctica pedagógica de la evaluación es la menos valorada y la que más complicaciones representa por la complejidad de esta actividad educativa. Palabras claves: habilidades docentes, práctica pedagógica, competencias, labor docente, evaluación, planificación docente. ABSTRACT The teaching practice in the framework of the pedagogical actions developed in the field of planning, educational action and evaluation as a process, are intrinsic elements of the teacher's role in his labor and professional field; under these criteria, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the teacher's self-perception of his pedagogical teaching practice. It is a descriptive, correlational and explanatory research, horizontal, non-experimental, with non-probabilistic sampling under the snowball method. Teachers from higher, middle, elementary and pre-school levels participated in the study. The technique used was the survey with the application of a questionnaire with a Likert scale with five response options. Exploratory data analysis (EDA), linear and multiple correlation and regression, plus the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon U tests were used to verify hypotheses in addition to Friedman's rank test; categorical variables were analyzed with Chi-square. The results show that there is a high perception of self-assessment of the mastery of their teaching practice and pedagogical actions. It is concluded that the pedagogical practice of evaluation is the least valued and the one that represents the most complications due to the complexity of this educational activity. Keywords: teaching skills, pedagogical practice, competencies, teaching work, evaluation, teaching planning. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/519 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 279-293 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 279-293 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/519/858 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/519/859 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/520 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Didactic strategy for leadership in the teaching-learning process in the EU Thirteenth of October Estrategia didáctica para el liderazgo en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en la UE Trece de Octubre Montiel-Zumba, Segundo Isaac Vega-Intriago, Jisson Oswaldo Chica-Chica, Leonardo Fabricio liderazgo educativo, estrategias didácticas, rendimiento académico educational leadership, didactic strategies, academic performance The study addressed the implementation of a didactic strategy to promote educational leadership in the Trece de Octubre Educational Unit. The general objective was to design a didactic proposal that favors leadership in the teaching-learning process. The methodology adopted was quantitative, with a non-experimental design and surveys were applied to a non-probabilistic sample of 30 students and 10 teachers. The results reveal the need to adjust and adapt teaching strategies to make them more relevant and effective from the student perspective, ensuring that they are clear, coherent, motivating and connected to the context of the development of students' leadership skills. The conclusions highlight the need to strengthen teacher training and adapt strategies to the needs of students to improve academic performance and educational leadership. Keywords: educational leadership, didactic strategies, academic performance. El estudio abordó la implementación de una estrategia didáctica para promover el liderazgo educativo en la Unidad Educativa Trece de Octubre. El objetivo general fue diseñar una propuesta didáctica que favorezca el liderazgo en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje. La metodología adoptada fue cuantitativa, con un diseño no experimental y se aplicaron encuestas en una muestra no probabilística de 30 estudiantes y 10 docentes. Los resultados dan a conocer la necesidad de ajustar y adaptar las estrategias didácticas para que sean más relevantes y efectivas desde la perspectiva estudiantil, garantizando que estas sean claras, coherentes, motivadoras y conectadas con el contexto del desarrollo de habilidades de liderazgo de los estudiantes. Las conclusiones destacan la necesidad de fortalecer la formación docente y adaptar las estrategias a las necesidades de los estudiantes para mejorar el rendimiento académico y el liderazgo educativo. Palabras claves: liderazgo educativo, estrategias didácticas, rendimiento académico. ABSTRACT The study addressed the implementation of a didactic strategy to promote educational leadership in the Trece de Octubre Educational Unit. The general objective was to design a didactic proposal that favors leadership in the teaching-learning process. The methodology adopted was quantitative, with a non-experimental design and surveys were applied to a non-probabilistic sample of 30 students and 10 teachers. The results reveal the need to adjust and adapt teaching strategies to make them more relevant and effective from the student perspective, ensuring that they are clear, coherent, motivating and connected to the context of the development of students' leadership skills. The conclusions highlight the need to strengthen teacher training and adapt strategies to the needs of students to improve academic performance and educational leadership. Keywords: educational leadership, didactic strategies, academic performance. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2024-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/520 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 294-317 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 294-317 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/520/860 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/520/861 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/521 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Active teaching strategies and their effect on knowledge retention Estrategias de enseñanza activa y su efecto en la retención del conocimiento Lara, Viviana Elizabeth Góngora-Salazar, Patricio Jaramillo-Simbaña, Raquel Magali Salas-Alvarado, Gabriela Fernanda Estrategias, enseñanza, aprendizaje activo, retención, educación Strategies, teaching, active learning, retention, education This work explores the effectiveness of active teaching strategies in the educational field, highlighting their positive impact on knowledge retention and the development of critical skills in students. It is argued that active learning, through methods such as project-based learning and the use of interactive technologies, allows students to relate content to real situations, thus promoting deeper and lasting understanding. Despite the benefits, challenges are recognized in the implementation of these methodologies, such as resistance to change on the part of some educators and the lack of technological resources in certain contexts. However, institutions that have adopted these strategies have seen improvements in student motivation and engagement. The work concludes that it is essential to continue researching and promoting pedagogical approaches that favor active learning, adapting to the changing needs of students and the educational environment, thus guaranteeing a more effective and meaningful education for all. Keywords: Strategies, teaching, active learning, retention, education. Este trabajo explora la eficacia de las estrategias de enseñanza activas en el ámbito educativo, destacando su impacto positivo en la retención del conocimiento y en el desarrollo de habilidades críticas en los estudiantes. Se argumenta que el aprendizaje activo, a través de métodos como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos y el uso de tecnologías interactivas, permite a los estudiantes relacionar el contenido con situaciones reales, promoviendo así una comprensión más profunda y duradera. A pesar de los beneficios, se reconocen desafíos en la implementación de estas metodologías, como la resistencia al cambio por parte de algunos educadores y la falta de recursos tecnológicos en ciertos contextos. Sin embargo, las instituciones que han adoptado estas estrategias han observado mejoras en la motivación y el compromiso de los estudiantes. El trabajo concluye que es fundamental continuar investigando y promoviendo enfoques pedagógicos que favorezcan el aprendizaje activo, adaptándose a las necesidades cambiantes de los estudiantes y del entorno educativo, garantizando así una educación más efectiva y significativa para todos. Palabras claves: Estrategias, enseñanza, aprendizaje activo, retención, educación. ABSTRACT This work explores the effectiveness of active teaching strategies in the educational field, highlighting their positive impact on knowledge retention and the development of critical skills in students. It is argued that active learning, through methods such as project-based learning and the use of interactive technologies, allows students to relate content to real situations, thus promoting deeper and lasting understanding. Despite the benefits, challenges are recognized in the implementation of these methodologies, such as resistance to change on the part of some educators and the lack of technological resources in certain contexts. However, institutions that have adopted these strategies have seen improvements in student motivation and engagement. The work concludes that it is essential to continue researching and promoting pedagogical approaches that favor active learning, adapting to the changing needs of students and the educational environment, thus guaranteeing a more effective and meaningful education for all. Keywords: Strategies, teaching, active learning, retention, education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/521 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 318-340 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 318-340 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/521/862 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/521/863 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/522 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Educational innovation strategies in the teaching of mathematics in higher basic education Estrategias de innovación educativa en la enseñanza de las matemáticas en educación básica superior Alcívar-Vélez, Viviana Elizabeth Gómez-García, Susetty Lorena Estrategias de innovación educativa, enseñanza de las matemáticas, tecnología educativa, proceso de enseñanza Educational innovation strategies, teaching of mathematics, educational technology, teaching process The study addressed the problem of the poor application of educational innovation strategies in the teaching of mathematics in higher basic education. The objective was to determine the impact of these strategies in said context. For it, theoretical methods such as analysis, synthesis and inductive-deductive were used, which facilitated the understanding of the most effective strategies. In addition, empirical methods such as observation, interviews and surveys were used to obtain accurate data. The results revealed that educational innovation strategies, particularly the use of information and communication technologies, had a positive and significant impact on the teaching of mathematics. Regarding of perception of students, 93.33% said they were very satisfied with the applied educational innovation strategies and 100% expressed that it is very likely that they will continue using them. Technological tools such as Microsoft Forms, Microsoft office, YouTube, Educaplay, Canva, Khan Academy and Quizizz not only make learning more attractive and practical, but also allow adaptation to the individual needs of students. This affirms that information and communication technologies are effective in improve and enhance the educational process. Keywords: Educational innovation strategies, teaching of mathematics, educational technology, teaching process. El estudio abordó el problema de la deficiente aplicación de estrategias de innovación educativa en la enseñanza de las matemáticas en educación básica superior. El objetivo fue determinar el impacto de las estrategias de innovación educativa en la enseñanza de las matemáticas en educación básica superior. Para ello, se utilizaron métodos teóricos como el análisis, síntesis y el inductivo-deductivo que facilitaron la comprensión de las estrategias más efectivas. Además, se emplearon métodos empíricos como la observación, entrevista y encuesta para obtener datos precisos. Los resultados revelaron que las estrategias de innovación educativa, particularmente el uso de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación tuvieron un impacto positivo y significativo en la enseñanza de las matemáticas. En cuanto a la percepción de los estudiantes, el 93,33% manifestaron estar muy satisfechos con las estrategias de innovación educativa aplicadas y el 100% expresaron que es extremadamente probable que continúen utilizándolas. Las herramientas tecnológicas como Microsoft Forms, Microsoft office, YouTube, Educaplay, Canva, Khan Academy y Quizizz no solo hacen el aprendizaje más atractivo y práctico, sino que también permiten adaptarse a las necesidades individuales de los estudiantes. Esto afirma que las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación son efectivas para mejorar y potenciar el proceso educativo. Palabras claves: Estrategias de innovación educativa, enseñanza de las matemáticas, tecnología educativa, proceso de enseñanza. ABSTRACT The study addressed the problem of the poor application of educational innovation strategies in the teaching of mathematics in higher basic education. The objective was to determine the impact of these strategies in said context. For it, theoretical methods such as analysis, synthesis and inductive-deductive were used, which facilitated the understanding of the most effective strategies. In addition, empirical methods such as observation, interviews and surveys were used to obtain accurate data. The results revealed that educational innovation strategies, particularly the use of information and communication technologies, had a positive and significant impact on the teaching of mathematics. Regarding of perception of students, 93.33% said they were very satisfied with the applied educational innovation strategies and 100% expressed that it is very likely that they will continue using them. Technological tools such as Microsoft Forms, Microsoft office, YouTube, Educaplay, Canva, Khan Academy and Quizizz not only make learning more attractive and practical, but also allow adaptation to the individual needs of students. This affirms that information and communication technologies are effective in improve and enhance the educational process. Keywords: Educational innovation strategies, teaching of mathematics, educational technology, teaching process. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/522 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 341-360 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 341-360 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/522/864 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/522/865 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/523 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Management of tax obligations by zone 5 of Ecuador Gestión de las obligaciones tributarias por parte de la zona 5 del Ecuador Valderrama-Barragán, Gloria Angélica Gestión, obligaciones tributarias, zona 5, Ecuador Management, tax obligations, zone 5, Ecuador The present study addresses the topic of tax liability management refers to the complex process of planning, organization, and control that entails the identification and payment of taxes, as well as compliance with filing and submission requirements, having as its main objective the analysis of the management of tax liabilities in zone 5 of Ecuador. From the methodology, a qualitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental study was conducted in zone five of the territory of Ecuador in a sample consisting of 378 SMEs. Within the main findings it is observed that, the high percentage of variability in business culture and compliance with tax regulations can be a hindrance to the fulfillment of tax obligations. It is necessary to promote adequate issuance of checks and transparency in transactions to guarantee compliance with tax obligations. It is concluded that, most SMEs consider it important to assess their long-term liquidity and make budgets to deal with illiquidity problems. It is also important to perform external audits of the generated financial information to ensure transparency and independent verification. Keywords: Management, tax obligations, zone 5, Ecuador. El presente estudio aborda la temática de la gestión de las obligaciones tributarias se refiere al complejo proceso de planificación, organización y control que comporta la identificación y el pago de impuestos, así como el cumplimiento de los requisitos de presentación de declaraciones y entrega de documentos, teniendo como objetivo principal el analizar la gestión de las obligaciones tributarias en la zona 5 del Ecuador. Desde la metodología, se realizó un estudio cualitativo, transversal y no experimental en la zona cinco del territorio ecuatoriano en una muestra formada por 378 PYMES. Dentro de los principales resultados se observa que, el alto porcentaje de variabilidad en la cultura empresarial y el cumplimiento de normativas fiscales puede ser un obstáculo para el cumplimiento de las obligaciones tributarias. Es necesario promover la emisión adecuada de comprobantes y la transparencia en las transacciones para garantizar el cumplimiento de las obligaciones tributarias. Se concluye que, la mayoría de las empresas PYMES consideran importante evaluar su liquidez a largo plazo y realizar presupuestos para hacer frente a los problemas de la iliquidez. También es importante realizar auditorías externas a la información financiera generada para asegurar la transparencia y la verificación independiente. Palabras claves: Gestión, obligaciones tributarias, zona 5, Ecuador. ABSTRACT The present study addresses the topic of tax liability management refers to the complex process of planning, organization, and control that entails the identification and payment of taxes, as well as compliance with filing and submission requirements, having as its main objective the analysis of the management of tax liabilities in zone 5 of Ecuador. From the methodology, a qualitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental study was conducted in zone five of the territory of Ecuador in a sample consisting of 378 SMEs. Within the main findings it is observed that, the high percentage of variability in business culture and compliance with tax regulations can be a hindrance to the fulfillment of tax obligations. It is necessary to promote adequate issuance of checks and transparency in transactions to guarantee compliance with tax obligations. It is concluded that, most SMEs consider it important to assess their long-term liquidity and make budgets to deal with illiquidity problems. It is also important to perform external audits of the generated financial information to ensure transparency and independent verification. Keywords: Management, tax obligations, zone 5, Ecuador. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/523 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 361-376 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 361-376 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/523/866 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/523/867 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/524 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Leadership Skills for the Management of Educational Innovation at the Luis Espinoza Martinez School Habilidades de Liderazgo para la Gestión de Innovación Educativa en la Escuela Luis Espinoza Martínez Cedeño-Salazar, Victoria Natali Caballero-Chávez, Erick Andrés Chica-Chica, Leonardo Fabricio educación, habilidades de liderazgo, innovación, gestión educativa, programa de desarrollo Education, leadership skills, innovation, educational management, development program This study examines the leadership skills needed to strengthen the capacity of principals and teachers in the management and promotion of educational innovation at the Luis Espinoza Martínez School. The research follows a mixed approach and a cross-sectional design, applying the Blake and Mouton Test to the principal and teachers to evaluate key dimensions of leadership, complemented by structured interviews with teachers and parents. The sample includes the principal, nine teachers and forty parents. The results reveal three distinctive leadership profiles in the teaching team: a social approach focused on relationships, a task-oriented authoritarian style, and two team leaders who manage to balance both approaches. The analysis shows that teachers demonstrate significant initiative and skills to implement pedagogical innovations; however, the absence of planning has led to these innovations developing independently. In response to this institutional reality, we propose a program focused on strengthening the already existing capacities of the teaching team, focusing on developing competencies for teamwork, joint planning and systematic evaluation, allowing pedagogical innovations to be implemented in a coordinated and sustainable manner. Keywords: Education, leadership skills, innovation, educational management, development program. Este estudio examina las habilidades de liderazgo necesarias para fortalecer la capacidad de los directivos y docentes en la gestión y promoción de la innovación educativa en la Escuela Luis Espinoza Martínez. La investigación sigue un enfoque mixto y un diseño de corte transversal, aplicando el Test de Blake y Mouton a la directora y docentes para evaluar dimensiones clave del liderazgo, complementado por entrevistas estructuradas a docentes y padres de familia. La muestra incluye a la directora, nueve docentes y cuarenta padres de familia. Los resultados revelan tres perfiles de liderazgo en el equipo docente: un enfoque social, un estilo autoritario, y dos líderes de equipo que logran equilibrar ambos enfoques. El análisis de las entrevistas evidencia que los docentes demuestran habilidades significativas para implementar innovaciones pedagógicas, sin embargo, la ausencia de una planificación ha llevado a que estas se desarrollen de manera independiente. En respuesta a esta realidad institucional, se propuso y valido mediante juicio de especialistas un programa enfocado en fortalecer las capacidades ya existentes en el equipo docente y en desarrollar competencias para el trabajo en equipo, la planificación conjunta y la evaluación sistemática, permitiendo que las innovaciones pedagógicas se implementen de manera coordinada y sostenible. Palabras claves: educación, habilidades de liderazgo, innovación, gestión educativa, programa de desarrollo. ABSTRACT This study examines the leadership skills needed to strengthen the capacity of principals and teachers in the management and promotion of educational innovation at the Luis Espinoza Martínez School. The research follows a mixed approach and a cross-sectional design, applying the Blake and Mouton Test to the principal and teachers to evaluate key dimensions of leadership, complemented by structured interviews with teachers and parents. The sample includes the principal, nine teachers and forty parents. The results reveal three distinctive leadership profiles in the teaching team: a social approach focused on relationships, a task-oriented authoritarian style, and two team leaders who manage to balance both approaches. The analysis shows that teachers demonstrate significant initiative and skills to implement pedagogical innovations; however, the absence of planning has led to these innovations developing independently. In response to this institutional reality, we propose a program focused on strengthening the already existing capacities of the teaching team, focusing on developing competencies for teamwork, joint planning and systematic evaluation, allowing pedagogical innovations to be implemented in a coordinated and sustainable manner. Keywords: Education, leadership skills, innovation, educational management, development program. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/524 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 377-394 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 377-394 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/524/868 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/524/869 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/525 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Impact of Technology on Educational Inclusion: A Study of Higher Education Students Impacto de la tecnología en la inclusión educativa: Un estudio en estudiantes de educación superior Quijije-Quiroz, Karen Pilar Poggi-Cedeño, Edgar Alfredo Palma-Zambrano, Stefany Ximena Alcívar-Muñoz, Yanna Hohana tecnologías, inclusión educativa, educación superior technologies, educational inclusion, higher education This chapter examines the essential impact of technologies on the educational inclusion of higher education students, highlighting their ability to provide equitable and personalized access to educational resources. The advantages, such as flexibility and personalization of learning, as well as the technological and economic barriers that limit access for some students, are analyzed. In addition, the need to train teachers in the use of inclusive technologies is emphasized and emerging innovations that promise to improve educational inclusion are explored. In conclusion, the effective use of these technologies is critical to moving towards a more inclusive and equitable higher education, overcoming existing barriers and ensuring that all students and faculty are adequately equipped to use these tools effectively. Keywords: technologies, educational inclusion, higher education. Este capítulo examina el impacto esencial de las tecnologías en la inclusión educativa de estudiantes de educación superior, destacando su capacidad para proporcionar acceso equitativo y personalizado a los recursos educativos. Se analizan las ventajas, como la flexibilidad y la personalización del aprendizaje, así como las barreras tecnológicas y económicas que limitan el acceso para algunos estudiantes. Además, se enfatiza la necesidad de capacitar a los docentes en el uso de tecnologías inclusivas y se exploran innovaciones emergentes que prometen mejorar la inclusión educativa. En conclusión, el aprovechamiento efectivo de estas tecnologías es fundamental para avanzar hacia una educación superior más inclusiva y equitativa, superando las barreras existentes y asegurando que todos los estudiantes y docentes estén adecuadamente equipados para utilizar estas herramientas de manera efectiva. Palabras claves: tecnologías, inclusión educativa, educación superior. ABSTRACT This chapter examines the essential impact of technologies on the educational inclusion of higher education students, highlighting their ability to provide equitable and personalized access to educational resources. The advantages, such as flexibility and personalization of learning, as well as the technological and economic barriers that limit access for some students, are analyzed. In addition, the need to train teachers in the use of inclusive technologies is emphasized and emerging innovations that promise to improve educational inclusion are explored. In conclusion, the effective use of these technologies is critical to moving towards a more inclusive and equitable higher education, overcoming existing barriers and ensuring that all students and faculty are adequately equipped to use these tools effectively. Keywords: technologies, educational inclusion, higher education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/525 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 395-413 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 395-413 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/525/870 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/525/871 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/526 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Impact of emotional support on the recovery of post-surgical patients Impacto del apoyo emocional en la recuperación de pacientes postquirúrgicos Vera-Macías, Jorge Javier Ponce-Ponce, Melissa Katherine Cevallos-Santana, Ana María Saltos-Saldarriaga, Vianka Valeria Apoyo emocional, recuperación postquirúrgica, percepción del dolor, adaptación psicológica, optimización de resultados clínicos Emotional support, post-surgical recovery, pain perception, psychological adaptation, optimization of clinical results This study analyzes the impact of emotional support on the recovery of post-surgical patients, exploring how the quality of this support influences the healing process. The main objective was to evaluate the relationship between emotional support and recovery, using surveys, patient interviews and analysis of clinical records. The results showed that a higher level of emotional support is associated with a significant decrease in pain perception, faster recovery and better psychological adaptation. Those patients who had constant emotional monitoring reported less pain and a more efficient recovery, reflected in a notable reduction in the length of hospital stay and the time to return to their usual activities. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating affective support strategies in postoperative care to optimize clinical outcomes and improve the patient experience, suggesting the need for additional research with larger samples and standardized methodologies to validate and expand these results. Keywords: Emotional support, post-surgical recovery, pain perception, psychological adaptation, optimization of clinical results. Este estudio analiza el impacto del soporte afectivo en la recuperación de pacientes postquirúrgicos, explorando cómo la calidad de este respaldo influye en el proceso de curación. El objetivo principal fue evaluar la relación entre el acompañamiento emocional y la recuperación, utilizando encuestas, entrevistas a pacientes y análisis de registros clínicos. Los resultados mostraron que un mayor nivel de apoyo afectivo se asocia con una disminución significativa en la percepción del dolor, una recuperación más rápida y una mejor adaptación psicológica. Aquellos pacientes que contaron con un seguimiento emocional constante reportaron menor dolor y una recuperación más eficiente, reflejada en una reducción notable del tiempo de estancia hospitalaria y en el plazo para retomar sus actividades habituales. Estos hallazgos destacan la importancia de incorporar estrategias de acompañamiento afectivo en el cuidado postoperatorio para optimizar los resultados clínicos y mejorar la experiencia del paciente, sugiriendo la necesidad de realizar investigaciones adicionales con muestras más amplias y metodologías estandarizadas para validar y ampliar estos resultados. Palabras claves: Apoyo emocional, recuperación postquirúrgica, percepción del dolor, adaptación psicológica, optimización de resultados clínicos. ABSTRACT This study analyzes the impact of emotional support on the recovery of post-surgical patients, exploring how the quality of this support influences the healing process. The main objective was to evaluate the relationship between emotional support and recovery, using surveys, patient interviews and analysis of clinical records. The results showed that a higher level of emotional support is associated with a significant decrease in pain perception, faster recovery and better psychological adaptation. Those patients who had constant emotional monitoring reported less pain and a more efficient recovery, reflected in a notable reduction in the length of hospital stay and the time to return to their usual activities. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating affective support strategies in postoperative care to optimize clinical outcomes and improve the patient experience, suggesting the need for additional research with larger samples and standardized methodologies to validate and expand these results. Keywords: Emotional support, post-surgical recovery, pain perception, psychological adaptation, optimization of clinical results. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/526 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 414-431 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 414-431 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/526/872 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/526/873 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/527 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Educational inclusion through universal design: overcoming barriers for students with learning difficulties Inclusión educativa a través del diseño universal: superando barreras para estudiantes con dificultades de aprendizaje Choez-Aranea, Jimmy Javier Espinoza-Morán, Mary Elena González-Ortega, Ruby Ligia Pacheco-Chasipanta, Vanesa Fernanda Inclusión educativa, Diseño Universal, Dificultades del Aprendizaje Educational inclusion, Universal Design, Learning difficulties This chapter explores educational inclusion through Universal Design for Learning (UDL), highlighting its importance in overcoming the barriers faced by students with learning difficulties. The core principles of UDL and their practical application in the classroom will be reviewed, providing concrete examples and effective strategies. In addition, common barriers will be identified and analyzed, and UDL-based strategies to improve access and participation will be presented. The importance of collaboration among educators to enhance the implementation of UDL will also be highlighted. The chapter concludes with reflections on the benefits and positive impact of UDL on the educational community. Keywords: Educational inclusion, Universal Design, Learning difficulties. Este capítulo explora la inclusión educativa a través del Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA), destacando su importancia para superar las barreras que enfrentan los estudiantes con dificultades de aprendizaje. Se revisarán los principios fundamentales del DUA y su aplicación práctica en el aula, proporcionando ejemplos concretos y estrategias efectivas. Además, se identificarán y analizarán las barreras comunes, y se presentarán estrategias basadas en el DUA para mejorar el acceso y la participación. También se subrayará la importancia de la colaboración entre educadores para potenciar la implementación del DUA. El capítulo concluye con reflexiones sobre los beneficios y el impacto positivo del DUA en la comunidad educativa. Palabras claves: Inclusión educativa, Diseño Universal, Dificultades del Aprendizaje. ABSTRACT This chapter explores educational inclusion through Universal Design for Learning (UDL), highlighting its importance in overcoming the barriers faced by students with learning difficulties. The core principles of UDL and their practical application in the classroom will be reviewed, providing concrete examples and effective strategies. In addition, common barriers will be identified and analyzed, and UDL-based strategies to improve access and participation will be presented. The importance of collaboration among educators to enhance the implementation of UDL will also be highlighted. The chapter concludes with reflections on the benefits and positive impact of UDL on the educational community. Keywords: Educational inclusion, Universal Design, Learning difficulties. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/527 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 432-450 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 432-450 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/527/874 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/527/875 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/528 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Social Work and Disability: Impact of the Intervention at the Colón Vive Foundation Trabajo Social y Discapacidad: Impacto de la Intervención en la Fundación Colón Vive Cantos-Mosquera, Hecny Gissella Discapacidad, intervención, trabajador social Disability, intervention, social worker People with disabilities, despite being a priority group in Ecuador, experience socioeconomic and health difficulties, even more so if they are located in socially marginalized urban areas, affecting their quality of life. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of the social worker's intervention on people with disabilities at the Fundación Colón Vive in Portoviejo, Ecuador. In this sense, the approach used was qualitative-quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional, applying the interview to the social worker and the survey to a sample of 32 users who are part of this non-governmental organization. The main results demonstrate that the intervention process by the professional is diagnosis, planning, execution, monitoring and evaluation; Furthermore, 87.5% of people with disabilities as a result of social intervention have had a very high impact, specifically in their personal development with 59.4%, strengthening of self-esteem in 21.9% and social interaction with 12.5%. In short, the intervention of the social worker significantly impacts the quality of life of people with disabilities because through the methodological process carried out, social and personal aspects have improved. Keywords: Disability, intervention, social worker. Las personas con discapacidad a pesar de ser un grupo prioritario en el Ecuador atraviesan dificultades socioeconómicas y de salud, más aún si se encuentran radicados en zonas urbanas socialmente marginadas, afectándoles a su calidad de vida. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el impacto de la intervención del trabajador social en las personas con discapacidad de la Fundación Colón Vive en Portoviejo, Ecuador. En este sentido, el enfoque utilizado fue cuali-cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y corte transversal, aplicando la entrevista a la trabajadora social y la encuesta a una muestra de 32 usuarios que son parte de esta organización no gubernamental. Los principales resultados demuestran que, el proceso de intervención por parte de la profesional es el diagnóstico, planeación, ejecución, seguimiento y evaluación; además que el 87,5% de las personas con discapacidad a raíz de la intervención social han tenido un impacto muy alto, específicamente en su desarrollo personal con un 59,4%, fortalecimiento de la autoestima en un 21,9% e interacción social con un 12,5%. En definitiva, la intervención del trabajador social impacta de manera significativa en la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad porque mediante el proceso metodológico ejecutado han mejorado aspectos sociales y personales. Palabras claves: Discapacidad, intervención, trabajador social. ABSTRACT People with disabilities, despite being a priority group in Ecuador, experience socioeconomic and health difficulties, even more so if they are located in socially marginalized urban areas, affecting their quality of life. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of the social worker's intervention on people with disabilities at the Fundación Colón Vive in Portoviejo, Ecuador. In this sense, the approach used was qualitative-quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional, applying the interview to the social worker and the survey to a sample of 32 users who are part of this non-governmental organization. The main results demonstrate that the intervention process by the professional is diagnosis, planning, execution, monitoring and evaluation; Furthermore, 87.5% of people with disabilities as a result of social intervention have had a very high impact, specifically in their personal development with 59.4%, strengthening of self-esteem in 21.9% and social interaction with 12.5%. In short, the intervention of the social worker significantly impacts the quality of life of people with disabilities because through the methodological process carried out, social and personal aspects have improved. Keywords: Disability, intervention, social worker. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/528 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 451-463 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 451-463 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/528/876 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/528/877 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/529 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Analogies of Impossibility: From Aristotle's Principle of Non-Contradiction to Heisenberg's Indeterminacy Analogías de la Imposibilidad: Del Principio de No Contradicción Aristotélico a la Indeterminación de Heisenberg Varas-Violante, Voltar Díaz-Pucce, Norberto Segundo Principio de no contradicción, indeterminismo, comportamiento humano, analogía non contradiction principles, indeterminism, human behavior, analogy This essay explores the possible application in behavior area of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle which states that conjugate quantities such as the position and momentum of a particle cannot be accurately measured simultaneously in the context of human behavior. It is argued that this quantum principle can be a useful analogy for understanding anxiety and decision-making in situations of uncertainty. It analyzes how the interruption of plans and expectations generates anxiety, an emotional state that reflects our reaction to uncertainty. The text also reviews the philosophical contributions of Aristotle, Schrodinger and others showing how their ideas about the nature of knowledge and human behavior align with quantum principles. Deliberation and prudence key concepts in Aristotelian philosophy stand out as essential tools for managing uncertainty in decision-making. Keywords: non contradiction principles, indeterminism, human behavior, analogy. El presente ensayo explora una posible aplicación en la comprensión del comportamiento humano mediante el principio de incertidumbre de Heisenberg, que establece que no se pueden medir simultáneamente con precisión magnitudes conjugadas como la posición y el momento de una partícula, en el contexto del comportamiento humano. Se argumenta que este principio cuántico puede ser una analogía útil para entender la ansiedad y la toma de decisiones en situaciones de incertidumbre. Se analiza cómo la interrupción de planes y expectativas genera ansiedad, un estado emocional que refleja nuestra reacción ante la incertidumbre. El texto también revisa las contribuciones filosóficas de Aristóteles, Schrodinger y otros, mostrando cómo sus ideas sobre la naturaleza del conocimiento y el comportamiento humano se alinean con los principios cuánticos. La deliberación y la prudencia, conceptos clave en la filosofía aristotélica, se destacan como herramientas esenciales para manejar la incertidumbre en la toma de decisiones. Palabras claves: Principio de no contradicción, indeterminismo, comportamiento humano, analogía. ABSTRACT This essay explores the possible application in behavior area of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle which states that conjugate quantities such as the position and momentum of a particle cannot be accurately measured simultaneously in the context of human behavior. It is argued that this quantum principle can be a useful analogy for understanding anxiety and decision-making in situations of uncertainty. It analyzes how the interruption of plans and expectations generates anxiety, an emotional state that reflects our reaction to uncertainty. The text also reviews the philosophical contributions of Aristotle, Schrodinger and others showing how their ideas about the nature of knowledge and human behavior align with quantum principles. Deliberation and prudence key concepts in Aristotelian philosophy stand out as essential tools for managing uncertainty in decision-making. Keywords: non contradiction principles, indeterminism, human behavior, analogy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/529 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 464-479 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 464-479 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/529/878 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/529/879 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/530 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

The challenges of ICT to improve teaching at the higher basic education level Los desafíos de las TICS para mejorar la enseñanza del nivel de educación básica superior Villao-Figueroa, César Alcides Taro, Joseph TIC, Desafíos, Proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, Educación Básica ICT, Challenges, teaching-learning process, Basic Education The purpose of this study was to identify these challenges by evaluating the use of ICT and its impact on teaching and learning. The methodology combined quantitative and qualitative approaches with a non-experimental design and an exploratory scope. Surveys were conducted with 87 higher basic education students, and interviews were held with 12 teachers to gain a comprehensive understanding of the research subject. The findings revealed that, although ICT can facilitate communication and collaboration, significant limitations exist in access and training. Most students reported limited access to technology and perceived its impact on learning as minimal. Teachers also highlighted inadequate training and infrastructure issues. The evaluation tools identified a lack of proper equipment and insufficient training as major barriers. Proposed solutions include implementing a thorough diagnostic to identify critical areas, improving technological infrastructure, and developing continuous training programs for teachers. These measures aim to overcome current limitations and leverage ICT's potential to provide more equitable and high-quality education, underscoring the study's relevance. Keywords: ICT, Challenges, teaching-learning process, Basic Education. El presente estudio tuvo como propósito identificar estos desafíos, evaluando el uso de las TIC y su impacto en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. La metodología empleada combinó enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos, un diseño no experimental con un alcance exploratorio. Se realizaron encuestas a 87 estudiantes del nivel básico superior y entrevistas a 12 docentes para obtener una visión completa de la situación objeto de la investigación. Los resultados evidenciaron que, aunque las TIC pueden facilitar la comunicación y colaboración, existen limitaciones significativas en el acceso y la capacitación. La mayoría de los estudiantes manifestó un acceso limitado a las tecnologías y una percepción baja de su impacto en el aprendizaje. Los docentes también indicaron insuficiencia en la formación y problemas de infraestructura. Los instrumentos de evaluación revelaron una falta de equipamiento adecuado y capacitación insuficiente como barreras principales. Las soluciones propuestas incluyen la implementación de un diagnóstico exhaustivo para identificar áreas críticas, la mejora en la infraestructura tecnológica y el desarrollo de programas de capacitación continua para docentes. Estas medidas buscan superar las limitaciones actuales y aprovechar el potencial de las TIC para ofrecer una educación más equitativa y de calidad como parte de la pertinencia del estudio. Palabras claves: TIC, Desafíos, Proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, Educación Básica. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to identify these challenges by evaluating the use of ICT and its impact on teaching and learning. The methodology combined quantitative and qualitative approaches with a non-experimental design and an exploratory scope. Surveys were conducted with 87 higher basic education students, and interviews were held with 12 teachers to gain a comprehensive understanding of the research subject. The findings revealed that, although ICT can facilitate communication and collaboration, significant limitations exist in access and training. Most students reported limited access to technology and perceived its impact on learning as minimal. Teachers also highlighted inadequate training and infrastructure issues. The evaluation tools identified a lack of proper equipment and insufficient training as major barriers. Proposed solutions include implementing a thorough diagnostic to identify critical areas, improving technological infrastructure, and developing continuous training programs for teachers. These measures aim to overcome current limitations and leverage ICT's potential to provide more equitable and high-quality education, underscoring the study's relevance. Keywords: ICT, Challenges, teaching-learning process, Basic Education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/530 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 480-500 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 480-500 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/530/880 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/530/881 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/531 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Virtual tutors and their impact on educational inclusion Tutores virtuales y su impacto en la inclusión educativa Pinargote-Macias, Sandra Yadira Jaramillo-Simbaña, Raquel Magali Flores-Romero, Karina Mero-Delgado, Laura Jessenia Tutores virtuales, inclusión educativa Virtual tutors, educational inclusion This study evaluated the impact of virtual tutors on the educational inclusion of university students. It sought to determine whether these technological tools can improve academic performance and promote a more inclusive education. The research was quantitative, descriptive and correlational, with a sample of 9 teachers and 9 students from three university institutions; the selected students were in their first semester and had learning difficulties. Two questionnaires were applied, one to teachers and the other to students. The results showed a moderate positive correlation between their perceptions, highlighting the effectiveness of virtual tutors in creating a more inclusive learning environment adapted to individual needs. These findings suggest that virtual tutors can be a key tool to improve educational inclusion and offer personalized support to students. Keywords: Virtual tutors, educational inclusion. Este estudio evaluó el impacto de los tutores virtuales en la inclusión educativa de estudiantes universitarios. Se buscó determinar si estas herramientas tecnológicas pueden mejorar el rendimiento académico y promover una educación más inclusiva. La investigación fue cuantitativa, descriptiva y correlacional, con una muestra de 9 docentes y 9 estudiantes de tres instituciones universitarias; los estudiantes seleccionados cursaban el primer semestre y tenían dificultades de aprendizaje. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios, uno a docentes y el otro a estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron una correlación positiva moderada entre sus percepciones, destacando la efectividad de los tutores virtuales en crear un entorno de aprendizaje más inclusivo y adaptado a las necesidades individuales. Estos hallazgos sugieren que los tutores virtuales pueden ser una herramienta clave para mejorar la inclusión educativa y ofrecer un apoyo personalizado a los estudiantes. Palabras claves: Tutores virtuales, inclusión educativa. ABSTRACT This study evaluated the impact of virtual tutors on the educational inclusion of university students. It sought to determine whether these technological tools can improve academic performance and promote a more inclusive education. The research was quantitative, descriptive and correlational, with a sample of 9 teachers and 9 students from three university institutions; the selected students were in their first semester and had learning difficulties. Two questionnaires were applied, one to teachers and the other to students. The results showed a moderate positive correlation between their perceptions, highlighting the effectiveness of virtual tutors in creating a more inclusive learning environment adapted to individual needs. These findings suggest that virtual tutors can be a key tool to improve educational inclusion and offer personalized support to students. Keywords: Virtual tutors, educational inclusion. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/531 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 501-519 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 501-519 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/531/882 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/531/883 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/532 2025-07-17T22:58:26Z hexaciencias:ART

Microenterprise Management and Tax Compliance Gestión Microempresarial y cumplimiento tributario Rojas-Salvatierra, Wellington Chiriboga-Mendoza, Fidel Ricardo Zambrano-Pilay, Enrique Cristóbal Gestión tributaria, Microempresas, economía Tax management, Microenterprises, economy Tax management is a fundamental aspect for the viability and sustainability of microenterprises in the business market. In an increasingly complex economic and regulatory environment, compliance with tax obligations can represent a significant challenge for these entities, which often operate with limited resources and face a number of competitive pressures. In this context, it is important to understand how microenterprises manage their tax compliance and how these practices impact their operation and sustainability in the market. This paper examines how microenterprises manage their tax compliance and how this influences their functioning and sustainability in the market. Using a mixed methodological approach that integrates qualitative and quantitative methods, the relationship between microenterprise management and tax compliance is investigated. A review of the literature on the topic was carried out, along with the application of surveys to a representative sample of microenterprises to understand their practices and experiences in tax matters. The results highlight the critical importance of sustainable and proactive tax management to ensure the long-term sustainability of microenterprises in the market. Keywords: Tax management, Microenterprises, economy. La gestión tributaria es un aspecto fundamental para la viabilidad y sostenibilidad de las microempresas en el mercado empresarial. En un entorno económico y regulatorio cada vez más complejo, el cumplimiento de las obligaciones fiscales puede representar un desafío significativo para estas entidades, que a menudo operan con recursos limitados y enfrentan una serie de presiones competitivas. En este contexto, es importante comprender cómo las microempresas gestionan su cumplimiento tributario y cómo estas prácticas impactan en su operación y sostenibilidad en el mercado. Este documento examina cómo las microempresas manejan su cumplimiento tributario y cómo esto influye en su funcionamiento y sostenibilidad en el mercado. Utilizando un enfoque metodológico mixto que integra métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, se investiga la relación entre la gestión microempresarial y el cumplimiento tributario. Se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema, junto con la aplicación de encuestas a una muestra representativa de microempresas para entender sus prácticas y experiencias en materia tributaria. Los resultados resaltan la importancia crítica de una gestión tributaria sostenible y proactiva para asegurar la sostenibilidad a largo plazo de las microempresas en el mercado. Palabras claves: Gestión tributaria, Microempresas, economía. ABSTRACT Tax management is a fundamental aspect for the viability and sustainability of microenterprises in the business market. In an increasingly complex economic and regulatory environment, compliance with tax obligations can represent a significant challenge for these entities, which often operate with limited resources and face a number of competitive pressures. In this context, it is important to understand how microenterprises manage their tax compliance and how these practices impact their operation and sustainability in the market. This paper examines how microenterprises manage their tax compliance and how this influences their functioning and sustainability in the market. Using a mixed methodological approach that integrates qualitative and quantitative methods, the relationship between microenterprise management and tax compliance is investigated. A review of the literature on the topic was carried out, along with the application of surveys to a representative sample of microenterprises to understand their practices and experiences in tax matters. The results highlight the critical importance of sustainable and proactive tax management to ensure the long-term sustainability of microenterprises in the market. Keywords: Tax management, Microenterprises, economy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de septiembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/532 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 520-541 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 520-541 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/532/884 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/532/885 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/689 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Family orientation strategy to promote vertical birth in pregnant women at the Jama Health Center Estrategia de orientación familiar para promover el parto vertical en mujeres embarazadas del Centro de Salud Jama Sisalema-Troya, Rosa Paulina Cevallos-Sánchez, Herman Arnulfo parto vertical, mujeres embarazadas, primigestas, maternal, neonatal vertical birth, pregnant women, primigravid, maternal, neonatal Vertical birth, an ancient practice used in various cultures before the medicalization of obstetric care, has regained relevance in contemporary medicine due to its multiple benefits for maternal and neonatal health. In this method, the woman assumes a position that utilizes gravity to facilitate fetal expulsion. The general objective of this study was to design and implement a family orientation strategy to promote vertical birth as a viable and beneficial option for primigravid women receiving care at the Jama Health Center in Manabí province. The study followed a mixed-methods research approach, including a literature review to identify barriers and facilitators of vertical birth, as well as effective strategies for its promotion in similar contexts. Subsequently, in-depth surveys and focus groups were conducted with pregnant women attending the Jama Health Center, alongside interviews with healthcare professionals involved in childbirth care. The study population consisted of 145 pregnant women visiting the center, from which a random sample of 12 primigravid women was selected. The results revealed limited knowledge about vertical birth among the surveyed women, influencing their partial acceptance of this alternative. The lack of accessible information and the influence of sociocultural factors represented significant barriers. In contrast, healthcare personnel recognized its benefits, such as reducing medical interventions and improving maternal recovery. Keywords: vertical birth, pregnant women, primigravid, maternal, neonatal. El parto vertical, una práctica milenaria utilizada en diversas culturas antes de la medicalización de la atención obstétrica, retomó relevancia en la medicina contemporánea debido a sus múltiples beneficios para la salud materna y neonatal. En esta modalidad, la mujer adoptaba una posición que aprovechaba la fuerza de gravedad para favorecer la expulsión fetal. El objetivo general de este estudio fue diseñar e implementar una estrategia de orientación familiar que promoviera el parto vertical como una opción viable y beneficiosa para las mujeres primigestas atendidas en el Centro de Salud Jama, provincia de Manabí. El estudio se enmarcó en una investigación mixta donde se realizó una revisión de la literatura para identificar las barreras y facilitadores del parto vertical, así como las estrategias efectivas para su promoción en contextos similares. Posteriormente, se llevaron a cabo encuestas en profundidad y grupos focales con mujeres embarazadas que asistían al Centro de Salud Jama, además de entrevistas con profesionales de la salud involucrados en la atención al parto. La población estudiada estuvo conformada por 145 mujeres embarazadas que acudían a dicho centro, de las cuales se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria de 12 mujeres primigestas. Los resultados reflejaron un conocimiento limitado sobre el parto vertical entre las mujeres encuestadas, lo que influyó en su aceptación parcial de esta alternativa. La falta de información accesible y la influencia de factores socioculturales representaron barreras significativas. En contraste, el personal de salud reconoció sus beneficios, como la reducción de intervenciones médicas y una mejor recuperación materna. Palabras claves: parto vertical, mujeres embarazadas, primigestas, maternal, neonatal. ABSTRACT Vertical birth, an ancient practice used in various cultures before the medicalization of obstetric care, has regained relevance in contemporary medicine due to its multiple benefits for maternal and neonatal health. In this method, the woman assumes a position that utilizes gravity to facilitate fetal expulsion. The general objective of this study was to design and implement a family orientation strategy to promote vertical birth as a viable and beneficial option for primigravid women receiving care at the Jama Health Center in Manabí province. The study followed a mixed-methods research approach, including a literature review to identify barriers and facilitators of vertical birth, as well as effective strategies for its promotion in similar contexts. Subsequently, in-depth surveys and focus groups were conducted with pregnant women attending the Jama Health Center, alongside interviews with healthcare professionals involved in childbirth care. The study population consisted of 145 pregnant women visiting the center, from which a random sample of 12 primigravid women was selected. The results revealed limited knowledge about vertical birth among the surveyed women, influencing their partial acceptance of this alternative. The lack of accessible information and the influence of sociocultural factors represented significant barriers. In contrast, healthcare personnel recognized its benefits, such as reducing medical interventions and improving maternal recovery. Keywords: vertical birth, pregnant women, primigravid, maternal, neonatal. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 17 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/689 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-22 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-22 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/689/1121 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/689/1122 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/690 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Effects of Mindfulness on Foreign Language Anxiety in Preadolescents Efectos del Mindfulness o atención plena en la ansiedad lingüística de un idioma extranjero en preadolescentes Vera-Estrada, Maricela Annabel Vargas-Sola, Josselyn Paola atención plena, ansiedad lingüística, regulación emocional, aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera mindfulness, foreign language anxiety, emotional regulation, EFL learning This study examines the degree of anxiety related to foreign languages in children of seventh grade with ages between 11 and 12 years old and the benefits of mindfulness exercises in reducing of the anxiety. The Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) modified with a five points Likert scale (Never, Rarely, Sometimes, Often, Always), was used to collect data from a sample of 88 students selected from a population of 113 using a quantitative, correlational study approach. Anxiety levels in students who regularly participate in mindfulness practice and those who do not were to be compared in this study. Results showed the impact of mindfulness in early adolescence around the scholar environment, especially about production skills and the linguistic anxiety that students face. A meaningful number of students that applied mindfulness showed a considerable management of anxiety in contrast to students that didn’t practice any mindfulness techniques. Keywords: mindfulness, foreign language anxiety, emotional regulation, EFL learning. El presente estudio examina el grado de ansiedad relacionada con los idiomas extranjeros en niños de séptimo grado con edades entre 11 y 12 años y los beneficios de los ejercicios de mindfulness en la reducción de la ansiedad. Se aplica un test basado en la Escala de Ansiedad en el Aula de Lenguas Extranjeras (FLCAS), modificada, con una escala Likert de cinco puntos (Nunca, Rara vez, A veces, A menudo, Siempre), esta se utilizó para recopilar datos de una muestra de 88 estudiantes seleccionados de una población de 113 utilizando un enfoque de estudio cuantitativo y correlacional, estableciendo una diferencia entre los niveles de ansiedad en los estudiantes que participaron regularmente en ejercicios de mindfulness y aquellos que no lo hicieron. Los resultados mostraron el impacto de la atención plena en la preadolescencia en el entorno escolar, especialmente en relación con las habilidades de producción y la ansiedad lingüística que enfrentan los estudiantes. Un número significativo de estudiantes que aplicaron mindfulness mostraron un manejo considerable de la ansiedad en contraste con los estudiantes que no practicaron ninguna técnica de mindfulness. Palabras claves: atención plena, ansiedad lingüística, regulación emocional, aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera. ABSTRACT This study examines the degree of anxiety related to foreign languages in children of seventh grade with ages between 11 and 12 years old and the benefits of mindfulness exercises in reducing of the anxiety. The Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) modified with a five points Likert scale (Never, Rarely, Sometimes, Often, Always), was used to collect data from a sample of 88 students selected from a population of 113 using a quantitative, correlational study approach. Anxiety levels in students who regularly participate in mindfulness practice and those who do not were to be compared in this study. Results showed the impact of mindfulness in early adolescence around the scholar environment, especially about production skills and the linguistic anxiety that students face. A meaningful number of students that applied mindfulness showed a considerable management of anxiety in contrast to students that didn’t practice any mindfulness techniques. Keywords: mindfulness, foreign language anxiety, emotional regulation, EFL learning. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 08 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 09 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/690 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 23-32 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 23-32 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/690/1123 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/690/1124 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/691 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Protecting workers' labor rights in the digital economy: challenges in Ecuador Protección de los derechos laborales de los trabajadores en la economía digital: retos y desafíos en el Ecuador Alcívar-Quijano, María José Navarrete-Ballen, Eriko Teobaldo Economía digital, derechos laborales, trabajo en plataformas, legislación comparativa, Ecuador Digital economy, labor rights, platform work, comparative legislation, Ecuador The digital economy is changing the way we work and has brought with it new types of employment that do not always fit with traditional labor laws. This article reviews how workers' rights are protected in Ecuador in relation to digital platforms and compares it with the laws of countries such as Spain, France, and Colombia. The research is based on an analysis of both national and international laws. The conclusion is that Ecuador does not have specific legislation regulating these new digital jobs, unlike other nations that have already made significant changes. Some recommendations are also offered for creating public policies that ensure good working conditions in the digital environment. Keywords: Digital economy, labor rights, platform work, comparative legislation, Ecuador. La economía digital está cambiando la manera en que trabajamos y ha traído consigo nuevos tipos de empleo que no siempre encajan con las leyes laborales tradicionales. Este artículo revisa cómo están protegidos los derechos de los trabajadores en Ecuador en relación con las plataformas digitales, y lo compara con las leyes de países como España, Francia y Colombia. La investigación se basa en un análisis de leyes tanto nacionales como internacionales. La conclusión es que Ecuador no tiene una legislación específica que regule estos nuevos trabajos digitales, a diferencia de otras naciones que ya han hecho cambios importantes. También se ofrecen algunas recomendaciones para crear políticas públicas que aseguren buenas condiciones laborales en el entorno digital. Palabras claves: Economía digital, derechos laborales, trabajo en plataformas, legislación comparativa, Ecuador. ABSTRACT The digital economy is changing the way we work and has brought with it new types of employment that do not always fit with traditional labor laws. This article reviews how workers' rights are protected in Ecuador in relation to digital platforms and compares it with the laws of countries such as Spain, France, and Colombia. The research is based on an analysis of both national and international laws. The conclusion is that Ecuador does not have specific legislation regulating these new digital jobs, unlike other nations that have already made significant changes. Some recommendations are also offered for creating public policies that ensure good working conditions in the digital environment. Keywords: Digital economy, labor rights, platform work, comparative legislation, Ecuador. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 03 de marzo de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 28 de mayo de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/691 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 33-49 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 33-49 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/691/1125 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/691/1126 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/692 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Production of multimedia content through Artificial Intelligence: Educommunication Producción de contenido multimedia a través de Inteligencia Artificial: Educomunicación Arboleda-Sánchez, Genesis Arly Echeverría-Maggi, David Xavier inteligencia artificial, educomunicación, tecnología educativa, contenidos multimedia, aprendizaje inclusivo artificial intelligence, educommunication, educational technology, multimedia content, inclusive learning This research analyses the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in the production of educommunicative content and its impact on teaching and the teaching-learning process. A mixed methodology was applied, through surveys of 32 teachers in Machala (UTMACH and UE ‘Eloy Alfaro’) and interviews with three experts in educommunication. The quantitative results reveal that 81% of teachers have used AI to develop content, using tools such as ChatGPT, Canva and AI video editors. Seventy-two percent consider it a very useful tool and 94% highlight its contribution to accessibility. The main advantages mentioned include personalisation, efficiency and support for learners with disabilities. However, limitations related to the lack of trained staff (41%) and ethical concerns are identified. The qualitative interviews allowed for an in-depth analysis of the strategic use of AI, highlighting its usefulness in educational planning and in the creative production of audiovisual materials. The experts agreed on the need for continuous teacher training, an ethical approach and a constructivist and transmedia pedagogical orientation. In conclusion, AI, used responsibly, can enrich education and facilitate more meaningful learning than traditional content. Keywords: artificial intelligence, educommunication, educational technology, multimedia content, inclusive learning. Esta investigación analiza el potencial de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la producción de contenidos educomunicativos y su impacto en la docencia y el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se aplicó una metodología mixta, mediante encuestas a 32 docentes de Machala (UTMACH y UE “Eloy Alfaro”) y entrevistas a tres expertos en educomunicación. Los resultados cuantitativos revelan que el 81 % de los docentes ha utilizado IA para elaborar contenidos, empleando herramientas como ChatGPT, Canva y editores de video con IA. El 72 % la considera una herramienta muy útil y el 94 % destaca su contribución a la accesibilidad. Entre las principales ventajas mencionadas figuran la personalización, la eficiencia y el apoyo a estudiantes con discapacidad. No obstante, se identifican limitaciones relacionadas con la falta de personal capacitado (41 %) y preocupaciones éticas. Las entrevistas cualitativas permitieron profundizar en el uso estratégico de la IA, resaltando su utilidad en la planificación docente y en la producción creativa de materiales audiovisuales. Los expertos coincidieron en la necesidad de una formación docente continua, un enfoque ético y una orientación pedagógica constructivista y transmedia. En conclusión, la IA, utilizada de manera responsable, puede enriquecer la educación y facilitar aprendizajes más significativos que los contenidos tradicionales. Palabras claves: inteligencia artificial, educomunicación, tecnología educativa, contenidos multimedia, aprendizaje inclusivo. ABSTRACT This research analyses the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in the production of educommunicative content and its impact on teaching and the teaching-learning process. A mixed methodology was applied, through surveys of 32 teachers in Machala (UTMACH and UE ‘Eloy Alfaro’) and interviews with three experts in educommunication. The quantitative results reveal that 81% of teachers have used AI to develop content, using tools such as ChatGPT, Canva and AI video editors. Seventy-two percent consider it a very useful tool and 94% highlight its contribution to accessibility. The main advantages mentioned include personalisation, efficiency and support for learners with disabilities. However, limitations related to the lack of trained staff (41%) and ethical concerns are identified. The qualitative interviews allowed for an in-depth analysis of the strategic use of AI, highlighting its usefulness in educational planning and in the creative production of audiovisual materials. The experts agreed on the need for continuous teacher training, an ethical approach and a constructivist and transmedia pedagogical orientation. In conclusion, AI, used responsibly, can enrich education and facilitate more meaningful learning than traditional content. Keywords: artificial intelligence, educommunication, educational technology, multimedia content, inclusive learning. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 19 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/692 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 50-74 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 50-74 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/692/1127 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/692/1128 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/693 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Prenatal education and psychoprophylaxis in free-position childbirth: approach to a natural and conscious birth Educación prenatal y psicoprofilaxis en el parto en libre posición: enfoque para un nacimiento natural y consciente Palacios-Moreira, Vanessa Del Rocío Jalil-Vélez, Nadya Judafeet Educación prenatal, Parto humanizado, Psicoprofilaxis obstétrica, gestantes, Nacimiento natural Prenatal education, Humanized childbirth, Obstetric psychoprophylaxis, pregnant women, Natural birth Humanized childbirth is an approach that prioritizes women's autonomy and dignity during childbirth, promoting their active participation and decision-making in an emotionally supportive environment. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) notes that interculturalism in health seeks to integrate traditional and conventional practices, which has influenced the evolution of childbirth worldwide, especially in Europe and Latin America. The Ministry of Public Health (MSP) emphasizes that humanized childbirth involves an exchange of knowledge based on experience to ensure a respectful birth. However, cultural barriers and access to health services persist that hinder its implementation. This natural method, free of pharmacological interventions, allows pregnant women to regain control over their bodies and redefine the birth experience, minimizing fetal distress. In response to the need to strengthen female agency in this process, humanized childbirth has become an alternative that promotes a positive motherhood experience, based on respect for the rights and beliefs of every woman. Keywords: Prenatal education, Humanized childbirth, Obstetric psychoprophylaxis, pregnant women, Natural birth. El parto humanizado es un enfoque que privilegia la autonomía y dignidad de la mujer durante el alumbramiento, promoviendo su participación activa y toma de decisiones en un ambiente de apoyo emocional. La Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) señala que la interculturalidad en la salud busca integrar prácticas tradicionales y convencionales, lo que ha influido en la evolución del parto a nivel mundial, especialmente en Europa y Latinoamérica. El Ministerio de Salud Pública (MSP) destaca que el parto humanizado implica un intercambio de saberes basados en la experiencia para garantizar un nacimiento respetado. No obstante, persisten barreras culturales y de acceso a los servicios de salud que dificultan su implementación. Este método natural, libre de intervenciones farmacológicas, permite a la gestante recuperar el control sobre su cuerpo y redefinir la experiencia del parto, minimizando el sufrimiento fetal. En respuesta a la necesidad de reforzar el protagonismo femenino en este proceso, el parto humanizado se ha convertido en una alternativa que favorece una experiencia de maternidad positiva, basada en el respeto a los derechos y creencias de cada mujer. Palabras claves: Educación prenatal, Parto humanizado, Psicoprofilaxis obstétrica, gestantes, Nacimiento natural. ABSTRACT Humanized childbirth is an approach that prioritizes women's autonomy and dignity during childbirth, promoting their active participation and decision-making in an emotionally supportive environment. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) notes that interculturalism in health seeks to integrate traditional and conventional practices, which has influenced the evolution of childbirth worldwide, especially in Europe and Latin America. The Ministry of Public Health (MSP) emphasizes that humanized childbirth involves an exchange of knowledge based on experience to ensure a respectful birth. However, cultural barriers and access to health services persist that hinder its implementation. This natural method, free of pharmacological interventions, allows pregnant women to regain control over their bodies and redefine the birth experience, minimizing fetal distress. In response to the need to strengthen female agency in this process, humanized childbirth has become an alternative that promotes a positive motherhood experience, based on respect for the rights and beliefs of every woman. Keywords: Prenatal education, Humanized childbirth, Obstetric psychoprophylaxis, pregnant women, Natural birth. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 19 de marzo de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 14 de mayo de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/693 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 75-96 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 75-96 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/693/1129 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/693/1130 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/694 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Internal Assertive Communication as a Strategy for Interpersonal Relationships in the Government of the Province of Santa Elena Comunicación asertiva interna como estrategia para las relaciones interpersonales en la Gobernación de la provincia de Santa Elena Carvajal-Perero, Jennyffer Gabriela Tusa-Jumbo, Fernanda Comunicación asertiva, relaciones interpersonales, gestión interna, clima organizacional, colaboración Assertive communication, interpersonal relationships, internal management, organizational climate, collaboration This study analyzes the impact of internal assertive communication on the interpersonal relationships of the staff at the Government of the Province of Santa Elena, Ecuador. A mixed-method approach was used, with a non-experimental and descriptive research design. Data collection included surveys applied to employees and semi-structured interviews with representatives from various areas. Quantitative results revealed deficiencies in internal communication management, such as insufficient dissemination of information on institutional decisions and a lack of adequate spaces for conflict resolution. Qualitative responses confirmed these findings, highlighting a disconnection between administrative and operational areas. However, the importance of team meetings to enhance participation and effective communication was recognized. The conclusions indicate that proper communication management is essential to improve the organizational climate, institutional commitment, and interpersonal relationships. Finally, strategies are proposed, including training in assertive communication, establishing formal communication channels, and creating spaces for conflict resolution. Keywords: Assertive communication, interpersonal relationships, internal management, organizational climate, collaboration. Este estudio analiza el impacto de la comunicación asertiva interna en las relaciones interpersonales de los colaboradores de la Gobernación de la provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador. Se utilizó un enfoque mixto de investigación, con un diseño no experimental y de alcance descriptivo. Para la recolección de datos, se aplicaron encuestas a los colaboradores y entrevistas semiestructuradas con representantes de distintas áreas. Los resultados cuantitativos revelaron deficiencias en la gestión de la comunicación interna, como la insuficiente difusión de información sobre decisiones institucionales y la falta de espacios adecuados para resolver conflictos. Las respuestas cualitativas confirmaron estos hallazgos, destacando la desconexión entre áreas administrativas y operativas. Sin embargo, se reconoció la importancia de las reuniones de equipo para fortalecer la participación y la comunicación efectiva. Las conclusiones señalan que una correcta gestión comunicacional es fundamental para mejorar el clima organizacional, el compromiso institucional y las relaciones interpersonales. Finalmente, se proponen estrategias que incluyen la capacitación en comunicación asertiva, el establecimiento de canales formales de comunicación y la creación de espacios para la resolución de conflictos. Palabras claves: Comunicación asertiva, relaciones interpersonales, gestión interna, clima organizacional, colaboración. ABSTRACT This study analyzes the impact of internal assertive communication on the interpersonal relationships of the staff at the Government of the Province of Santa Elena, Ecuador. A mixed-method approach was used, with a non-experimental and descriptive research design. Data collection included surveys applied to employees and semi-structured interviews with representatives from various areas. Quantitative results revealed deficiencies in internal communication management, such as insufficient dissemination of information on institutional decisions and a lack of adequate spaces for conflict resolution. Qualitative responses confirmed these findings, highlighting a disconnection between administrative and operational areas. However, the importance of team meetings to enhance participation and effective communication was recognized. The conclusions indicate that proper communication management is essential to improve the organizational climate, institutional commitment, and interpersonal relationships. Finally, strategies are proposed, including training in assertive communication, establishing formal communication channels, and creating spaces for conflict resolution. Keywords: Assertive communication, interpersonal relationships, internal management, organizational climate, collaboration. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 06 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/694 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 97-114 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 97-114 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/694/1131 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/694/1132 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/695 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Health communication and educommunication strategies for palliative care of older adults Estrategias de comunicación en salud y educomunicación para cuidado paliativo de los adultos mayores Quezada-Matute, Margeory Argentina Vidal-Fernández, Pablo adulto mayor, estrategias de comunicación efectiva, educomunicación, cuidados paliativos, salud older adults, effective communication strategies, educommunication, palliative care, health This article addresses the relevance of effective health communication strategies and educommunication in the context of palliative care for older adults, a constantly growing population segment. Based on a mixed approach, the research analyzes both the communicative dynamics between patients, their caregivers and the health team. The study was carried out in the El Retiro parish, El Oro, Ecuador, taking as a reference the social project for care for older adults. The findings highlight the importance of promoting frequent, meaningful and adapted communication, emphasizing the use of clear, simple, direct and verbal language as the selected medium. In addition, the crucial role of empathy and active listening is underlined in strengthening the bond between the actors involved. The implementation of training for health professionals and caregivers, together with the collaboration of community agents, is emerging as an essential strategy to guarantee the care of this vulnerable group. Keywords: older adults, effective communication strategies, educommunication, palliative care, health. El presente artículo aborda la relevancia de las estrategias efectivas de comunicación en salud y la educomunicación en el contexto del cuidado paliativo de adultos mayores, un segmento poblacional en constante crecimiento. Basándose en un enfoque mixto, la investigación analiza tanto las dinámicas comunicativas entre los pacientes, sus cuidadores y el equipo de salud, el estudio se realizó en la parroquia El Retiro, El Oro, Ecuador, tomando como referencia el proyecto social de atención al adulto mayor. Los hallazgos destacan la importancia de promover una comunicación frecuente, significativa y adaptada, enfatizando el uso de un lenguaje claro, sencillo, directo y verbal como medio seleccionado. Además, se subraya el papel crucial de la empatía y la escucha activa para fortalecer el vínculo entre los actores involucrados. La implementación de capacitaciones para profesionales de la salud y cuidadores, junto con la colaboración de agentes comunitarios, se perfila como una estrategia esencial para garantizar la atención de este grupo vulnerable. Palabras claves: adulto mayor, estrategias de comunicación efectiva, educomunicación, cuidados paliativos, salud. ABSTRACT This article addresses the relevance of effective health communication strategies and educommunication in the context of palliative care for older adults, a constantly growing population segment. Based on a mixed approach, the research analyzes both the communicative dynamics between patients, their caregivers and the health team. The study was carried out in the El Retiro parish, El Oro, Ecuador, taking as a reference the social project for care for older adults. The findings highlight the importance of promoting frequent, meaningful and adapted communication, emphasizing the use of clear, simple, direct and verbal language as the selected medium. In addition, the crucial role of empathy and active listening is underlined in strengthening the bond between the actors involved. The implementation of training for health professionals and caregivers, together with the collaboration of community agents, is emerging as an essential strategy to guarantee the care of this vulnerable group. Keywords: older adults, effective communication strategies, educommunication, palliative care, health. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de noviembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 28 de enero de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/695 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 115-144 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 115-144 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/695/1133 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/695/1134 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/696 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Teaching strategies in emotional education to promote well-being in the first year of high school Estrategias didácticas en la educación emocional para la promoción del bienestar en primero de bachillerato Peralta-Ramos, María Gabriela Vega-Intriago, Jisson Oswaldo educación emocional, bienestar, estrategias didácticas, actividades emotional education, well-being, teaching strategies, activities In the current century, the limited importance given to emotional education is a problem that may be affecting student well-being. The objective of this research was to design a teaching strategy in emotional education to promote the well-being of first-year high school students at the PCEI Alborada Educational Unit in Portoviejo canton, for the 2025-2026 period. The study focused on a mixed approach and was guided by the analysis-synthesis, inductive-deductive, and historical-logical methods. The instruments that facilitated data collection were the interview guide, questionnaire, and the TMMS-24 Test. The results determined the existence of a significant percentage of students who need to improve their perception of Emotional Intelligence. 78% of teachers stated that the well-being of certain students presents challenges. Regarding the applicability of teaching strategies for Emotional Education, group dynamics, cooperative games, dialogue circles, and reflection activities were highlighted. In conclusion, the educational activities integrated into the teaching strategy (opinion blog; video and collage; short film to work on emotions; emotional role-playing; and debate on Mindfulness techniques) were structured to contribute to Emotional Education. Keywords: emotional education, well-being, teaching strategies, activities. En el siglo actual, la limitada importancia otorgada a la educación emocional es una problemática que puede estar afectando el bienestar estudiantil. El objetivo de la investigación ha sido diseñar una estrategia didáctica en educación emocional para la promoción del bienestar de los estudiantes de primero de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa PCEI Alborada del cantón Portoviejo, período 2025-2026. El estudio se centró en el enfoque mixto y fue guiado por los métodos análisis-síntesis, inductivo-deductivo, histórico-lógico; los instrumentos que facilitaron la recopilación de información fueron la guía de entrevista, cuestionario y Test TMMS-24. Los resultados determinan la existencia de un significativo porcentaje de alumnos que deben mejorar la percepción de la Inteligencia Emocional. El 78% de los docentes afirmaron que el bienestar, de determinados estudiantes, presenta inconvenientes. Y, en cuanto a la aplicabilidad de estrategias didácticas para la Educación Emocional se destacaron las dinámicas grupales, los juegos cooperativos, el circulo de diálogo y las actividades de reflexión. En conclusión, las actividades educativas integradas en la estrategia didáctica (blog de opiniones; video y collage; cortometraje para trabajar emociones; juego de roles emocionales; y, debate sobre técnicas de Mindfulness) fueron estructuradas para contribuir en la Educación Emocional. Palabras claves: educación emocional, bienestar, estrategias didácticas, actividades. ABSTRACT In the current century, the limited importance given to emotional education is a problem that may be affecting student well-being. The objective of this research was to design a teaching strategy in emotional education to promote the well-being of first-year high school students at the PCEI Alborada Educational Unit in Portoviejo canton, for the 2025-2026 period. The study focused on a mixed approach and was guided by the analysis-synthesis, inductive-deductive, and historical-logical methods. The instruments that facilitated data collection were the interview guide, questionnaire, and the TMMS-24 Test. The results determined the existence of a significant percentage of students who need to improve their perception of Emotional Intelligence. 78% of teachers stated that the well-being of certain students presents challenges. Regarding the applicability of teaching strategies for Emotional Education, group dynamics, cooperative games, dialogue circles, and reflection activities were highlighted. In conclusion, the educational activities integrated into the teaching strategy (opinion blog; video and collage; short film to work on emotions; emotional role-playing; and debate on Mindfulness techniques) were structured to contribute to Emotional Education. Keywords: emotional education, well-being, teaching strategies, activities. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 04 de marzo de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 14 de mayo de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/696 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 145-166 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 145-166 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/696/1135 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/696/1136 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/697 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Effectiveness of virtual reality in non-pharmacological pain management during childbirth Eficacia de la realidad virtual en el manejo no farmacológico del dolor durante el parto Chicaiza-Lema, Dora Elizabeth Cambizaca-Mora, Grace del Pilar Realidad virtual, manejo del dolor, parto, analgesia no farmacológica, ansiedad materna Virtual reality, pain management, childbirth, non-pharmacological analgesia, maternal anxiety Pain management during childbirth is a challenge in modern obstetrics. While pharmacological methods, such as epidural analgesia, are effective, they can cause adverse effects and increase the medicalization of childbirth. In this context, virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an innovative alternative for pain control through cognitive distraction and sensory modulation. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of VR as a non-pharmacological method for pain management during childbirth through a systematic review of the scientific literature. A search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, and Elsevier, selecting studies published between 2019 and 2024. The results show that VR significantly reduces pain perception, decreases maternal anxiety, and improves satisfaction with the childbirth experience. Additionally, some studies suggest that it may reduce labor duration and the need for pharmacological analgesia. It is concluded that VR is a safe and effective option, although further studies are required for its large-scale clinical implementation. Keywords: Virtual reality, pain management, childbirth, non-pharmacological analgesia, maternal anxiety. El manejo del dolor durante el parto es un desafío en la obstetricia moderna. Si bien los métodos farmacológicos, como la analgesia epidural, son efectivos, pueden generar efectos adversos y aumentar la medicalización del parto. En este contexto, la realidad virtual (RV) ha surgido como una alternativa innovadora para el control del dolor mediante la distracción cognitiva y modulación sensorial. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de la RV como método no farmacológico para el manejo del dolor durante el parto mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica. Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos como PubMed, Cochrane, Dialnet, Biblioteca virtual de Salud, BMC, Medicine y Elsevier, seleccionado estudios publicados entre 2019 y 2024. Los resultados evidencien que la RV reduce significativamente la percepción del dolor, disminuyendo la ansiedad materna y mejora la satisfacción con la experiencia del parto. Además, algunos estudios sugieren que podría reducir la duración del trabajo del parto y la necesidad de analgesia farmacológica. Se concluye que la RV es una opción segura y efectiva, aunque se requiere más estudios para su implementación clínica a gran escala. Palabras claves: Realidad virtual, manejo del dolor, parto, analgesia no farmacológica, ansiedad materna. ABSTRACT Pain management during childbirth is a challenge in modern obstetrics. While pharmacological methods, such as epidural analgesia, are effective, they can cause adverse effects and increase the medicalization of childbirth. In this context, virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an innovative alternative for pain control through cognitive distraction and sensory modulation. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of VR as a non-pharmacological method for pain management during childbirth through a systematic review of the scientific literature. A search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, and Elsevier, selecting studies published between 2019 and 2024. The results show that VR significantly reduces pain perception, decreases maternal anxiety, and improves satisfaction with the childbirth experience. Additionally, some studies suggest that it may reduce labor duration and the need for pharmacological analgesia. It is concluded that VR is a safe and effective option, although further studies are required for its large-scale clinical implementation. Keywords: Virtual reality, pain management, childbirth, non-pharmacological analgesia, maternal anxiety. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 27 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 21 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/697 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 167-188 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 167-188 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/697/1137 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/697/1138 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/698 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Production of Shoots in Yellow Pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus) in the Carrizal River Valley Producción de brotes en pitahaya amarilla (Selenicereus megalanthus) en el valle del río Carrizal Zambrano-Baquerizo, Giancarlo Guillén-Mendoza, Saskia Tarazona-Meza, Néstor Producción de brotes, Pitahaya amarilla, Variables climáticas, Valle del Río Carrizal Shoot production, Yellow pitahaya, Climatic variables, Carrizal River Valley The purpose of this study was to analyze shoot generation in the yellow pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus) and its relationship to climatic conditions in the Carrizal River Valley. The study is a quantitative, descriptive, and correlational study that evaluates the soil and climate conditions of the crop. To obtain the results, a batch of individuals of the species under study was randomly selected. These individuals showed reproductive growth, along with climatic variables such as precipitation, temperatures (maximum, minimum, and average), relative humidity, and daylight saving time. The results showed that variables such as precipitation and high temperatures tend to reduce growth and limit shoot development in yellow pitahaya, with precipitation peaks greater than 100 mm and average temperatures between 25°C and 30°C. Relative humidity fluctuated between 75% and 95%, reflecting a tropical environment favorable for cultivation. Shoot production was 0 shoots indicating that the species did not show an established pattern during the period evaluated. Keywords: Shoot production, Yellow pitahaya, Climatic variables, Carrizal River Valley. El propósito del presente estudio fue analizar la generación de brotes en la pitahaya amarilla (Selenicereus megalanthus) y su vínculo con las condiciones climáticas en el Valle del Río Carrizal. El estudio corresponde a una investigación de tipo cuantitativa, descriptiva y correlacional, evaluando las condiciones edafoclimáticas del cultivo. Para la obtención de los resultados se seleccionó al azar un lote de individuos de la especie objeto de estudio, mismos individuos que presentaron un crecimiento reproductivo, junto con variables climáticas como precipitación, temperaturas (máxima, mínima y promedio), humedad relativa y heliofanía. Los resultados mostraron que las variables como la precipitación y temperaturas elevadas tienden a reducir el crecimiento y limitar el desarrollo de los brotes de pitahaya amarilla, con picos de precipitación superiores a 100 mm y temperaturas promedio entre 25 °C y 30 °C. La humedad relativa fluctuó entre 75 % y 95 %, reflejando un ambiente tropical favorable para el cultivo. La producción de brotes fue de 0 brotes indicando que la especie no mostró un patrón establecido durante el período evaluado. Palabras claves: Producción de brotes, Pitahaya amarilla, Variables climáticas, Valle del Río Carrizal. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to analyze shoot generation in the yellow pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus) and its relationship to climatic conditions in the Carrizal River Valley. The study is a quantitative, descriptive, and correlational study that evaluates the soil and climate conditions of the crop. To obtain the results, a batch of individuals of the species under study was randomly selected. These individuals showed reproductive growth, along with climatic variables such as precipitation, temperatures (maximum, minimum, and average), relative humidity, and daylight saving time. The results showed that variables such as precipitation and high temperatures tend to reduce growth and limit shoot development in yellow pitahaya, with precipitation peaks greater than 100 mm and average temperatures between 25°C and 30°C. Relative humidity fluctuated between 75% and 95%, reflecting a tropical environment favorable for cultivation. Shoot production was 0 shoots indicating that the species did not show an established pattern during the period evaluated. Keywords: Shoot production, Yellow pitahaya, Climatic variables, Carrizal River Valley. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 30 de abril de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/698 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 189-204 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 189-204 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/698/1139 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/698/1140 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/699 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Integrating digital skills into university teaching: Challenges and opportunities in the post-pandemic era Integración de competencias digitales en la docencia universitaria: Retos y oportunidades en la era post-pandémica Rivadeneyra-Martínez, Gonzalo Fabricio Ibarra-Bajaña, Jackson Enrique Tinoco-Matamoros, Katerine Elizabeth Méndez-Tinoco, Shirley Elizabeth Competencias digitales, Docencia universitaria, Post-pandemia Digital skills, University teaching, Post-pandemic The integration of digital skills into university teaching has been a key challenge in the post-pandemic era. This study analyzes the challenges and opportunities of digitalization in higher education through applied research at four public universities in Quito. A Google Forms questionnaire was used to interview 40 faculty members, selected through purposive sampling (10 per university). The results show that the pandemic accelerated the adoption of digital tools but also revealed limitations in infrastructure and teacher training. Among the main challenges identified are the digital divide, resistance to change, and the need for ongoing training. However, digitalization offers opportunities such as hybrid education, personalized learning, and access to open educational resources. It is concluded that the effective integration of digital skills requires institutional teacher training strategies and improvements in technological infrastructure, ensuring a sustainable transition toward innovative educational models. Keywords: Digital skills, University teaching, Post-pandemic. La integración de competencias digitales en la docencia universitaria ha sido un desafío clave en la era post-pandémica. Este estudio analiza los retos y oportunidades de la digitalización en la enseñanza superior mediante una investigación aplicada en cuatro universidades públicas de Quito. A través de un cuestionario en Google Forms, se entrevistó a 48 docentes, seleccionados mediante muestreo intencional (12 por universidad). Los resultados evidencian que la pandemia aceleró la adopción de herramientas digitales, pero también reveló limitaciones en infraestructura y formación docente. Entre los principales retos identificados destacan la brecha digital, la resistencia al cambio y la necesidad de capacitación continua. Sin embargo, la digitalización ofrece oportunidades como la educación híbrida, la personalización del aprendizaje y el acceso a recursos educativos abiertos. Se concluye que la integración efectiva de competencias digitales requiere estrategias institucionales de formación docente y mejoras en infraestructura tecnológica, garantizando una transición sostenible hacia modelos educativos innovadores. Palabras claves: Competencias digitales, Docencia universitaria, Post-pandemia. ABSTRACT The integration of digital skills into university teaching has been a key challenge in the post-pandemic era. This study analyzes the challenges and opportunities of digitalization in higher education through applied research at four public universities in Quito. A Google Forms questionnaire was used to interview 40 faculty members, selected through purposive sampling (10 per university). The results show that the pandemic accelerated the adoption of digital tools but also revealed limitations in infrastructure and teacher training. Among the main challenges identified are the digital divide, resistance to change, and the need for ongoing training. However, digitalization offers opportunities such as hybrid education, personalized learning, and access to open educational resources. It is concluded that the effective integration of digital skills requires institutional teacher training strategies and improvements in technological infrastructure, ensuring a sustainable transition toward innovative educational models. Keywords: Digital skills, University teaching, Post-pandemic. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 26 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/699 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 205-223 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 205-223 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/699/1141 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/699/1142 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/700 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Personalized pedagogy with artificial intelligence: A study on the impact on student performance and motivation Pedagogía personalizada con inteligencia artificial: Un estudio sobre el impacto en el rendimiento y la motivación estudiantil Ludeña-Yaguana, Jhalmar Eduardo Lozada-Monsalve, Karina Lorena Calle-Landazuri, Doris Marcela Chiza-Yamberla, Edison Javier Pedagogía personalizada, inteligencia artificial, rendimiento y motivación estudiantil Personalized pedagogy, artificial intelligence, student performance and motivation Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming education by enabling personalized learning. This article examines its impact on academic performance and student motivation in the teaching of Physics in the fourth year of high school, through a quasi-experimental study with two groups: one that used AI tools and the other that employed traditional methods. The results reflect significant improvements in students who worked with AI, highlighting an average increase of 1.5 points in their grades (8.5 vs. 7.0), a 15% reduction in errors in applied problems, greater class participation (70% vs. 50%), more persistence in the face of academic challenges (85% vs. 60%), and greater motivation for learning (80% vs. 55%). These data suggest that the integration of AI in teaching can optimize learning and strengthen students' autonomy and commitment to the subject. The conclusion of this study highlights the relevance of AI as a pedagogical tool, demonstrating that its use not only improves academic performance but also motivation and participation in the educational process. Keywords: Personalized pedagogy, artificial intelligence, student performance and motivation. La inteligencia artificial (IA) está transformando la educación al permitir un aprendizaje personalizado. Este artículo examina su impacto en el rendimiento académico y la motivación estudiantil en la enseñanza de la asignatura Física del cuarto año de bachillerato, mediante un estudio cuasi-experimental con dos grupos: uno que utilizó herramientas de IA y otro que empleó métodos tradicionales. Los resultados reflejan mejoras significativas en los estudiantes que trabajaron con IA, destacando un incremento promedio de 1.5 puntos en sus calificaciones (8.5 vs 7.0), una reducción del 15% en errores en problemas aplicados, mayor participación en clase (70% vs 50%), más persistencia ante desafíos académicos (85% vs 60%) y mayor motivación para el aprendizaje (80% vs 55%). Estos datos sugieren que la integración de IA en la enseñanza puede optimizar el aprendizaje y fortalecer la autonomía y compromiso de los estudiantes con la materia. La conclusión de este estudio destaca la relevancia de la IA como herramienta pedagógica, evidenciando que su uso no solo mejora el rendimiento académico, sino también la motivación y participación en el proceso educativo. Palabras claves: Pedagogía personalizada, inteligencia artificial, rendimiento y motivación estudiantil. ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming education by enabling personalized learning. This article examines its impact on academic performance and student motivation in the teaching of Physics in the fourth year of high school, through a quasi-experimental study with two groups: one that used AI tools and the other that employed traditional methods. The results reflect significant improvements in students who worked with AI, highlighting an average increase of 1.5 points in their grades (8.5 vs. 7.0), a 15% reduction in errors in applied problems, greater class participation (70% vs. 50%), more persistence in the face of academic challenges (85% vs. 60%), and greater motivation for learning (80% vs. 55%). These data suggest that the integration of AI in teaching can optimize learning and strengthen students' autonomy and commitment to the subject. The conclusion of this study highlights the relevance of AI as a pedagogical tool, demonstrating that its use not only improves academic performance but also motivation and participation in the educational process. Keywords: Personalized pedagogy, artificial intelligence, student performance and motivation. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 25 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/700 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 224-245 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 224-245 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/700/1143 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/700/1144 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/701 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

Pedagogical transformations in the era of artificial intelligence: challenges and opportunities for inclusive education Transformaciones pedagógicas en la era de la inteligencia artificial: retos y oportunidades para la educación inclusiva Uyaguari-Cuenca, Yenny Patricia Pacheco-Chasipanta, Vanesa Fernanda Suárez-Laurido, Carlos Alberto Contreras-Loor, Karla Maribel Transformación Pedagógica, Inteligencia Artificial, Educación Inclusiva Pedagogical Transformation, Artificial Intelligence, Inclusive Education This article analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence on teaching and learning in public schools in Ecuador. Using a quantitative and descriptive approach, it examines the adoption of AI tools by teachers and students, identifying usage trends, perceived benefits, and barriers to implementation, among others. The results show that 60% of teachers use AI frequently, while 24% use it occasionally and 16% do not use it, reflecting a combination of acceptance, exploration, and resistance. Regarding students, 83% have interacted with AI tools in the classroom, although only 36% use them consistently. Furthermore, 86% of students believe that AI contributes to educational inclusion. The research concludes that, while AI is transforming education, its adoption requires clear pedagogical strategies, teacher training, and equitable access to the technology to maximize its benefits and ensure effective integration in the classroom. Keywords: Pedagogical Transformation, Artificial Intelligence, Inclusive Education. El presente artículo analiza el impacto de la inteligencia artificial en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en escuelas públicas de Ecuador. A través de un enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo, se examina la adopción de herramientas de IA por parte de los docentes y estudiantes, identificando tendencias de uso, beneficios percibidos y barreras en su implementación, entre otros. Los resultados muestran que el 60% de los docentes utiliza IA de manera frecuente, mientras que un 24% la emplea ocasionalmente y un 16% no la usa, lo que refleja una combinación de aceptación, exploración y resistencia. En cuanto a los estudiantes, el 83% ha interactuado con herramientas de IA en el aula, aunque solo el 36% las usa constantemente. Además, el 86% de los estudiantes considera que la IA contribuye a la inclusión educativa. La investigación concluye que, si bien la IA está transformando la educación, su adopción requiere estrategias pedagógicas claras, capacitación docente y acceso equitativo a la tecnología para maximizar sus beneficios y garantizar una integración efectiva en el aula. Palabras claves: Transformación Pedagógica, Inteligencia Artificial, Educación Inclusiva. ABSTRACT This article analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence on teaching and learning in public schools in Ecuador. Using a quantitative and descriptive approach, it examines the adoption of AI tools by teachers and students, identifying usage trends, perceived benefits, and barriers to implementation, among others. The results show that 60% of teachers use AI frequently, while 24% use it occasionally and 16% do not use it, reflecting a combination of acceptance, exploration, and resistance. Regarding students, 83% have interacted with AI tools in the classroom, although only 36% use them consistently. Furthermore, 86% of students believe that AI contributes to educational inclusion. The research concludes that, while AI is transforming education, its adoption requires clear pedagogical strategies, teacher training, and equitable access to the technology to maximize its benefits and ensure effective integration in the classroom. Keywords: Pedagogical Transformation, Artificial Intelligence, Inclusive Education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/701 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 246-277 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 246-277 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/701/1145 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/701/1146 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/702 2025-07-22T15:30:44Z hexaciencias:ART

From the traditional classroom to the smart classroom: integrating artificial intelligence into emerging pedagogical models Del aula tradicional al aula inteligente: integración de la inteligencia artificial en los modelos pedagógicos emergentes Salavarría-Melo, Petita Isabel Costa-Samaniego, Cecilia del Carmen Lara, Viviana Elizabeth Calle-Landazuri, Doris Marcela Aula tradicional, Aula Inteligente, Inteligencia Artificial, Modelos Pedagógicos Emergente Traditional Classroom, Smart Classroom, Artificial Intelligence, Emerging Pedagogical Models The transition from the traditional classroom to the smart classroom represents a significant shift in emerging pedagogical models, driven by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI). Based on a theoretical review of academic sources, this research classifies the findings into three key areas: curricular adaptation, teacher-student interaction, and educational equity. AI facilitates the personalization of learning through algorithms that adjust content to individual needs, optimizing teaching. Furthermore, it transforms the teacher-student dynamic with tools that enrich communication, monitor academic performance, and increase accessibility to digital materials. In terms of educational equity, its implementation poses challenges related to the technological gap, but also opportunities to reduce inequalities in access to knowledge. The integration of these technologies demands inclusive strategies that maximize their potential without compromising educational quality. This analysis concludes that AI, used in an ethical and pedagogically conscious manner, can strengthen teaching-learning processes and redefine the role of teachers and students in the education of the future. Keywords: Traditional Classroom, Smart Classroom, Artificial Intelligence, Emerging Pedagogical Models. La transición del aula tradicional al aula inteligente representa un cambio significativo en los modelos pedagógicos emergentes, impulsado por la integración de la inteligencia artificial (IA). A partir de una revisión teórica de fuentes académicas, esta investigación clasifica los hallazgos en tres áreas clave: adaptación curricular, interacción docente-estudiante y equidad educativa. La IA facilita la personalización del aprendizaje mediante algoritmos que ajustan contenidos a las necesidades individuales, optimizando la enseñanza. Además, transforma la dinámica docente-estudiante con herramientas que enriquecen la comunicación, el seguimiento del rendimiento académico y la accesibilidad a materiales digitales. En términos de equidad educativa, su implementación plantea desafíos relacionados con la brecha tecnológica, pero también oportunidades para reducir desigualdades en el acceso al conocimiento. La integración de estas tecnologías demanda estrategias inclusivas que maximicen su potencial sin comprometer la calidad educativa. Este análisis concluye que la IA, utilizada de manera ética y pedagógicamente consciente, puede fortalecer los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y redefinir el rol de docentes y estudiantes en la educación del futuro. Palabras claves: Aula tradicional, Aula Inteligente, Inteligencia Artificial, Modelos Pedagógicos Emergente. ABSTRACT The transition from the traditional classroom to the smart classroom represents a significant shift in emerging pedagogical models, driven by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI). Based on a theoretical review of academic sources, this research classifies the findings into three key areas: curricular adaptation, teacher-student interaction, and educational equity. AI facilitates the personalization of learning through algorithms that adjust content to individual needs, optimizing teaching. Furthermore, it transforms the teacher-student dynamic with tools that enrich communication, monitor academic performance, and increase accessibility to digital materials. In terms of educational equity, its implementation poses challenges related to the technological gap, but also opportunities to reduce inequalities in access to knowledge. The integration of these technologies demands inclusive strategies that maximize their potential without compromising educational quality. This analysis concludes that AI, used in an ethical and pedagogically conscious manner, can strengthen teaching-learning processes and redefine the role of teachers and students in the education of the future. Keywords: Traditional Classroom, Smart Classroom, Artificial Intelligence, Emerging Pedagogical Models. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 25 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de julio de 2025. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2025-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/702 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 278-308 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 278-308 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/702/1147 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/702/1148 Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/939 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Teaching strategy to optimize chemistry learning in the third year of high school Estrategia didáctica para optimizar el aprendizaje de química en tercer año de bachillerato Rezabala-Zambrano, Patricio Fabian Caballero-Vera, Hernán Humberto Estrategia didáctica, optimización del aprendizaje, química, tercer año de bachillerato Didactic strategy, learning optimization, chemistry, third-year high school Learning chemistry at the high school level faces multiple challenges, including low student motivation, the perceived difficulty of the subject, and the use of traditional methodologies that limit the understanding of key concepts. This research aimed to analyze pedagogical strategies to strengthen chemistry learning among third-year high school students in parallel "A" of EPJA at Unidad Educativa San Cristóbal, Crucita extension. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design, using teacher interviews and student surveys to collect information on difficulties and current teaching strategies in chemistry. Findings revealed that 61.54% of students are not motivated by current strategies, and 80.00% face significant difficulties in key topics. Additionally, 89.23% expressed interest in integrating digital tools and interactive resources into learning. The study concludes that implementing innovative didactic strategies incorporating technology and active methodologies is essential to improving students' motivation and understanding of chemistry. These innovative strategies are a crucial measure to overcome current barriers and strengthen learning in chemistry. Keywords: Didactic strategy, learning optimization, chemistry, third-year high school. El aprendizaje de la química en el nivel de bachillerato enfrenta múltiples desafíos, entre ellos la baja motivación estudiantil, la percepción de dificultad de la asignatura y la aplicación de metodologías tradicionales que limitan la comprensión de conceptos clave. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar estrategias pedagógicas para fortalecer el aprendizaje de la química en estudiantes del tercer año de bachillerato paralelo "A" de EPJA en la Unidad Educativa San Cristóbal extensión Crucita.  El estudio adoptó un enfoque mixto, con un diseño no experimental y transversal, empleando entrevistas a docentes y encuestas a estudiantes para recopilar información sobre las dificultades y estrategias actuales en la enseñanza de la química. Los hallazgos revelaron que el 61.54% de los estudiantes no se sienten motivados con las estrategias actuales y que el 80.00% enfrenta dificultades significativas en temas clave. Además, el 89.23% expresó interés en integrar herramientas digitales y recursos interactivos en el aprendizaje. Se concluye que es necesaria la implementación de estrategias didácticas innovadoras que incorporen tecnología y metodologías activas para mejorar la motivación y comprensión de la química. La implementación de estas estrategias innovadoras se presenta como una medida crucial para superar las barreras actuales y fortalecer el aprendizaje en química. Palabras claves: Estrategia didáctica, optimización del aprendizaje, química, tercer año de bachillerato. ABSTRACT Learning chemistry at the high school level faces multiple challenges, including low student motivation, the perceived difficulty of the subject, and the use of traditional methodologies that limit the understanding of key concepts. This research aimed to analyze pedagogical strategies to strengthen chemistry learning among third-year high school students in parallel "A" of EPJA at Unidad Educativa San Cristóbal, Crucita extension. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design, using teacher interviews and student surveys to collect information on difficulties and current teaching strategies in chemistry. Findings revealed that 61.54% of students are not motivated by current strategies, and 80.00% face significant difficulties in key topics. Additionally, 89.23% expressed interest in integrating digital tools and interactive resources into learning. The study concludes that implementing innovative didactic strategies incorporating technology and active methodologies is essential to improving students' motivation and understanding of chemistry. These innovative strategies are a crucial measure to overcome current barriers and strengthen learning in chemistry. Keywords: Didactic strategy, learning optimization, chemistry, third-year high school. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 04 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 28 de abril de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/939 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-28 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 2-28 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/939/1563 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/939/1564 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/940 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

The effect of migration on the Ecuadorian labor field in 2024 El efecto de la migración en el campo laboral ecuatoriano en el año 2024 Sabando-Murillo, Nelson Enrique Zambrano-Gonzáles, Leonardo Damián Chévez-Macías, Marianella Lilibeth migración; campo laboral ecuatoriano; impacto laboral de la migración; movilidad humana; factores determinantes de la migración migration; ecuadorian labor field; labor market impacts of migration; human mobility; determinants factors of migration This tudy analyzes the effects of migration on Ecuador’s labor sector, addressing social, political, and legal dimensions. Using a synthetic-analytical and observational methodology, the migration phenomenon is conceptualized from doctrinal perspectives. A mixed qualitative and quantitative approach employed techniques such as document analysis, observation, and semi-structured surveys applied to 40 people with migrant status. These tools allowed the identification of factors driving migration and its direct and indirect effects on the labor market, while proposing improvement alternatives for the benefit of the migrant community. The results reveal an imbalance in social, economic, and labor spheres, affecting both emigrants and immigrants, and provide valuable data on their experiences and integration into various sectors. Migration has altered human mobility and left a significant impact on formal and informal employment in Ecuador. In response, international and national organizations have introduced public policies and legal frameworks, although their implementation has often been limited. This socio legal study highlights the need to adapt institutional strategies to local realities and strengthen national institutions to ensure an effective response to migratory challenges and provide adequate support to the affected population. Keywords: migration; ecuadorian labor field; labor market impacts of migration; human mobility; determinants factors of migration. Este estudio analiza los efectos de la migración en el campo laboral ecuatoriano, abordando dimensiones sociales, políticas y jurídicas. Con una metodología sintética analítica y de observación, se conceptualiza el fenómeno migratorio desde perspectivas doctrinales. El enfoque mixto, cualitativo y cuantitativo, empleó técnicas como análisis documental, observación y encuestas semiestructuradas aplicadas a 40 personas con estatus de migrante. Estas herramientas permitieron identificar los factores que impulsan la migración y sus efectos directos e indirectos en el mercado laboral, además de proponer alternativas de mejora en beneficio de la comunidad migrante. Los resultados evidencian un desbalance en los ámbitos social, económico y laboral, tanto para emigrantes como para inmigrantes, aportando datos valiosos sobre sus experiencias e inserción en distintos sectores. La migración ha alterado la movilidad humana y dejado huellas profundas en el empleo formal e informal del país. En respuesta, organismos internacionales y nacionales han propuesto políticas públicas y marcos normativos, aunque su implementación ha sido limitada. Este estudio socio jurídico resalta la necesidad de adaptar las estrategias institucionales a las realidades locales y fortalecer la institucionalidad nacional, a fin de garantizar una respuesta eficaz ante los desafíos migratorios y respaldar adecuadamente a la población afectada. Palabras claves: migración; campo laboral ecuatoriano; impacto laboral de la migración; movilidad humana; factores determinantes de la migración. ABSTRACT This tudy analyzes the effects of migration on Ecuador’s labor sector, addressing social, political, and legal dimensions. Using a synthetic-analytical and observational methodology, the migration phenomenon is conceptualized from doctrinal perspectives. A mixed qualitative and quantitative approach employed techniques such as document analysis, observation, and semi-structured surveys applied to 40 people with migrant status. These tools allowed the identification of factors driving migration and its direct and indirect effects on the labor market, while proposing improvement alternatives for the benefit of the migrant community. The results reveal an imbalance in social, economic, and labor spheres, affecting both emigrants and immigrants, and provide valuable data on their experiences and integration into various sectors. Migration has altered human mobility and left a significant impact on formal and informal employment in Ecuador. In response, international and national organizations have introduced public policies and legal frameworks, although their implementation has often been limited. This socio legal study highlights the need to adapt institutional strategies to local realities and strengthen national institutions to ensure an effective response to migratory challenges and provide adequate support to the affected population. Keywords: migration; ecuadorian labor field; labor market impacts of migration; human mobility; determinants factors of migration. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de mayo de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de julio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/940 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 29-53 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 29-53 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/940/1565 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/940/1566 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/941 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Genocide and armed conflict in South Africa's lawsuit against Israel El genocidio y el conflicto armado en la demanda de Sudáfrica contra Israel Avellán-Álava, Diana Carolina Navarro-Cejas, Mercedes Genocidio; Derecho internacional; Corte Internacional de Justicia; Conflicto armado; Sudáfrica vs. Israel Genocide; International law; International Court of Justice (ICJ); Armed conflict; South Africa vs. Israel This study conducts a legal analysis of genocide in contexts of social and armed conflict, focusing on the case of South Africa v. Israel before the International Court of Justice. The research, which takes a qualitative approach and case study design, is developed from a socio-legal perspective. An intentional sample focused on this case is used, complemented by relevant precedents such as Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (2007) and Gambia v. Myanmar (2020). Information is collected from documentary sources, including international legal instruments, case law, and specialized doctrine. The analysis employs analytical-synthetic, historical-logical, and documentary methods. The results show that genocide constitutes an international crime characterized by systematic acts aimed at the total or partial destruction of a protected group. Likewise, a solid international legal framework for its prevention and punishment is identified, although with limitations in its effective application. The case of South Africa v. Israel demonstrates the Court's active stance in declaring itself competent and issuing provisional measures in view of the seriousness of the alleged facts. In conclusion, international law offers tools to combat genocide, but their effectiveness depends on political will and judicial interpretation. Keywords: Genocide; International law; International Court of Justice (ICJ); Armed conflict; South Africa vs. Israel. El presente estudio realiza un análisis jurídico del genocidio en contextos de conflicto social y armado, tomando como eje el caso de Sudáfrica contra Israel ante la Corte Internacional de Justicia. La investigación, de enfoque cualitativo y diseño de estudio de caso, se desarrolla desde una perspectiva socio-jurídica. Se utiliza una muestra intencional centrada en dicho caso, complementada con precedentes relevantes como Bosnia y Herzegovina vs. Serbia y Montenegro (2007) y Gambia vs. Myanmar (2020). La recolección de información se basa en fuentes documentales, incluyendo instrumentos jurídicos internacionales, jurisprudencia y doctrina especializada. El análisis emplea métodos analítico-sintético, histórico-lógico y documental. Los resultados muestran que el genocidio constituye un crimen internacional caracterizado por actos sistemáticos destinados a la destrucción total o parcial de un grupo protegido. Asimismo, se identifica un sólido marco jurídico internacional para su prevención y sanción, aunque con limitaciones en su aplicación efectiva. El caso Sudáfrica vs. Israel evidencia una postura activa de la Corte al declararse competente y dictar medidas provisionales ante la gravedad de los hechos alegados. En conclusión, el derecho internacional ofrece herramientas para combatir el genocidio, pero su eficacia depende de la voluntad política y la interpretación judicial. Palabras claves: Genocidio; Derecho internacional; Corte Internacional de Justicia; Conflicto armado; Sudáfrica vs. Israel. ABSTRACT This study conducts a legal analysis of genocide in contexts of social and armed conflict, focusing on the case of South Africa v. Israel before the International Court of Justice. The research, which takes a qualitative approach and case study design, is developed from a socio-legal perspective. An intentional sample focused on this case is used, complemented by relevant precedents such as Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (2007) and Gambia v. Myanmar (2020). Information is collected from documentary sources, including international legal instruments, case law, and specialized doctrine. The analysis employs analytical-synthetic, historical-logical, and documentary methods. The results show that genocide constitutes an international crime characterized by systematic acts aimed at the total or partial destruction of a protected group. Likewise, a solid international legal framework for its prevention and punishment is identified, although with limitations in its effective application. The case of South Africa v. Israel demonstrates the Court's active stance in declaring itself competent and issuing provisional measures in view of the seriousness of the alleged facts. In conclusion, international law offers tools to combat genocide, but their effectiveness depends on political will and judicial interpretation. Keywords: Genocide; International law; International Court of Justice (ICJ); Armed conflict; South Africa vs. Israel. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de agosto de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/941 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 54-75 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 54-75 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/941/1567 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/941/1568 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/942 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Plan for the conservation and restoration of documents in the "Jesus Of Prague" chapel, Portoviejo Ecuador Plan de conservación y restauración de documentos en la capilla "Jesús de Praga", Portoviejo Ecuador Martillo-Vera, Vicenta Olaya Zambrano-Basurto, Lisbeth Yuliana Saldarriaga-Villamil, Kasandra Vanessa Conservación de documentos, patrimonio cultural, restauración Document conservation, cultural heritage, restoration This study aims to develop a conservation and restoration plan for historical documents related to the 'Niño Jesús de Praga' Chapel, located in Portoviejo, Ecuador. The research is based on recognizing the cultural, historical, and symbolic value of religious documents, which are an essential part of the collective memory of communities. A qualitative, descriptive approach was employed to analyze the current state of the chapel's documentary archive from a comprehensive perspective. The main data collection techniques were semi-structured interviews with the personnel in charge of the archive and direct observation of the documents and the physical environment where they are stored. The results show a significant deterioration of the documents due to inadequate storage conditions and a lack of technical knowledge about conservation. Based on the diagnosis, an intervention plan is proposed that is tailored to the specific needs of the archive, in order to preserve the documentary heritage and strengthen the cultural identity of the community. Keywords: Document conservation, cultural heritage, restoration. Este estudio tiene como objetivo desarrollar un plan de conservación y restauración de documentos históricos para la Capilla " Jesús de Praga", ubicada en Portoviejo, Ecuador. La investigación parte del reconocimiento del valor cultural, histórico y simbólico que poseen los documentos religiosos, los cuales constituyen una parte esencial de la memoria colectiva de las comunidades. Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo, para analizar el estado actual del archivo documental de la capilla desde una perspectiva integral. Las principales técnicas de recolección de datos fueron la entrevista semiestructurada al personal encargado del archivo y la observación directa de los documentos y del entorno físico en que se encuentran almacenados. Los resultados evidencian un deterioro significativo en los documentos debido a condiciones inadecuadas de almacenamiento y a la falta de conocimientos técnicos sobre conservación. A partir del diagnóstico, se propone un plan de intervención adaptado a las necesidades específicas del archivo, con el fin de preservar el patrimonio documental y fortalecer la identidad cultural de la comunidad. Palabras claves: Conservación de documentos, patrimonio cultural, restauración. ABSTRACT This study aims to develop a conservation and restoration plan for historical documents related to the 'Niño Jesús de Praga' Chapel, located in Portoviejo, Ecuador. The research is based on recognizing the cultural, historical, and symbolic value of religious documents, which are an essential part of the collective memory of communities. A qualitative, descriptive approach was employed to analyze the current state of the chapel's documentary archive from a comprehensive perspective. The main data collection techniques were semi-structured interviews with the personnel in charge of the archive and direct observation of the documents and the physical environment where they are stored. The results show a significant deterioration of the documents due to inadequate storage conditions and a lack of technical knowledge about conservation. Based on the diagnosis, an intervention plan is proposed that is tailored to the specific needs of the archive, in order to preserve the documentary heritage and strengthen the cultural identity of the community. Keywords: Document conservation, cultural heritage, restoration. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de agosto de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 07 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/942 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 76-99 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 76-99 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/942/1569 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/942/1570 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/943 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Psychological status and emotional well-being of minors residing in foster care Estado psicológico y bienestar emocional en menores de edad que residen en centros de acogida Naula-Naula, Juan José Espinoza-Bravo, Luis Antonio salud mental, menores, centros de acogida, ansiedad, depresión mental health, minors, shelters, anxiety, depression This study assessed the psychological status and emotional well-being of 35 minors (8-17 years old) residing in a foster care center in Azogues, Ecuador, given evidence that these environments can exacerbate emotional disorders. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional, and descriptive design, the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) were administered. Results revealed a high prevalence of psychological distress: 85.71% were at high risk for anxiety, with a predominance of somatic symptoms (88.57%) and fear of abandonment (77.14%), while 65.71% showed moderate-to-high depression. Anxiety remained chronic over time, unlike depression, which decreased. It is concluded that anxiety is the core of distress in institutionalized minors, requiring specialized and differentiated interventions based on the type of prior trauma. Keywords: mental health, minors, shelters, anxiety, depression. Este estudio evaluó el estado psicológico y el bienestar emocional de 35 menores (8-17 años) residentes en un centro de acogida de Azogues, Ecuador, ante la evidencia de que estos entornos pueden exacerbar trastornos emocionales. Mediante un diseño cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo, se aplicaron el Inventario de Depresión Infantil (CDI) y la Escala de Ansiedad para Niños (SCARED). Los resultados revelaron una alta prevalencia de malestar psicológico: 85.71% presentó alto riesgo de ansiedad, con predominio de sintomatología somática (88.57%) y miedo al abandono (77.14%), mientras que el 65.71% mostró depresión moderada-alta. La ansiedad se mantuvo crónica en el tiempo, a diferencia de la depresión que disminuyó. Se concluye que la ansiedad es el núcleo del malestar en menores institucionalizados, requiriéndose intervenciones especializadas y diferenciadas según el tipo de trauma previo. Palabras claves: salud mental, menores, centros de acogida, ansiedad, depresión. ABSTRACT This study assessed the psychological status and emotional well-being of 35 minors (8-17 years old) residing in a foster care center in Azogues, Ecuador, given evidence that these environments can exacerbate emotional disorders. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional, and descriptive design, the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) were administered. Results revealed a high prevalence of psychological distress: 85.71% were at high risk for anxiety, with a predominance of somatic symptoms (88.57%) and fear of abandonment (77.14%), while 65.71% showed moderate-to-high depression. Anxiety remained chronic over time, unlike depression, which decreased. It is concluded that anxiety is the core of distress in institutionalized minors, requiring specialized and differentiated interventions based on the type of prior trauma. Keywords: mental health, minors, shelters, anxiety, depression. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 14 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 17 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/943 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 100-117 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 100-117 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/943/1571 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/943/1572 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/944 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Affective relationships in victims of domestic violence linked to perpetrators with psychopathic traits Relaciones afectivas en víctimas de violencia doméstica vinculadas a agresores con rasgos psicopáticos Muñoz-Herbas, Juliana Paula Sampedro-Mera, Martha Johana violencia doméstica, psicopatía, vínculo traumático, dependencia Emocional, psicología forense domestic violence, psychopathy, traumatic bonding, emotional dependence, forensic psychology Persistence in domestic violence situations constitutes a critical forensic challenge, often misinterpreted as testimonial inconsistency. This study analyzed the configuration of traumatic bonding in victims of aggressors exhibiting psychopathic traits and its procedural impact. A qualitative phenomenological-forensic design with a descriptive scope was implemented, using a sample of 30 women from the Yoyó Zevallos Foundation (Portoviejo, Ecuador). Data collection triangulated interviews, scales, and the hetero-evaluation of psychopathic traits (proxy report). Findings evidence a pathological interaction between emotional dependence (70% high level) and coercive control. The alternation between affection and abuse (intermittent reinforcement) was identified as the central mechanism consolidating the traumatic bond, nullifying autonomy. It is concluded that ambivalence or retraction do not denote a lack of credibility, but rather severe psychological damage mediated by affective instrumentalization. Guidelines to prevent revictimization through trauma-informed forensic assessment are discussed. Keywords: domestic violence, psychopathy, traumatic bonding, emotional dependence, forensic psychology. La permanencia en violencia doméstica constituye un desafío forense crítico, a menudo malinterpretado como inconsistencia testimonial. Este estudio analizó la configuración del vínculo traumático en víctimas de agresores con rasgos psicopáticos y su impacto procesal. Se empleó un diseño cualitativo fenomenológico-forense con alcance descriptivo, en una muestra de 30 mujeres de la Fundación Yoyó Zevallos (Portoviejo, Ecuador). La recolección trianguló entrevistas, escalas y heteroevaluación de rasgos psicopáticos (proxy report). Los hallazgos evidencian una interacción patológica entre dependencia emocional (70% alta) y control coercitivo. Se identificó que la alternancia afecto-maltrato (refuerzo intermitente) actúa como mecanismo central que consolida el vínculo traumático, anulando la autonomía. Se concluye que la ambivalencia o retractación no denotan falta de credibilidad, sino daño psíquico severo por instrumentalización afectiva. Se discuten lineamientos para evitar la revictimización mediante valoración pericial informada en trauma. Palabras claves: violencia doméstica, psicopatía, vínculo traumático, dependencia Emocional, psicología forense. ABSTRACT Persistence in domestic violence situations constitutes a critical forensic challenge, often misinterpreted as testimonial inconsistency. This study analyzed the configuration of traumatic bonding in victims of aggressors exhibiting psychopathic traits and its procedural impact. A qualitative phenomenological-forensic design with a descriptive scope was implemented, using a sample of 30 women from the Yoyó Zevallos Foundation (Portoviejo, Ecuador). Data collection triangulated interviews, scales, and the hetero-evaluation of psychopathic traits (proxy report). Findings evidence a pathological interaction between emotional dependence (70% high level) and coercive control. The alternation between affection and abuse (intermittent reinforcement) was identified as the central mechanism consolidating the traumatic bond, nullifying autonomy. It is concluded that ambivalence or retraction do not denote a lack of credibility, but rather severe psychological damage mediated by affective instrumentalization. Guidelines to prevent revictimization through trauma-informed forensic assessment are discussed. Keywords: domestic violence, psychopathy, traumatic bonding, emotional dependence, forensic psychology. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 12 de enero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/944 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 118-135 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 118-135 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/944/1573 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/944/1574 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/946 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Community resilience among farmers of the agricultural association “El Guasmito”, Solanillo site, Pichincha canton and parish Resiliencia comunitaria en campesinos de la asociación agropecuaria “El Guasmito”, sitio Solanillo, Cantón y parroquia Pichincha Pacheco-Vélez, Jonathan Alfredo Tarazona-Meza, Anicia Katherine Resiliencia comunitaria, Campesinado, Desarrollo rural, CD-RISC, Asociación El Guasmito Community resilience, Peasantry, Rural development, CD-RISC, El Guasmito Association This research analyzed community resilience among farmers of the “El Guasmito” Agricultural Association in the Pichincha Canton of Ecuador. The study was based on the conditions of rural vulnerability reported by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC), where extreme poverty significantly affects the agricultural sector. Using a quantitative, descriptive, and non-experimental cross-sectional design, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and a contextual characterization questionnaire were administered to a purposive sample of 15 members. The results revealed a predominantly medium level of resilience (60%), with "Persistence and Tenacity" standing out as the strongest dimension, while "Adaptability and Support Networks" showed areas for improvement. It is concluded that, despite economic limitations, the association's structure functions as a protective factor, enabling farmers to cope with crises through group cohesion and a shared purpose. Keywords: Community resilience, Peasantry, Rural development, CD-RISC, El Guasmito Association. La presente investigación analizó la resiliencia comunitaria en los campesinos de la Asociación Agropecuaria “El Guasmito”, Cantón Pichincha, Ecuador. El estudio se fundamentó en las condiciones de vulnerabilidad rural reportadas por el INEC, donde la pobreza extrema afecta significativamente al sector agropecuario. Bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, de nivel descriptivo y diseño no experimental transversal, se aplicó la escala de resiliencia de Connor-Davidson (CD-RISC) y un cuestionario de caracterización contextual a una muestra intencional de 15 socios. Los resultados revelaron un nivel de resiliencia mayoritariamente medio (60%), destacando la "Persistencia y Tenacidad" como la dimensión más fortalecida, mientras que la "Adaptabilidad y Redes de Apoyo" mostró áreas de mejora. Se concluye que, pese a las limitaciones económicas, la estructura asociativa funciona como un factor protector que permite a los campesinos afrontar crisis mediante la cohesión grupal y el propósito compartido. Palabras claves: Resiliencia comunitaria, Campesinado, Desarrollo rural, CD-RISC, Asociación El Guasmito. ABSTRACT This research analyzed community resilience among farmers of the “El Guasmito” Agricultural Association in the Pichincha Canton of Ecuador. The study was based on the conditions of rural vulnerability reported by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC), where extreme poverty significantly affects the agricultural sector. Using a quantitative, descriptive, and non-experimental cross-sectional design, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and a contextual characterization questionnaire were administered to a purposive sample of 15 members. The results revealed a predominantly medium level of resilience (60%), with "Persistence and Tenacity" standing out as the strongest dimension, while "Adaptability and Support Networks" showed areas for improvement. It is concluded that, despite economic limitations, the association's structure functions as a protective factor, enabling farmers to cope with crises through group cohesion and a shared purpose. Keywords: Community resilience, Peasantry, Rural development, CD-RISC, El Guasmito Association. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 07 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/946 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 136-151 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 136-151 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/946/1575 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/946/1576 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/947 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Critical Analysis of the limitations of the Ecuadorian Psychologist’s code of ethics from a forensic Psychology perspective Análisis crítico de las limitaciones del Código Deontológico del Psicólogo Ecuatoriano desde la psicología forense Zambrano-Antón, Roddy Valentín Vega-Intriago, Jisson Oswaldo psicología forense, ética profesional, código deontológico, Ecuador, peritajes psicológicos forensic psychology, professional ethics, deontological code, Ecuador, psychological expert reports Forensic psychology in Ecuador operates within a fragmented and outdated ethical landscape shaped by general health regulations, weak professional oversight, and partial references to international standards. The Ecuadorian Deontological Code, grounded in a general clinical perspective, does not adequately address coercive conditions, evidentiary requirements, or tensions inherent to judicial contexts. This study aimed to critically examine the code’s normative and operational limits and to assess contributions from Operational Ethical Guidelines piloted in the Chone judicial system. A qualitative descriptive–exploratory approach with a multiple case study design was used. Fifteen psychologists conducted 45 forensic evaluations in 2025 and recorded their experience using structured forms. Findings indicate: difficulties translating confidentiality, informed consent, and impartiality into complex forensic scenarios; lack of practice-specific criteria for expert work; and persistent tensions between court demands and ethical duties. The pilot guidelines were associated with clearer consent procedures, explicit confidentiality boundaries, improved management of external pressures, and better-structured forensic reports. The study concludes that Ecuador requires an updated deontological framework that integrates principles with context-specific operational protocols. Keywords: forensic psychology, professional ethics, deontological code, Ecuador, psychological expert reports. La psicología forense en Ecuador opera en un marco ético fragmentado y desactualizado, con normas sanitarias generales, regulación gremial débil y referencias parciales a estándares internacionales. El Código Deontológico del Psicólogo Ecuatoriano, de orientación clínica generalista, no incorpora condiciones coercitivas, exigencias probatorias ni tensiones propias del ámbito judicial. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar críticamente sus limitaciones normativas y operativas e identificar los aportes de unos Lineamientos Éticos Operativos aplicados de forma piloto en el sistema judicial de Chone. Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo descriptivo–exploratorio, con diseño de casos múltiples. Participaron 15 psicólogos que realizaron 45 evaluaciones periciales durante 2025 y registraron su experiencia mediante fichas estructuradas. Los hallazgos muestran: dificultades para operacionalizar confidencialidad, consentimiento informado e imparcialidad en escenarios forenses complejos; ausencia de criterios específicos para la actuación pericial en el código; y tensiones entre demandas judiciales y deberes éticos. La aplicación piloto se asoció con mayor claridad del consentimiento, delimitación explícita de la confidencialidad, mejor manejo de presiones externas y mejoras en la estructura de los informes. Se concluye que se requiere una actualización deontológica con protocolos operativos contextualizados. Palabras claves: psicología forense, ética profesional, código deontológico, Ecuador, peritajes psicológicos. ABSTRACT Forensic psychology in Ecuador operates within a fragmented and outdated ethical landscape shaped by general health regulations, weak professional oversight, and partial references to international standards. The Ecuadorian Deontological Code, grounded in a general clinical perspective, does not adequately address coercive conditions, evidentiary requirements, or tensions inherent to judicial contexts. This study aimed to critically examine the code’s normative and operational limits and to assess contributions from Operational Ethical Guidelines piloted in the Chone judicial system. A qualitative descriptive–exploratory approach with a multiple case study design was used. Fifteen psychologists conducted 45 forensic evaluations in 2025 and recorded their experience using structured forms. Findings indicate: difficulties translating confidentiality, informed consent, and impartiality into complex forensic scenarios; lack of practice-specific criteria for expert work; and persistent tensions between court demands and ethical duties. The pilot guidelines were associated with clearer consent procedures, explicit confidentiality boundaries, improved management of external pressures, and better-structured forensic reports. The study concludes that Ecuador requires an updated deontological framework that integrates principles with context-specific operational protocols. Keywords: forensic psychology, professional ethics, deontological code, Ecuador, psychological expert reports. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 07 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/947 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 152-162 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 152-162 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/947/1577 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/947/1578 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/948 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Forensic psychology in legal protection and identification of child abuse: a systematic review La psicología forense en la protección legal e identificación del maltrato infantil: una revisión sistemática Morán-Villacreses, Patricia Alejandra Guerrero-Aray, Kleber Gabriel Psicología forense; maltrato infantil; protección legal Forensic psychology; child abuse; legal protection Child abuse is a global problem that has serious consequences for children's emotional, social, and psychological development. In this context, forensic psychology plays a fundamental role in detecting signs of abuse early and offering technical resources to provide legal protection to victims. The current systematic review aims to synthesize the primary contributions of forensic psychology to the identification, evaluation, and judicial support of children in vulnerable situations. To this end, it analyzes the most recent scientific literature. The results highlight the importance of specialized forensic interviews, psychological forensics, and the application of validated psychometric tools to ensure objective and reliable evidence in judicial proceedings. Challenges associated with professional training, biases in assessment, and the demand for standardized protocols that reinforce the protection of children's rights are also identified. In addition to being a fundamental resource for creating comprehensive public protection policies, forensic psychology is an important tool in the secondary prevention of child abuse and in the validation of evidence during judicial proceedings. Keywords: Forensic psychology; child abuse; legal protection. La psicología forense aplicada al maltrato infantil se sitúa en la intersección entre la ciencia psicológica y el sistema de justicia, con el propósito de aportar evidencia técnica para la protección de niños, niñas y adolescentes y para la toma de decisiones judiciales informadas. Su contribución central consiste en responder preguntas forenses específicas: qué indicadores psicológicos y conductuales son compatibles con una experiencia de victimización, cuál es el impacto psicosocial probable y qué necesidades de protección emergen en cada caso. La entrevista forense infantil constituye un eje determinante, donde protocolos estructurados como el NICHD priorizan el recuerdo libre y las preguntas abiertas para reducir sesgos de sugestión. Herramientas como la Cámara Gesell permiten obtener el relato en condiciones amigables, limitando la revictimización secundaria. La evaluación psicológica forense complementa este proceso mediante el análisis de indicadores emocionales, conductuales y relacionales, apoyándose en instrumentos psicométricos validados y culturalmente pertinentes. El maltrato infantil es un fenómeno multicausal influenciado por factores de riesgo como pobreza, violencia intrafamiliar y aislamiento social, y por factores protectores como vínculos afectivos seguros y redes comunitarias de apoyo. No obstante, persisten limitaciones: formación profesional desigual, infraestructura insuficiente, falta de estandarización de protocolos y necesidad de adaptación cultural. En conclusión, la psicología forense es un recurso técnico indispensable que fortalece la calidad de la evidencia, reduce la revictimización y orienta decisiones judiciales con base científica, contribuyendo además a la prevención del abuso y a la creación de políticas públicas de protección integral. Palabras claves: Psicología forense; maltrato infantil; protección legal. ABSTRACT Child abuse is a global problem that has serious consequences for children's emotional, social, and psychological development. In this context, forensic psychology plays a fundamental role in detecting signs of abuse early and offering technical resources to provide legal protection to victims. The current systematic review aims to synthesize the primary contributions of forensic psychology to the identification, evaluation, and judicial support of children in vulnerable situations. To this end, it analyzes the most recent scientific literature. The results highlight the importance of specialized forensic interviews, psychological forensics, and the application of validated psychometric tools to ensure objective and reliable evidence in judicial proceedings. Challenges associated with professional training, biases in assessment, and the demand for standardized protocols that reinforce the protection of children's rights are also identified. In addition to being a fundamental resource for creating comprehensive public protection policies, forensic psychology is an important tool in the secondary prevention of child abuse and in the validation of evidence during judicial proceedings. Keywords: Forensic psychology; child abuse; legal protection. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 28 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/948 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 163-176 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 163-176 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/948/1579 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/948/1580 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/949 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Educational strategy to promote an inclusive culture of families at San Isidro School Estrategia educativa para fomentar la cultura inclusiva de las familias en el Colegio San Isidro López-Villalva, Diana Carolina Fernández-Fernández, Iliana María Inclusión educativa; diagnóstico; paradigma interpretativo Educational inclusion; diagnosis; interpretive paradigm Educational inclusion is a priority challenge in Ecuador, especially for students with special educational needs (SEN). At the San Isidro School, limited family participation in inclusive processes is evident, affecting student learning and sense of belonging. The objective of this research was to design an educational strategy to foster an inclusive culture among families at the primary level. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study explored the level of family involvement and the barriers that limit their participation. The purposive sample consisted of 10 teachers and 30 parents. Semi-structured interviews, surveys, and direct observation were used. The results identified shortcomings in teacher preparation, the application of pedagogical strategies, and the connection with the home. Based on the diagnosis, an educational strategy was developed that promotes communication, respect for diversity, and school-family collaboration. This proposal contributes to strengthening an inclusive culture within the family environment, ensuring the academic and social success of students with SEN. Keywords: Educational inclusion; diagnosis; interpretive paradigm. La inclusión educativa es un reto prioritario en Ecuador, especialmente para estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales (NEE). En el Colegio San Isidro se evidencia una limitada participación familiar en los procesos inclusivos, afectando el aprendizaje y sentido de pertenencia estudiantil. El objetivo de esta investigación fue diseñar una estrategia educativa para fomentar la cultura inclusiva de las familias en el nivel Básico. Bajo una metodología mixta, el estudio exploró el nivel de involucramiento familiar y las barreras que limitan su participación. La muestra, seleccionada de manera intencional, estuvo conformada por 10 docentes y 30 padres de familia. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, encuestas y observación directa. Los resultados identificaron insuficiencias en la preparación docente, en la aplicación de estrategias pedagógicas y en el vínculo con el hogar. A partir del diagnóstico, se estructuró una estrategia educativa que promueve la comunicación, el respeto a la diversidad y la colaboración escuela–familia. Esta propuesta contribuye a fortalecer la cultura inclusiva desde el entorno familiar, garantizando el éxito académico y social de los estudiantes con NEE. Palabras claves: Inclusión educativa; diagnóstico; paradigma interpretativo. ABSTRACT Educational inclusion is a priority challenge in Ecuador, especially for students with special educational needs (SEN). At the San Isidro School, limited family participation in inclusive processes is evident, affecting student learning and sense of belonging. The objective of this research was to design an educational strategy to foster an inclusive culture among families at the primary level. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study explored the level of family involvement and the barriers that limit their participation. The purposive sample consisted of 10 teachers and 30 parents. Semi-structured interviews, surveys, and direct observation were used. The results identified shortcomings in teacher preparation, the application of pedagogical strategies, and the connection with the home. Based on the diagnosis, an educational strategy was developed that promotes communication, respect for diversity, and school-family collaboration. This proposal contributes to strengthening an inclusive culture within the family environment, ensuring the academic and social success of students with SEN. Keywords: Educational inclusion; diagnosis; interpretive paradigm. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 28 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/949 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 177-188 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 177-188 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/949/1581 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/949/1582 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/951 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Social factors in recovery and their relationship with the criminogenic environment. A forensic analysis Factores sociales en la recuperación y su relación con el entorno criminógeno. Un análisis forense Viteri-Vélez, Mirian Fabiola Chevez-Macías, Marianella Lilibeth Forense, psicología, adictos, proceso, recuperación Forensic, psychology, addicts, process, recovery For patients recovering from the use of legal and illegal psychoactive substances, social factors are key to their recovery process. Even in cases where they frequent the places where they used these substances, this means remaining in a criminogenic environment, hence the importance of conducting research from a forensic perspective. The objective of this research was to analyze how social factors and the criminogenic environment affect the recovery process of individuals participating in the Los Bosques therapeutic community in the city of Portoviejo. The methodology was based on a non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The data collection technique was a survey administered to participants of the Los Bosques therapeutic community, and interviews were conducted virtually with the psychologists. The results showed that the social circle is a strength for the recovery process, the criminogenic environment becomes an obstacle to the detoxification process, and that when faced with personal problems, having a close person helps to resolve them better; and that a large percentage of recovering addicts have an intermediate rating for violence. Keywords: Forensic, psychology, addicts, process, recovery. Para los pacientes en proceso de recuperación por el consumo de sustancias legales e ilegales psicoactivas, los factores sociales son claves para su proceso de recuperación, lo cual incluso, en aquellos casos, que frecuentan los lugares donde consumían tales sustancias supone mantenerse en el entorno criminógeno, de ahí la importancia de desarrollar la investigación desde una perspectiva forense. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar cómo los factores sociales y el entorno criminógeno afectan el proceso de recuperación de las personas que forman parte de la comunidad terapéutica Los Bosques, en la ciudad de Portoviejo. La metodología se sustentó en un diseño no experimental de tipo transeccional, con enfoque mixto, método cualitativo y cuantitativo, la técnica fue la encuesta dirigida a los asistentes de la comunidad terapéutica Los Bosques, y la entrevista se realizó de manera virtual a los psicólogos. Los resultados permitieron conocer que el círculo social es fortaleza para el proceso de su recuperación, el entorno criminógeno se convierte en obstáculo para el proceso de desintoxicación, asimismo, que, ante la presencia de problemas personales, tener una persona cercana coadyuva a resolverlo de mejor manera; y, que un gran porcentaje de los adictos en recuperación presentan calificación intermedia para la violencia. Palabras claves: Forense, psicología, adictos, proceso, recuperación. ABSTRACT For patients recovering from the use of legal and illegal psychoactive substances, social factors are key to their recovery process. Even in cases where they frequent the places where they used these substances, this means remaining in a criminogenic environment, hence the importance of conducting research from a forensic perspective. The objective of this research was to analyze how social factors and the criminogenic environment affect the recovery process of individuals participating in the Los Bosques therapeutic community in the city of Portoviejo. The methodology was based on a non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The data collection technique was a survey administered to participants of the Los Bosques therapeutic community, and interviews were conducted virtually with the psychologists. The results showed that the social circle is a strength for the recovery process, the criminogenic environment becomes an obstacle to the detoxification process, and that when faced with personal problems, having a close person helps to resolve them better; and that a large percentage of recovering addicts have an intermediate rating for violence. Keywords: Forensic, psychology, addicts, process, recovery. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 28 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/951 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 189-208 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 189-208 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/951/1585 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/951/1586 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/952 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Psychosomatic assessment protocol to identify substance use in people prosecuted for trafficking Protocolo de evaluación psicosomática para identificar consumo de sustancias en personas procesadas por tráfico Carrillo-Intriago, Karla Katiuska Linzán-Saltos, María Fernanda consumo de sustancias, protocolo, psicosomático, biopsicosocial, multimétodo Substance use, protocol, psychosomatic, biopsychosocial, multimethod The use of illicit drugs presents a highly complex problem that requires technically sound, scientifically grounded, and comprehensive evaluation processes. Therefore, the objective was to design a Psychosomatic Evaluation Protocol aimed at identifying drug use in individuals prosecuted for trafficking controlled substances. This was achieved using a non-experimental, descriptive, and propositional study methodology with a qualitative approach. The documentary research was based on existing literature and the biopsychosocial dimension to structure the protocol, which was organized into several stages. These stages included clinical interviews, collateral interviews, standardized psychometric instruments (MMPI, LSB-50 or SCL-90, AUDIT or ASSIST), psychosomatic indicators, and international diagnostic criteria (DSM-5-TR and ICD-11). The results demonstrated the novelty and effectiveness of applying a multi-method approach to comprehensively evaluate dependence on psychoactive agents. It was concluded that the proposed protocol establishes an alternative psychosomatic evaluation to identify this type of problem, constituting a comprehensive and feasible tool to be potentially applied in clinical and expert settings. Keywords: Substance use, protocol, psychosomatic, biopsychosocial, multimethod. El uso de drogas ilícitas representa una problemática muy compleja que exige para su evaluación procesos técnicos, científicamente sustentados e integrales, por lo que se propuso como objetivo diseñar un Protocolo de Evaluación Psicosomática orientado a la identificación del consumo en personas procesadas por tráfico de sustancias sujetos a fiscalización, para lo cual se trabajó empleando una metodología con diseño de estudio no experimental, alcance descriptivo, propositivo, enfoque mixto, tipo de estudio de carácter documental fundamentada en la literatura existente y en la dimensión biopsicosocial para estructurar el trabajo organizado en varias etapas en las que reúne entrevistas clínicas, entrevistas colaterales, instrumentos psicométricos estandarizados, (MMPI, LSB-50 o SCL-90, AUDIT o ASSIST),indicadores psicosomáticos, criterios diagnósticos internacionales (DSM-5-TR y el CIE-11). Los resultados evidenciaron la novedad y eficacia de aplicar un enfoque multimétodo para evaluar la dependencia a agentes psicoactivos de forma integral. Se concluyó que el trabajo propuesto establece una alternativa de evaluación psicosomática para identificar esta clase de problemática, constituyéndose en una herramienta integral y factible para ser potencialmente aplicada en entornos clínicos y periciales. Palabras claves: consumo de sustancias, protocolo, psicosomático, biopsicosocial, multimétodo. ABSTRACT The use of illicit drugs presents a highly complex problem that requires technically sound, scientifically grounded, and comprehensive evaluation processes. Therefore, the objective was to design a Psychosomatic Evaluation Protocol aimed at identifying drug use in individuals prosecuted for trafficking controlled substances. This was achieved using a non-experimental, descriptive, and propositional study methodology with a qualitative approach. The documentary research was based on existing literature and the biopsychosocial dimension to structure the protocol, which was organized into several stages. These stages included clinical interviews, collateral interviews, standardized psychometric instruments (MMPI, LSB-50 or SCL-90, AUDIT or ASSIST), psychosomatic indicators, and international diagnostic criteria (DSM-5-TR and ICD-11). The results demonstrated the novelty and effectiveness of applying a multi-method approach to comprehensively evaluate dependence on psychoactive agents. It was concluded that the proposed protocol establishes an alternative psychosomatic evaluation to identify this type of problem, constituting a comprehensive and feasible tool to be potentially applied in clinical and expert settings. Keywords: Substance use, protocol, psychosomatic, biopsychosocial, multimethod. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 12 de enero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/952 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 209-227 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 209-227 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/952/1587 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/952/1588 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/953 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Influential Communication Factors in the youth vote decision of the rural San José Parish Factores Comunicacionales influyentes en la decisión de voto juvenil de la parroquia rural San José Lazo-Serrano, Lizette Ivonne Ramírez-Castillo, Marjorie Estefany Contreras-Herrera, Verónica Margarita Cabrera-Espinoza, Jorge Arturo elecciones, voto, joven rural, política elections, vote, rural youth, politics The objective of this study was to determine the communication factors that influence the voting decisions of young people between the ages of 18 and 25 in the rural parish of San José, located in the canton of Atahualpa. The research was conducted using a mixed methodology that included interviews with experts and surveys of young voters, identifying these key factors in youth electoral behaviour. It was determined that the influential communication factors are a combination of: messages of hope and change that are part of a discourse in which the proposals are very clear and detailed; the use of social media; visits to different sectors or field trips; and the candidate's dress style, accompanied by speaking the same language as young people. Keywords: elections, vote, rural youth, politics. En el presente estudio se planteó como objetivo determinar los factores comunicacionales que intervienen en la decisión de voto juvenil entre los 18 y 25 años de la parroquia rural San José, perteneciente al cantón Atahualpa. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante una metodología mixta que abarcó entrevistas a expertos y encuestas a jóvenes votantes, logrando identificar estos factores clave en el comportamiento electoral juvenil. Se determinó que los factores comunicacionales influyentes son combinados entre: los mensajes de esperanza y cambio que se ubican dentro del discurso donde las propuestas sean muy claras y detalladas, el uso de las redes sociales, las visitas a los sectores o realizar recorridos de campo y la forma de vestir del candidato acompañado con hablar el mismo lenguaje de los jóvenes. Palabras claves: elecciones, voto, joven rural, política. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the communication factors that influence the voting decisions of young people between the ages of 18 and 25 in the rural parish of San José, located in the canton of Atahualpa. The research was conducted using a mixed methodology that included interviews with experts and surveys of young voters, identifying these key factors in youth electoral behaviour. It was determined that the influential communication factors are a combination of: messages of hope and change that are part of a discourse in which the proposals are very clear and detailed; the use of social media; visits to different sectors or field trips; and the candidate's dress style, accompanied by speaking the same language as young people. Keywords: elections, vote, rural youth, politics. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 17 de diciembre de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/953 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 228-252 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 228-252 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/953/1589 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/953/1590 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/954 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Private corruption and its criminal implications: an analysis of crimes in the global and local context La corrupción privada y sus implicaciones penales: un análisis de los delitos en el contexto global y local Araujo-Quiñonez, Mercedes Alejandra Corrupción privada, Derecho penal, Análisis comparado, Cumplimiento corporativo, Ecuador Private corruption, Criminal law, Comparative analysis, Corporate compliance, Ecuador Private corruption is a legal-criminal phenomenon that affects transparency and fair competition in both global and local markets. The aim of this research was to analyze the criminal implications of private corruption and its degree of regulatory harmonization in the Ecuadorian context in relation to international standards. A qualitative methodology was used with a doctrinal-legal design and a comparative analysis of current regulations. The results examine behaviors such as bribery between private parties and accounting fraud under the principles of legality and proportionality. It is identified that, although instruments such as the United Nations Convention against Corruption have promoted reforms, in Ecuador the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code presents regulatory gaps that limit the effectiveness of criminal prosecution. It is concluded that it is imperative to strengthen legal frameworks by linking punitive sanctions with corporate compliance mechanisms to ensure market stability. Keywords: Private corruption, Criminal law, Comparative analysis, Corporate compliance, Ecuador. La corrupción privada es un fenómeno jurídico-penal que afecta la transparencia y la libre competencia en los mercados globales y locales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar las implicaciones penales de la corrupción privada y su grado de armonización normativa en el contexto ecuatoriano frente a los estándares internacionales; se empleó una metodología cualitativa con un diseño dogmático-jurídico y un análisis comparado de la normativa vigente. Los resultados examinan conductas como el soborno entre particulares y el fraude contable bajo los principios de legalidad y proporcionalidad. Se identifica que, aunque instrumentos como la Convención de las Naciones Unidas contra la Corrupción han impulsado reformas, en Ecuador el Código Orgánico Integral Penal presenta vacíos normativos que limitan la eficacia de la persecución penal. Se concluye que es imperativo fortalecer los marcos legales articulando sanciones punitivas con mecanismos de cumplimiento corporativo (compliance) para garantizar la estabilidad de los mercados. Palabras claves: Corrupción privada, Derecho penal, Análisis comparado, Cumplimiento corporativo, Ecuador. ABSTRACT Private corruption is a legal-criminal phenomenon that affects transparency and fair competition in both global and local markets. The aim of this research was to analyze the criminal implications of private corruption and its degree of regulatory harmonization in the Ecuadorian context in relation to international standards. A qualitative methodology was used with a doctrinal-legal design and a comparative analysis of current regulations. The results examine behaviors such as bribery between private parties and accounting fraud under the principles of legality and proportionality. It is identified that, although instruments such as the United Nations Convention against Corruption have promoted reforms, in Ecuador the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code presents regulatory gaps that limit the effectiveness of criminal prosecution. It is concluded that it is imperative to strengthen legal frameworks by linking punitive sanctions with corporate compliance mechanisms to ensure market stability. Keywords: Private corruption, Criminal law, Comparative analysis, Corporate compliance, Ecuador. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de diciembre de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/954 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 253-271 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 253-271 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/954/1591 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/954/1592 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/955 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

ICT-Based Methodological Strategies for Improving Intercultural Education in the Teaching Processes of Amawtay Wasi University in the 2024-2025 Period Estrategias Metodológicas Basadas en TIC para la mejora de la Educación Intercultural en los procesos de enseñanza de la Universidad Amawtay Wasi en el período 2024-2025 Cushcagua-Alvarez, Liceth Pacarina Chiza-Yamberla, Edison Javier Caluqui-Quilumbaquin, Carlos David TIC, educación intercultural, competencias digitales, estrategias metodológicas ICT, intercultural education, digital skills, methodological strategies The objective of this research is to propose methodological strategies for teachers at Amawtay Wasi University, based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), with the aim of improving intercultural education in teaching processes. ICTs are fundamental to educational transformation, facilitating access to resources and promoting cultural diversity. The study used a mixed approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The methodology includes the analysis of key variables through surveys and interviews, facilitating the collection of data on teachers' use of ICT and their level of intercultural competence. In addition, fieldwork was carried out to evaluate how ICT-based methodological strategies improve the quality of learning and promote cultural inclusion in teaching. The results show that 62% of teachers use digital tools regularly, but 33% feel that the training they have received on ICT has been insufficient. This highlights the need to implement a continuous training program. A three-module training program is proposed: Module 1 will focus on providing a basic understanding of ICT and its application in intercultural education; Module 2 will train teachers in methodological strategies that integrate ICT into the classroom; and Module 3 will focus on the evaluation and adaptation of digital resources to ensure that they are inclusive and culturally appropriate. These modules will promote the integration of ICT in teaching, improving the quality of learning and cultural inclusion. Keywords: ICT, intercultural education, digital skills, methodological strategies. El objetivo de esta investigación es plantear estrategias metodológicas para los docente de la Universidad Amawtay Wasi, basadas en las Tecnologías de la información y la Comunicación (TIC). El estudio empleó un enfoque mixto e incluye el análisis de las variables a través de encuestas y entrevistas. Además, se implementó un trabajo de campo para evaluar cómo las TIC mejoran la calidad del aprendizaje y promueven la inclusión cultural en la enseñanza. Los resultados muestran que el 62% de los docentes utiliza herramientas regularmente, pero un 33% percibe que la capacitación ha sido insuficiente. Esto subraya la necesidad de implementar un programa de capacitación con tres módulos: el Módulo 1 enfocará en proporcionar una comprensión básica sobre las TIC y su aplicación en la educación intercultural; el Módulo 2 capacitará a los docentes en estrategias metodológicas que integren las TIC en el aula; y el Módulo 3 se centrará en la evaluación y adaptación de los recursos digitales para garantizar que sean inclusivos y culturalmente adecuados. Palabras claves: TIC, educación intercultural, competencias digitales, estrategias metodológicas. ABSTRACT The objective of this research is to propose methodological strategies for teachers at Amawtay Wasi University, based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), with the aim of improving intercultural education in teaching processes. ICTs are fundamental to educational transformation, facilitating access to resources and promoting cultural diversity. The study used a mixed approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The methodology includes the analysis of key variables through surveys and interviews, facilitating the collection of data on teachers' use of ICT and their level of intercultural competence. In addition, fieldwork was carried out to evaluate how ICT-based methodological strategies improve the quality of learning and promote cultural inclusion in teaching. The results show that 62% of teachers use digital tools regularly, but 33% feel that the training they have received on ICT has been insufficient. This highlights the need to implement a continuous training program. A three-module training program is proposed: Module 1 will focus on providing a basic understanding of ICT and its application in intercultural education; Module 2 will train teachers in methodological strategies that integrate ICT into the classroom; and Module 3 will focus on the evaluation and adaptation of digital resources to ensure that they are inclusive and culturally appropriate. These modules will promote the integration of ICT in teaching, improving the quality of learning and cultural inclusion. Keywords: ICT, intercultural education, digital skills, methodological strategies. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de diciembre de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/955 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 272-286 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 272-286 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/955/1593 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/955/1594 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/956 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Designing immersive learning experiences: Effects of extended reality on the motivation, retention, and conceptual understanding of university students Diseño de experiencias de aprendizaje inmersivo: Efectos de la realidad extendida en la motivación, retención y comprensión conceptual del estudiante universitario Reyes-Regalado, Johanna Gabriela Lara, Viviana Elizabeth Candela-Vera, Edwin Waldir Mero-Delgado, Laura Jessenia Aprendizaje inmersivo, Realidad extendida, Motivación, Retención, Comprensión conceptual Immersive learning, Extended reality, Motivation, Retention, Conceptual understanding This research analyzed the effects of immersive learning with Extended Reality (XR) on the motivation, retention, and conceptual understanding of students at public universities in Quito. Using a quantitative, quasi-experimental, and explanatory approach, a sample of 291 students from the social sciences, engineering, and health sciences were evaluated. The study employed five structured instruments to measure psychometric and cognitive variables, including cognitive load and knowledge transfer, in order to inform pedagogical strategies that promote quality and equity in education in Ecuador. The results demonstrated a significant positive impact on the learning process. 73.5% of participants reported increased interest in the content, while 75.6% perceived an improvement in their retention and long-term memory. Furthermore, 76% of students strengthened their conceptual understanding, validating that XR not only acts as a motivational tool but also optimizes cognitive processes in highly complex disciplines. In conclusion, the use of immersive technologies under a coherent instructional design redefines the student as an active protagonist, facilitating meaningful and lasting learning that reduces the gap between academic theory and professional practice. Keywords: Immersive learning, Extended reality, Motivation, Retention, Conceptual understanding. Esta investigación analizó los efectos del aprendizaje inmersivo con Realidad Extendida (XR) en la motivación, retención y comprensión conceptual de estudiantes en universidades públicas de Quito. Mediante un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo cuasi-experimental y alcance explicativo, se evaluó a una muestra de 291 estudiantes de las áreas de ciencias sociales, ingeniería y salud. El estudio utilizó cinco instrumentos estructurados para medir variables psicométricas y cognitivas, incluyendo carga cognitiva y transferencia de conocimientos, con el fin de fundamentar estrategias pedagógicas que promuevan la calidad y equidad educativa en Ecuador. Los resultados evidenciaron un impacto positivo significativo en el proceso formativo. El 73.5% de los participantes reportó un mayor interés por los contenidos, mientras que el 75.6% percibió una mejora en su capacidad de retención y memoria a largo plazo. Asimismo, el 76% de los estudiantes fortaleció su comprensión conceptual, validando que la XR no solo funciona como un dinamizador motivacional, sino que optimiza los procesos cognitivos en disciplinas de alta complejidad. En conclusión, el uso de tecnologías inmersivas bajo un diseño instruccional coherente redefine al estudiante como protagonista activo, facilitando un aprendizaje significativo y duradero que reduce la brecha entre la teoría académica y la práctica profesional. Palabras claves: Aprendizaje inmersivo, Realidad extendida, Motivación, Retención, Comprensión conceptual. ABSTRACT This research analyzed the effects of immersive learning with Extended Reality (XR) on the motivation, retention, and conceptual understanding of students at public universities in Quito. Using a quantitative, quasi-experimental, and explanatory approach, a sample of 291 students from the social sciences, engineering, and health sciences were evaluated. The study employed five structured instruments to measure psychometric and cognitive variables, including cognitive load and knowledge transfer, in order to inform pedagogical strategies that promote quality and equity in education in Ecuador. The results demonstrated a significant positive impact on the learning process. 73.5% of participants reported increased interest in the content, while 75.6% perceived an improvement in their retention and long-term memory. Furthermore, 76% of students strengthened their conceptual understanding, validating that XR not only acts as a motivational tool but also optimizes cognitive processes in highly complex disciplines. In conclusion, the use of immersive technologies under a coherent instructional design redefines the student as an active protagonist, facilitating meaningful and lasting learning that reduces the gap between academic theory and professional practice. Keywords: Immersive learning, Extended reality, Motivation, Retention, Conceptual understanding. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/956 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 287-310 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 287-310 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/956/1595 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/956/1596 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/957 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Cultural manifestations in women as community strengthening, Pedernales Canton Manifestaciones culturales en la mujer como fortalecimiento comunitario, Cantón Pedernales Montesdeoca-Chila, Linda Azucena Navarrete-Cusme, Germania Eduviges Quiroz-Vinces, Maritza Elizabeth Fortalecimiento económico, manifestaciones culturales, familia, comunidad Economic strengthening, cultural manifestations, family, community This study determines the importance of the culinary, artistic, and artisanal manifestations of women as community strengthening in the family, economic axis of the Pedernales Canton, Province of Manabí. This research has a quantitative approach of a descriptive type, cross-sectional non-experimental. For data collection, a simple random probabilistic sample was applied to 152 people belonging to four Merchants' Associations of the Pedernales Canton using the survey technique. As a result, it was found that 94.7% of informants report that women have contributed to community and economic strengthening through culinary, artistic and artisanal activities, reflected in the creation of businesses, generation of employment in the community that has improved the quality of life of families. The culinary manifestations are expressed through the diversity of gastronomy, highlighting the Corvina Festival (93.3%), while in the artistic the activities of folklore, dance, dance (85.4%), and in the artisanal the elaboration of handicrafts in coconut (53.2%). It is concluded that culinary, artistic and artisanal activities have an economic dimension as a source of work and social development for the progress of women, the family and the community. Keywords: Economic strengthening, cultural manifestations, family, community. Este estudio determina la importancia de las manifestaciones culinarias, artísticas, artesanales de la mujer como fortalecimiento comunitario en el eje familiar, económico del Cantón Pedernales, Provincia de Manabí. Esta investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, corte trasversal no experimental. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó una muestra probabilística aleatoria simple a 152 personas pertenecientes a cuatro Asociaciones de Comerciantes del Cantón Pedernales mediante la técnica de la encuesta. Como resultado se obtuvo que el 94,7% de informantes refieren que la mujer ha contribuido al fortaleciendo comunitario y económico mediante las actividades culinarias, artísticas y artesanales reflejado en la creación de negocios, generación de empleo en la comunidad que ha permitido mejorar la calidad de vida de las familias. Las manifestaciones culinarias se expresan mediante la diversidad de la gastronomía, sobresaliendo el Festival de la Corvina (93,3%), mientras en lo artístico resalta las actividades de folklore, baile, danza (85,4%), y en lo artesanal la elaboración de artesanías en coco (53,2%). Se concluyen que las actividades culinarias, artísticas y artesanales poseen una dimensión económica como una fuente generadora de trabajo y desarrollo social para el progreso de la mujer, la familia y la comunidad. Palabras claves: Fortalecimiento económico, manifestaciones culturales, familia, comunidad. ABSTRACT This study determines the importance of the culinary, artistic, and artisanal manifestations of women as community strengthening in the family, economic axis of the Pedernales Canton, Province of Manabí. This research has a quantitative approach of a descriptive type, cross-sectional non-experimental. For data collection, a simple random probabilistic sample was applied to 152 people belonging to four Merchants' Associations of the Pedernales Canton using the survey technique. As a result, it was found that 94.7% of informants report that women have contributed to community and economic strengthening through culinary, artistic and artisanal activities, reflected in the creation of businesses, generation of employment in the community that has improved the quality of life of families. The culinary manifestations are expressed through the diversity of gastronomy, highlighting the Corvina Festival (93.3%), while in the artistic the activities of folklore, dance, dance (85.4%), and in the artisanal the elaboration of handicrafts in coconut (53.2%). It is concluded that culinary, artistic and artisanal activities have an economic dimension as a source of work and social development for the progress of women, the family and the community. Keywords: Economic strengthening, cultural manifestations, family, community. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/957 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 311-323 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 311-323 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/957/1597 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/957/1598 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/958 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Access to information services for students with visual impairments at Universidad Técnica de Manabí Acceso de estudiantes con discapacidad visual a los servicios de información de la biblioteca de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí Alban-Mendoza, Maura Antonella Mendoza-Párraga, Nallely Monserrate Salas-Espinales, María Gabriela bibliotecas universitarias, discapacidad visual, atención a usuarios, accesibilidad, tiflotecas academic libraries, visual impairment, user services, accessibility, libraries for the blind In recent years in Ecuador, services for people with visual disabilities in some libraries have seen specific advancements, though with uneven coverage. This study aims to assess the accessibility of information services for people with disabilities at the central library Dr. Alejandro Muñoz Dávila of the Technical University of Manabí (UTM), with the goal of proposing effective solutions that promote more equitable and efficient access to academic resources for this user group. The study adopted a descriptive approach with a qualitative methodology to analyze the accessibility of the library’s information services. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with library staff, along with an observational checklist. The results reveal that the library services achieve a medium level of inclusion, with progress in infrastructure and staff engagement, but with significant shortcomings in assistive technologies, accessible materials, and institutional planning. It is recommended to implement a comprehensive strategic plan that includes assistive technologies, continuous staff training, adaptation of resources, and formal protocols to ensure full and sustained accessibility for people with visual disabilities. Keywords: academic libraries, visual impairment, user services, accessibility, libraries for the blind. En los últimos años en el Ecuador, la atención a personas con discapacidad visual en algunas bibliotecas, han implementado avances puntuales, pero con cobertura desigual. El estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la accesibilidad de los servicios de información para personas con discapacidad en la biblioteca central Dr. Alejandro Muñoz Dávila de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM), con el fin de proponer soluciones acertadas que promuevan un acceso más equitativo y efectivo a los recursos académicos para este grupo de usuarios. El estudio adoptó un enfoque descriptivo, con una metodología cualitativa para analizar la accesibilidad de los servicios de información en biblioteca. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas al personal bibliotecario y una lista de verificación observacional. Los resultados evidencian que los servicios de la biblioteca alcanzan un nivel medio en la oferta de servicios de inclusión con avances en infraestructura y disposición del personal, pero con carencias en tecnologías asistivas, materiales accesibles y planificación institucional. Se recomienda implementar un plan estratégico integral que incorpore tecnologías asistidas, formación continua del personal, adaptación de recursos y protocolos formales, con el fin de garantizar una accesibilidad plena y sostenida para personas con discapacidad visual. Palabras claves: bibliotecas universitarias, discapacidad visual, atención a usuarios, accesibilidad, tiflotecas. ABSTRACT In recent years in Ecuador, services for people with visual disabilities in some libraries have seen specific advancements, though with uneven coverage. This study aims to assess the accessibility of information services for people with disabilities at the central library Dr. Alejandro Muñoz Dávila of the Technical University of Manabí (UTM), with the goal of proposing effective solutions that promote more equitable and efficient access to academic resources for this user group. The study adopted a descriptive approach with a qualitative methodology to analyze the accessibility of the library’s information services. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with library staff, along with an observational checklist. The results reveal that the library services achieve a medium level of inclusion, with progress in infrastructure and staff engagement, but with significant shortcomings in assistive technologies, accessible materials, and institutional planning. It is recommended to implement a comprehensive strategic plan that includes assistive technologies, continuous staff training, adaptation of resources, and formal protocols to ensure full and sustained accessibility for people with visual disabilities. Keywords: academic libraries, visual impairment, user services, accessibility, libraries for the blind. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de septiembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 05 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/958 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 324-348 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 324-348 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/958/1599 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/958/1600 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/959 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Forensic assessment of psychological impact on victims of child abuse and neglect. Systematic Review Evaluación forense del impacto psicológico en víctimas de maltrato y negligencia infantil. Revisión sistemática Realpe-Marín, Paola Dayanara Sánchez-Rogel, Lesly Hugo maltrato infantil, evaluación forense, negligencia, trauma complejo, diagnóstico psicológico child maltreatment, forensic assessment, neglect, complex trauma, psychological diagnosis Child abuse and neglect generate profound psychological sequelae that require rigorous forensic evaluations, given their impact on judicial decision-making for the protection of children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine, through a systematic review, the forensic methods and procedures used to assess the psychological sequelae of child abuse and neglect, analysing the available evidence on their validity, diagnostic accuracy and relevance for the emotional protection of children. The research followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and, after reviewing 518 records, 14 studies evaluated with CASP and JBI tools were selected. The results show a high degree of methodological heterogeneity, with a predominance of clinical interviews, psychometric tests and multi-method approaches, many of them without specific validation for the Ecuadorian population. Structural barriers were also identified, such as the lack of standardised protocols, specialised training and inter-institutional coordination. It is concluded that strengthening child forensic assessment requires technical standardisation, a trauma-sensitive approach and more contextualised research. Keywords: child maltreatment, forensic assessment, neglect, complex trauma, psychological diagnosis. El maltrato y la negligencia infantil generan secuelas psicológicas profundas que requieren evaluaciones forenses rigurosas, dado su impacto en la toma de decisiones judiciales orientadas a la protección de niños, niñas y adolescentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar, mediante una revisión sistemática, los métodos y procedimientos forenses empleados para evaluar las secuelas psicológicas del maltrato y la negligencia infantil, analizando la evidencia disponible sobre su validez, precisión diagnóstica y pertinencia para la protección emocional del niño. La investigación siguió los lineamientos PRISMA 2020 y, tras la revisión de 518 registros, se seleccionaron 14 estudios evaluados con herramientas CASP y JBI. Los resultados evidencian una alta heterogeneidad metodológica, con predominio de entrevistas clínicas, pruebas psicométricas y enfoques multimétodo, muchos de ellos sin validación específica para población ecuatoriana. Asimismo, se identificaron barreras estructurales como la falta de protocolos estandarizados, capacitación especializada y articulación interinstitucional. Se concluye que fortalecer la evaluación forense infantil requiere estandarización técnica, enfoque sensible al trauma y mayor investigación contextualizada. Palabras claves: maltrato infantil, evaluación forense, negligencia, trauma complejo, diagnóstico psicológico. ABSTRACT Child abuse and neglect generate profound psychological sequelae that require rigorous forensic evaluations, given their impact on judicial decision-making for the protection of children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine, through a systematic review, the forensic methods and procedures used to assess the psychological sequelae of child abuse and neglect, analysing the available evidence on their validity, diagnostic accuracy and relevance for the emotional protection of children. The research followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and, after reviewing 518 records, 14 studies evaluated with CASP and JBI tools were selected. The results show a high degree of methodological heterogeneity, with a predominance of clinical interviews, psychometric tests and multi-method approaches, many of them without specific validation for the Ecuadorian population. Structural barriers were also identified, such as the lack of standardised protocols, specialised training and inter-institutional coordination. It is concluded that strengthening child forensic assessment requires technical standardisation, a trauma-sensitive approach and more contextualised research. Keywords: child maltreatment, forensic assessment, neglect, complex trauma, psychological diagnosis. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de octubre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 22 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 20 de enero de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-01-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/959 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 349-375 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 349-375 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/959/1601 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/959/1602 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1124 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Strategic Institutional Diversification Model (SMD): transformation, sustainability and growth in public companies Modelo de Diversificación Institucional Estratégica (MDIE): transformación, sostenibilidad y crecimiento en empresas públicas García-Navarro, Boris Andrés Empresas públicas, diversificación estratégica, sostenibilidad financiera, gobernanza pública, innovación institucional Public enterprises, strategic diversification, financial sustainability, public governance, institutional innovation Financial sustainability and public value generation represent structural challenges for public enterprises in contexts characterized by budgetary constraints, digital transformation, and increasing citizen demands. This research aimed to develop a legal-managerial strategic diversification model focused on strengthening institutional transformation, financial sustainability, and organizational growth within the framework of the principle of legality and the new public management. The legal issue addressed consisted of determining the extent to which public enterprises may diversify their business lines without undermining their institutional purpose or violating the principles governing public administration. A qualitative methodology with a dogmatic, analytical, and propositional approach was applied, supported by normative, doctrinal, and comparative analysis of the legal regime of public enterprises and contemporary strategic management models. As a result, the Strategic Institutional Diversification Model (SIDM) was developed, structured around four pillars: institutional core, functional expansion, complementary diversification, and financial sustainability. The findings demonstrate that legally aligned diversification strengthens financial autonomy, organizational resilience, and public value generation. Keywords: Public enterprises, strategic diversification, financial sustainability, public governance, institutional innovation. La sostenibilidad financiera y la generación de valor público representan desafíos estructurales para las empresas públicas en contextos de restricciones presupuestarias, transformación digital y mayores exigencias ciudadanas. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo desarrollar un modelo jurídico-gerencial de diversificación estratégica orientado al fortalecimiento institucional, la sostenibilidad financiera y el crecimiento organizacional, dentro del marco del principio de legalidad y de la nueva gestión pública. El problema jurídico analizado consistió en determinar hasta qué punto las empresas públicas pueden diversificar sus líneas de negocio sin desnaturalizar su objeto institucional ni vulnerar los principios que rigen la administración pública. Para ello, se aplicó una metodología cualitativa, de enfoque dogmático, analítico y propositivo, sustentada en el análisis normativo, doctrinario y comparado del régimen jurídico de las empresas públicas y de los modelos contemporáneos de gestión estratégica. Como resultado, se formuló el Modelo de Diversificación Institucional Estratégica (MDIE), integrado por cuatro pilares: núcleo institucional, expansión funcional, diversificación complementaria y sostenibilidad financiera, evidenciándose que una diversificación jurídicamente alineada fortalece la autonomía financiera, la resiliencia organizacional y la generación de valor público. Palabras claves: Empresas públicas, diversificación estratégica, sostenibilidad financiera, gobernanza pública, innovación institucional. ABSTRACT Financial sustainability and public value generation represent structural challenges for public enterprises in contexts characterized by budgetary constraints, digital transformation, and increasing citizen demands. This research aimed to develop a legal-managerial strategic diversification model focused on strengthening institutional transformation, financial sustainability, and organizational growth within the framework of the principle of legality and the new public management. The legal issue addressed consisted of determining the extent to which public enterprises may diversify their business lines without undermining their institutional purpose or violating the principles governing public administration. A qualitative methodology with a dogmatic, analytical, and propositional approach was applied, supported by normative, doctrinal, and comparative analysis of the legal regime of public enterprises and contemporary strategic management models. As a result, the Strategic Institutional Diversification Model (SIDM) was developed, structured around four pillars: institutional core, functional expansion, complementary diversification, and financial sustainability. The findings demonstrate that legally aligned diversification strengthens financial autonomy, organizational resilience, and public value generation. Keywords: Public enterprises, strategic diversification, financial sustainability, public governance, institutional innovation. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de marzo de 2026.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de mayo de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1124 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 376-395 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 376-395 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1124/1863 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1124/1864 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1125 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Digital strategies and use of artificial intelligence in postgraduate education Estrategias digitales y uso de inteligencia artificial en la educación de posgrado Navarro-Molina, Carlos Ernesto García-Cañarte, Gabriela estrategias digitales, inteligencia artificial, educación de posgrado, análisis lexicométrico, lineamientos estratégicos digital strategies, artificial intelligence, postgraduate education, lexicometric analysis, strategic guidelines This study characterized and interpreted the implementation of digital strategies and the pedagogical use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools by postgraduate instructors at Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM). A mixed-methods, non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a descriptive–propositional scope was adopted. A Likert-type questionnaire (n=20) and two open-ended questions were administered; closed items were analyzed through descriptive statistics, while open responses were examined using lexicometric analysis in IRaMuTeQ (Descending Hierarchical Classification and Correspondence Factor Analysis). Results show wide adoption of virtual platforms and multimedia resources, whereas active digital didactic strategies and pedagogical AI use remain more heterogeneous. Lexicometric findings point to an ambivalent discourse: AI is linked to information access, efficiency, and support for learning and research processes, but concerns emerge regarding plagiarism, academic integrity, and a potential weakening of critical thinking when used uncritically. Based on these findings, strategic guidelines were proposed around teacher competencies, pedagogical–technological integration, and ethical governance, and were positively assessed through expert judgment (n=6). The study concludes that responsible AI integration in postgraduate education requires training, assessment redesign, and clear institutional policies. Keywords: digital strategies, artificial intelligence, postgraduate education, lexicometric analysis, strategic guidelines. El estudio caracterizó e interpretó la implementación de estrategias digitales y el uso pedagógico de herramientas de inteligencia artificial (IA) por docentes de programas de posgrado de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM). Se empleó un enfoque mixto, no experimental y transversal, con alcance descriptivo-propositivo. Se aplicó un cuestionario tipo Likert (n=20) y dos preguntas abiertas; los ítems cerrados se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva y las respuestas abiertas mediante análisis lexicométrico en IRaMuTeQ (Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente y Análisis Factorial de Correspondencias). Los resultados evidencian incorporación de plataformas virtuales y recursos multimedia, mientras que las estrategias didácticas digitales activas y el uso pedagógico de la IA presentan mayor heterogeneidad. El análisis lexicométrico revela un discurso ambivalente: primero la IA se asocia con acceso a información, eficiencia y apoyo a procesos de aprendizaje e investigación; por consiguiente, también emergen preocupaciones por plagio, integridad académica y posible debilitamiento del pensamiento crítico si se utiliza de manera acrítica. Con base en estos hallazgos se propusieron lineamientos estratégicos en competencias docentes, integración pedagógico-tecnológica y gobernanza ética, validados mediante juicio de expertos (n=6). Se concluye que la integración responsable de la IA en el posgrado requiere formación, rediseño evaluativo y políticas institucionales claras. Palabras claves: estrategias digitales, inteligencia artificial, educación de posgrado, análisis lexicométrico, lineamientos estratégicos. ABSTRACT This study characterized and interpreted the implementation of digital strategies and the pedagogical use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools by postgraduate instructors at Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM). A mixed-methods, non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a descriptive–propositional scope was adopted. A Likert-type questionnaire (n=20) and two open-ended questions were administered; closed items were analyzed through descriptive statistics, while open responses were examined using lexicometric analysis in IRaMuTeQ (Descending Hierarchical Classification and Correspondence Factor Analysis). Results show wide adoption of virtual platforms and multimedia resources, whereas active digital didactic strategies and pedagogical AI use remain more heterogeneous. Lexicometric findings point to an ambivalent discourse: AI is linked to information access, efficiency, and support for learning and research processes, but concerns emerge regarding plagiarism, academic integrity, and a potential weakening of critical thinking when used uncritically. Based on these findings, strategic guidelines were proposed around teacher competencies, pedagogical–technological integration, and ethical governance, and were positively assessed through expert judgment (n=6). The study concludes that responsible AI integration in postgraduate education requires training, assessment redesign, and clear institutional policies. Keywords: digital strategies, artificial intelligence, postgraduate education, lexicometric analysis, strategic guidelines. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 31 de enero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1125 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 396-416 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 396-416 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1125/1865 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1125/1866 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1127 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Activities designed in Google Sites to improve English comprehension in eighth-grade students of Upper Basic Education Actividades diseñadas en Google Sites para mejorar la comprensión del inglés en estudiantes de octavo año de Educación Básica Superior Barberán-Gilces, Elisa Fabiola Vélez-Loor, Jessica Monserrate Google Sites, comprensión del idioma inglés, comprensión lectora, comprensión auditiva, estrategia didáctica Google Sites, English language comprehension, reading comprehension, listening comprehension, teaching strategy The central purpose of this study was to design a teaching strategy based on Google Sites to improve the English reading and listening comprehension of eighth-grade students at the "San Francisco de Asís" Educational Unit. A mixed methodology was adopted, combining a diagnostic assessment of English language comprehension skills with expert validation. A survey and a diagnostic test were administered to 25 students, and two teachers were interviewed. The results revealed a significant contradiction: while their motivation toward using digital resources was very high (60% strongly agreed), their actual competence in reading and listening comprehension was concentrated at an intermediate level (40% and 44%, respectively). A proposal based on Google Sites was designed and unanimously validated by five experts, who rated it as excellent in all criteria: relevance, clarity, applicability, innovation, and expected impact. This endorsement confirms that the strategy is pedagogically sound and feasible, with high potential to strengthen English reading and listening comprehension. Keywords: Google Sites, English language comprehension, reading comprehension, listening comprehension, teaching strategy. Este estudio tuvo como propósito central diseñar una estrategia didáctica basada en Google Sites para mejorar la comprensión lectora y auditiva en inglés de los estudiantes de octavo año de Educación General Básica en la Unidad Educativa “San Francisco de Asís”. Se adoptó una metodología mixta que combinó el diagnóstico de destrezas de compresión del idioma inglés con la validación de expertos. Se aplicó una encuesta y una prueba diagnóstica a 25 estudiantes y una entrevista a dos docentes. Obteniendo como resultado una contradicción significativa: mientras su motivación hacia el uso de recursos digitales es muy alta (60% totalmente de acuerdo), su competencia real en comprensión lectora y auditiva se concentra en un nivel intermedio (40% y 44%, respectivamente). Se diseñó una propuesta con base en Google Sites y fue validada de manera unánime por 5 expertos, quienes la calificaron como excelente en todos los criterios: pertinencia, claridad, aplicabilidad, innovación e impacto esperado. Este respaldo avala que la estrategia es pedagógicamente sólida y factible, con un alto potencial para fortalecer la comprensión lectora y auditiva del inglés. Palabras claves: Google Sites, comprensión del idioma inglés, comprensión lectora, comprensión auditiva, estrategia didáctica. ABSTRACT The central purpose of this study was to design a teaching strategy based on Google Sites to improve the English reading and listening comprehension of eighth-grade students at the "San Francisco de Asís" Educational Unit. A mixed methodology was adopted, combining a diagnostic assessment of English language comprehension skills with expert validation. A survey and a diagnostic test were administered to 25 students, and two teachers were interviewed. The results revealed a significant contradiction: while their motivation toward using digital resources was very high (60% strongly agreed), their actual competence in reading and listening comprehension was concentrated at an intermediate level (40% and 44%, respectively). A proposal based on Google Sites was designed and unanimously validated by five experts, who rated it as excellent in all criteria: relevance, clarity, applicability, innovation, and expected impact. This endorsement confirms that the strategy is pedagogically sound and feasible, with high potential to strengthen English reading and listening comprehension. Keywords: Google Sites, English language comprehension, reading comprehension, listening comprehension, teaching strategy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de enero de 2026.Fecha de aceptación: 23 de marzo de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1127 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 417-440 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 417-440 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1127/1867 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1127/1868 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1128 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

The Reading and Writing as Learning Strategies in Students of the ‘Julio Larrea’ School” La lecto-escritura como estrategia de aprendizaje en los estudiantes de la Escuela “Julio Larrea” Alvarado-Campozano, Xavier Antonio García-Cañarte, Gabriela Lecto-escritura, estrategia de aprendizaje, apoyo familiar, educación básica Reading and writing, learning strategy, family support, basic education The present study purpose to analyze reading and writing as a learning strategy among students of the “Julio Larrea” School, located at km 20 in Sucre canton. Was set The general objective analyze literacy as a learning strategy in the students of said educational institution. A quantitative, descriptive methodological approach was adopted. Data were collected through surveys administered to parents, interviews with teachers, and a didactic test applied to students. The results showed that parental support in the learning of reading and writing is limited, as 80.96% of parents reported providing little support, while 19.04% reported no support at all. Likewise, it was found that 52.38% of the students obtained low scores on the phoneme discrimination and digit repetition test, whereas only 28.57% achieved a high level of performance, revealing difficulties in basic reading and writing skills. Additionally, 75% of teachers rated students’ reading comprehension levels as low, identifying demotivation, limited family support, and inappropriate use of technological devices as the main difficulties. It is concluded that the low level of family involvement and methodological limitations negatively affect the teaching–learning process of reading and writing in basic education students. Keywords: Reading and writing, learning strategy, family support, basic education. La presente investigación tuvo como propósito analizar la lecto-escritura como estrategia de aprendizaje en los estudiantes de la Escuela “Julio Larrea” del km20, cantón Sucre. Se planteó como objetivo general analizar la lecto-escritura como estrategia de aprendizaje en los estudiantes de dicha institución educativa. El enfoque metodológico fue cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, se aplicaron encuestas a padres de familia, entrevista a docentes y un test didáctico a los estudiantes. Los resultados evidenciaron un bajo nivel de acompañamiento familiar en el proceso de aprendizaje de la lecto-escritura, ya que el 80,96% de los padres manifestó brindar poco acompañamiento y el 19,04% ningún tipo de acompañamiento. Asimismo, el test aplicado a estudiantes reflejó dificultades en habilidades básicas del proceso lector y escritor, pues el 52,38% obtuvo calificaciones bajas, mientras que solo el 28,57% alcanzó un desempeño alto. Por su parte, el 75% de los docentes calificó el nivel de comprensión lectora de los estudiantes como bajo, identificando como principales dificultades la desmotivación, el escaso apoyo familiar y el uso inadecuado de dispositivos tecnológicos. Se concluye que el bajo nivel de acompañamiento familiar y las limitaciones metodológicas inciden negativamente el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la lecto-escritura en los estudiantes de educación básica. Palabras claves: Lecto-escritura, estrategia de aprendizaje, apoyo familiar, educación básica. ABSTRACT The present study purpose to analyze reading and writing as a learning strategy among students of the “Julio Larrea” School, located at km 20 in Sucre canton. Was set The general objective analyze literacy as a learning strategy in the students of said educational institution. A quantitative, descriptive methodological approach was adopted. Data were collected through surveys administered to parents, interviews with teachers, and a didactic test applied to students. The results showed that parental support in the learning of reading and writing is limited, as 80.96% of parents reported providing little support, while 19.04% reported no support at all. Likewise, it was found that 52.38% of the students obtained low scores on the phoneme discrimination and digit repetition test, whereas only 28.57% achieved a high level of performance, revealing difficulties in basic reading and writing skills. Additionally, 75% of teachers rated students’ reading comprehension levels as low, identifying demotivation, limited family support, and inappropriate use of technological devices as the main difficulties. It is concluded that the low level of family involvement and methodological limitations negatively affect the teaching–learning process of reading and writing in basic education students. Keywords: Reading and writing, learning strategy, family support, basic education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 28 de enero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1128 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 441-458 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 441-458 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1128/1869 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1128/1870 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1129 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Leadership styles in educational communities and their influence on change management Estilos de liderazgo en comunidades educativas y su influencia en la gestión de cambio García-Ortiz, Kleber Juvenal Macías-Macías, José Denys Liderazgo, Comunidades educativas, Gestión de cambio Leadership, Educational communities, Change management This study aims to analyze leadership styles in improving change management within the educational community. To this end, a thorough theoretical foundation is established regarding leadership styles and change management, based on research by classic and contemporary authors, starting from their conceptual definitions and characteristics. The applied approach was mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) with inductive methods. The research type was correlational, and the design was documentary. The techniques used were surveys and interviews, with the instruments being a survey of teachers and an interview with the head of the educational institution. The sample consisted of 11 teachers and 1 head of the institution. The results are presented in tables and statistical figures, providing a diagnosis of the leadership styles applied by teachers in the educational community. The study concludes that the head of the educational institution still maintains traditional or hierarchical leadership styles, which means that their actions do not integrate the entire educational community. Keywords: Leadership, Educational communities, Change management. El estudio tiene como objetivo el de Analizar los estilos de liderazgo en el mejoramiento de la gestión de cambio en la comunidad educativa, para lo cual se realiza una profunda fundamentación teórica sobre los estilos de liderazgo y gestión de cambio con base a investigaciones de autores clásicos y actuales, partiendo desde sus definiciones conceptuales y características.  En enfoque aplicado fue el cuali-cuantitativo o mixto, con métodos inductivo; siendo el tipo de investigación correlacional, siendo el diseño documental. Las técnicas aplicadas fueron las encuesta y entrevista, siendo los instrumentos una encuesta a los docentes y una entrevista a la autoridad de la institución educativa. La muestra quedó conformada por 11 profesores y 1 autoridad cuyos resultados fueron expuestos en tablas y figuras estadísticas, cuyos resultados tienen que ver con la obtención de un diagnóstico sobre los tipos de liderazgos que aplican los docentes en la comunidad educativa, concluyendo que el director de la institución educativa aún mantiene estilos de liderazgo tradicional o jerarquizado, lo que conlleva que en su accionar no íntegra a toda la comunidad educativa. Palabras claves: Liderazgo, Comunidades educativas, Gestión de cambio. ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze leadership styles in improving change management within the educational community. To this end, a thorough theoretical foundation is established regarding leadership styles and change management, based on research by classic and contemporary authors, starting from their conceptual definitions and characteristics. The applied approach was mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) with inductive methods. The research type was correlational, and the design was documentary. The techniques used were surveys and interviews, with the instruments being a survey of teachers and an interview with the head of the educational institution. The sample consisted of 11 teachers and 1 head of the institution. The results are presented in tables and statistical figures, providing a diagnosis of the leadership styles applied by teachers in the educational community. The study concludes that the head of the educational institution still maintains traditional or hierarchical leadership styles, which means that their actions do not integrate the entire educational community. Keywords: Leadership, Educational communities, Change management. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 09 de enero de 2026.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de marzo de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1129 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 459-483 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 459-483 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1129/1871 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1129/1872 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1130 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Interactive digital resources as a pedagogical innovation strategy to strengthen the teaching-learning process in the BGU of the Eugenio Espejo Educational Unit Recursos digitales interactivos como estrategia de innovación pedagógica para el fortalecimiento del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en el BGU de la Unidad Educativa Eugenio Espejo Delgado-Zambrano, Héctor Ignacio Macías-Hidalgo, Karla Elizabeth innovación pedagógica, aprendizaje activo, competencias digitales, enseñanza interactiva pedagogical innovation; active learning; digital competences; social impact; planning The objective of this research was to analyze the use of interactive digital resources as a pedagogical innovation strategy in the Unified General Baccalaureate of the Eugenio Espejo Educational Unit. The study was developed under a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental descriptive design. The population was made up of 115 students and 19 teachers, from which a sample of 89 students was selected through simple random sampling. To collect data, a questionnaire with a Likert-type scale was applied to teachers and students. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results show a favorable assessment regarding the use of interactive digital resources, highlighting their contribution to the motivation, participation and autonomous learning of students. It is concluded that the integration of these resources constitutes a relevant pedagogical strategy to strengthen the teaching-learning processes in the Unified General Baccalaureate. Keywords: pedagogical innovation; active learning; digital competences; social impact; planning. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el uso de recursos digitales interactivos como estrategia de innovación pedagógica en el Bachillerato General Unificado de la Unidad Educativa Eugenio Espejo. El estudio se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental de tipo descriptivo. La población estuvo conformada por 115 estudiantes y 19 docentes, de los cuales se seleccionó una muestra de 89 estudiantes mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó un cuestionario con escala tipo Likert dirigido a docentes y estudiantes. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva. Los resultados evidencian una valoración favorable respecto al uso de recursos digitales interactivos, destacando su contribución a la motivación, la participación y el aprendizaje autónomo de los estudiantes. Se concluye que la integración de estos recursos constituye una estrategia pedagógica pertinente para fortalecer los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el Bachillerato General Unificado. Palabras claves: innovación pedagógica, aprendizaje activo, competencias digitales, enseñanza interactiva. ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to analyze the use of interactive digital resources as a pedagogical innovation strategy in the Unified General Baccalaureate of the Eugenio Espejo Educational Unit. The study was developed under a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental descriptive design. The population was made up of 115 students and 19 teachers, from which a sample of 89 students was selected through simple random sampling. To collect data, a questionnaire with a Likert-type scale was applied to teachers and students. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results show a favorable assessment regarding the use of interactive digital resources, highlighting their contribution to the motivation, participation and autonomous learning of students. It is concluded that the integration of these resources constitutes a relevant pedagogical strategy to strengthen the teaching-learning processes in the Unified General Baccalaureate. Keywords: pedagogical innovation; active learning; digital competences; social impact; planning. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 09 de enero de 2026.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de marzo de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1130 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 484-503 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 484-503 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1130/1873 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1130/1874 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1131 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

The psychological expertise in probate cases in Ecuador El peritaje psicológico en los juicios de interdicción testamentaria en Ecuador Ostaíza-Chávez, María Daniela Casanova-Casanova, Jean Pierre Peritaje psicológico, Interdicción, Alzheimer, Bioética, Protocolo interdisciplinario Psychological evaluation, Prohibition, Alzheimer’s disease, Bioethics, Interdisciplinary protocol The lack of interdisciplinary protocols in the articulation of psychological expertise and judicial procedure, generates serious bioethical challenges between protection and autonomy, as well as conflicts between law and psychology about the value and application of expertise in Alzheimer’s testamentary interdiction processes. This results in a person being radically restricted from managing his or her assets. This research analyzed the application of psychological expertise in these processes in Ecuador, through a case study in which a mixed approach was used, descriptive and exploratory, in which documentary review techniques of a judicial record were used, surveys and interviews with lawyers and forensic psychologists. As for the results, it was evident that although the experts use scientific bases in their reports, there is no standardized protocol to guide the interdisciplinary practice of these processes, concluding with the need to develop specific protocols that overcome conflicts in terms of methodology and bioethics, ensuring that the assessment is much more effective. Keywords: Psychological evaluation, Prohibition, Alzheimer’s disease, Bioethics, Interdisciplinary protocol. El peritaje psicológico en casos de interdicción testamentaria es crucial porque permiten demostrar la falta de capacidad mental de una persona para poder testar, la falta de protocolos interdisciplinarios en la articulación del peritaje psicológico y procedimiento judicial, genera serios desafíos bioéticos entre la protección y autonomía, así como también conflictos entre el derecho y la psicología sobre el valor y aplicación del peritaje estos procesos porque esto deriva a la restricción radical de una persona a administrar sus bienes. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la aplicación del peritaje psicológico en estos procesos en Ecuador, mediante un estudio de caso en el cual se utilizó un enfoque mixto, descriptivo y exploratorio, en el que se emplearon técnicas de revisión documental de un expediente judicial, encuestas y entrevistas a abogados y psicólogos forenses. En cuanto a los resultados se evidenció que si bien los peritos emplean en la realización de sus informes bases científicas, no existe un protocolo estandarizado que pueda guiar la práctica interdisciplinaria de estos proceso, concluyendo así con la necesidad de desarrollar protocolos específicos que superen los conflictos en cuanto a la metodología y a la bioética, asegurando que la valoración sea mucho más efectiva. Palabras claves: Peritaje psicológico, Interdicción, Alzheimer, Bioética, Protocolo interdisciplinario. ABSTRACT The lack of interdisciplinary protocols in the articulation of psychological expertise and judicial procedure, generates serious bioethical challenges between protection and autonomy, as well as conflicts between law and psychology about the value and application of expertise in Alzheimer’s testamentary interdiction processes. This results in a person being radically restricted from managing his or her assets. This research analyzed the application of psychological expertise in these processes in Ecuador, through a case study in which a mixed approach was used, descriptive and exploratory, in which documentary review techniques of a judicial record were used, surveys and interviews with lawyers and forensic psychologists. As for the results, it was evident that although the experts use scientific bases in their reports, there is no standardized protocol to guide the interdisciplinary practice of these processes, concluding with the need to develop specific protocols that overcome conflicts in terms of methodology and bioethics, ensuring that the assessment is much more effective. Keywords: Psychological evaluation, Prohibition, Alzheimer’s disease, Bioethics, Interdisciplinary protocol. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de enero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1131 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 504-526 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 504-526 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1131/1875 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1131/1876 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1132 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Educommunication and digital literacy Educomunicación y alfabetización digital Contreras-Herrera, Verónica Margarita Chiriboga-Mendoza, Fidel Educomunicación, Alfabetización digital, Aula digital, Tecnología educativa, Contexto rural Educommunication, Digital literacy, Digital classroom, Educational technology, Rural context This study analyses the impact of the implementation of a digital classroom as a pedagogical strategy to strengthen educommunication and digital literacy skills in second year high school students in a rural institution. In response to the digital and pedagogical gaps present in these environments, a mixed methodological approach integrating surveys, interviews and documentary analysis was employed. The quantitative results reflect a significant improvement in the creative and reflective use of tools such as ChatGPT and Suno AI, showing progress in content production, collaborative work and critical thinking. From the teachers' perspective, heterogeneous levels of technological appropriation were identified, which highlights the need for continuous training. Likewise, students rated the experience positively, although they pointed out limitations linked to access and connectivity. The study concludes that the digital classroom, beyond the instrumental use of technologies, is configured as a space for pedagogical innovation that promotes meaningful and equitable learning. It is proposed to consolidate this strategy through inclusive policies, teacher support and adequate technological equipment. Keywords: Educommunication, Digital literacy, Digital classroom, Educational technology, Rural context. El presente estudio analiza el impacto de la implementación de un aula digital como estrategia pedagógica para fortalecer las competencias de educomunicación y alfabetización digital en estudiantes de segundo de bachillerato de una institución rural. En respuesta a las brechas digitales y pedagógicas presentes en estos entornos, se empleó un enfoque metodológico mixto que integró encuestas, entrevistas y análisis documental. Los resultados cuantitativos reflejan una mejora significativa en el uso creativo y reflexivo de herramientas como ChatGPT y Suno AI, evidenciando avances en la producción de contenidos, el trabajo colaborativo y el pensamiento crítico. Desde la perspectiva docente, se identificaron niveles heterogéneos de apropiación tecnológica, lo que destaca la necesidad de capacitación continua. Asimismo, los estudiantes valoraron positivamente la experiencia, aunque señalaron limitaciones vinculadas al acceso y conectividad. El estudio concluye que el aula digital, más allá del uso instrumental de tecnologías, se configura como un espacio de innovación pedagógica que fomenta aprendizajes significativos y equitativos. Se propone consolidar esta estrategia a través de políticas inclusivas, acompañamiento docente y dotación tecnológica adecuada. Palabras claves: Educomunicación, Alfabetización digital, Aula digital, Tecnología educativa, Contexto rural. ABSTRACT This study analyses the impact of the implementation of a digital classroom as a pedagogical strategy to strengthen educommunication and digital literacy skills in second year high school students in a rural institution. In response to the digital and pedagogical gaps present in these environments, a mixed methodological approach integrating surveys, interviews and documentary analysis was employed. The quantitative results reflect a significant improvement in the creative and reflective use of tools such as ChatGPT and Suno AI, showing progress in content production, collaborative work and critical thinking. From the teachers' perspective, heterogeneous levels of technological appropriation were identified, which highlights the need for continuous training. Likewise, students rated the experience positively, although they pointed out limitations linked to access and connectivity. The study concludes that the digital classroom, beyond the instrumental use of technologies, is configured as a space for pedagogical innovation that promotes meaningful and equitable learning. It is proposed to consolidate this strategy through inclusive policies, teacher support and adequate technological equipment. Keywords: Educommunication, Digital literacy, Digital classroom, Educational technology, Rural context. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 10 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 08 de abril de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1132 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 527-548 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 527-548 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1132/1877 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1132/1878 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1133 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Playful activities as educational innovation to promote mathematical learning of students with dyscalculia Actividades lúdicas como innovación educativa para favorecer el aprendizaje matemático de estudiantes con discalculia Cantos-Bolaños, Alondra Maili Vega-Intriago, Jisson Oswaldo discalculia, actividades lúdicas, innovación educativa, aprendizaje matemático, educación inclusiva dyscalculia, recreational activities, educational innovation, mathematical learning, inclusive education Dyscalculia is a specific learning disability that directly affects the understanding of numbers, mental calculation, and the resolution of basic operations, significantly influencing academic performance and students' motivation toward mathematics. This condition is not related to a lack of intelligence, but rather to alterations in the cognitive processes involved in logical-mathematical reasoning, working memory, and numerical perception. Faced with this challenge, play-based learning activities are proposed as an innovative educational strategy with an inclusive approach, as they allow for the transformation of traditional learning into dynamic, participatory, and meaningful experiences. Through play, students strengthen basic mathematical skills, develop greater self-confidence, and reduce anxiety about the subject. The objective of this research was to analyze the impact of play-based learning activities on the mathematical learning of students with dyscalculia. The study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative and quantitative methods, with a quasi-experimental, descriptive, and comparative design. This allowed for the evaluation of changes occurring before and after the implementation of the pedagogical proposal. The population consisted of 50 primary school students from the Jacinto Valeriano Educational Unit, located in the 24 de Mayo canton. A non-probabilistic, purposive sample of six students with a psychoeducational diagnosis of dyscalculia, issued by the Student Counseling Department (DECE), was selected, prioritizing those cases with the greatest difficulties in mathematics. The following instruments were used for data collection: a diagnostic test of mathematical skills (pre-test and post-test) to measure academic progress; classroom performance observation forms; and semi-structured interviews with teachers to understand their perceptions of student progress and participation. The study focused on numerical comprehension, mental calculation, solving basic operations, and, especially, motivation toward mathematical learning. It is concluded that the systematic implementation of play-based activities promotes the development of mathematical skills in students with dyscalculia, strengthening a more inclusive, participatory educational process adapted to their needs. Keywords: dyscalculia, recreational activities, educational innovation, mathematical learning, inclusive education. La discalculia es una dificultad específica del aprendizaje que afecta directamente la comprensión de los números, el cálculo mental y la resolución de operaciones básicas, influyendo de manera significativa en el rendimiento académico y en la motivación de los estudiantes hacia la matemática. Esta condición no se relaciona con falta de inteligencia, sino con alteraciones en los procesos cognitivos que intervienen en el razonamiento lógico-matemático, la memoria de trabajo y la percepción numérica. Frente a esta problemática, las actividades lúdicas se plantean como una estrategia de innovación educativa con enfoque inclusivo, ya que permiten transformar el aprendizaje tradicional en experiencias dinámicas, participativas y significativas. A través del juego, los estudiantes fortalecen habilidades matemáticas básicas, desarrollan mayor seguridad en sí mismos y reducen la ansiedad frente a la asignatura. El objetivo de la investigación fue Elaborar actividades lúdicas que estimulen el aprendizaje matemático en estudiantes con discalculia. El estudio se desarrolló bajo un enfoque mixto, integrando métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, con un diseño cuasi-experimental de tipo descriptivo y comparativo. Esto permitió evaluar los cambios producidos antes y después de la aplicación de la propuesta pedagógica. La población estuvo conformada por 50 estudiantes de educación primaria de la Unidad Educativa Jacinto Valeriano, ubicada en el cantón 24 de Mayo. Se seleccionó una muestra intencional no probabilística de seis estudiantes con diagnóstico psicopedagógico de discalculia, emitido por el Departamento de Consejería Estudiantil (DECE), priorizando aquellos casos con mayores dificultades en el área matemática. Para la recolección de datos se aplicaron los siguientes instrumentos: una prueba diagnóstica de habilidades matemáticas (pretest y post-test) para medir el progreso académico; fichas de observación del desempeño en el aula; y entrevistas semiestructuradas dirigidas a los docentes, con el fin de conocer percepciones sobre el avance y la participación de los estudiantes. La comprensión numérica, el cálculo mental, la resolución de operaciones básicas y, especialmente, en la motivación hacia el aprendizaje matemático. Se concluye que la implementación sistemática de actividades lúdicas favorece el desarrollo de competencias matemáticas en estudiantes con discalculia, fortaleciendo un proceso educativo más inclusivo, participativo y adaptado a sus necesidades. Palabras claves: discalculia, actividades lúdicas, innovación educativa, aprendizaje matemático, educación inclusiva. ABSTRACT Dyscalculia is a specific learning disability that directly affects the understanding of numbers, mental calculation, and the resolution of basic operations, significantly influencing academic performance and students' motivation toward mathematics. This condition is not related to a lack of intelligence, but rather to alterations in the cognitive processes involved in logical-mathematical reasoning, working memory, and numerical perception. Faced with this challenge, play-based learning activities are proposed as an innovative educational strategy with an inclusive approach, as they allow for the transformation of traditional learning into dynamic, participatory, and meaningful experiences. Through play, students strengthen basic mathematical skills, develop greater self-confidence, and reduce anxiety about the subject. The objective of this research was to analyze the impact of play-based learning activities on the mathematical learning of students with dyscalculia. The study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative and quantitative methods, with a quasi-experimental, descriptive, and comparative design. This allowed for the evaluation of changes occurring before and after the implementation of the pedagogical proposal. The population consisted of 50 primary school students from the Jacinto Valeriano Educational Unit, located in the 24 de Mayo canton. A non-probabilistic, purposive sample of six students with a psychoeducational diagnosis of dyscalculia, issued by the Student Counseling Department (DECE), was selected, prioritizing those cases with the greatest difficulties in mathematics. The following instruments were used for data collection: a diagnostic test of mathematical skills (pre-test and post-test) to measure academic progress; classroom performance observation forms; and semi-structured interviews with teachers to understand their perceptions of student progress and participation. The study focused on numerical comprehension, mental calculation, solving basic operations, and, especially, motivation toward mathematical learning. It is concluded that the systematic implementation of play-based activities promotes the development of mathematical skills in students with dyscalculia, strengthening a more inclusive, participatory educational process adapted to their needs. Keywords: dyscalculia, recreational activities, educational innovation, mathematical learning, inclusive education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 12 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 19 de febrero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1133 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 549-564 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 549-564 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1133/1879 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1133/1880 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1134 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Innovation in classroom management through collaborative learning among ninth-grade students Innovación en la gestión del aula mediante aprendizaje colaborativo en estudiantes de noveno de básica Mero-Ruiz, Angie Antonella Guerrero-Aray, Kleber Gabriel colaborativo, aprendizaje, innovación, pedagógicas, gestión collaborative, learning, innovation, pedagogical, management The objective of this research was to analyze innovation strategies in classroom management oriented toward fostering collaborative learning among ninth-grade students at the Manabí Tecnológico Educational Unit. A mixed approach was chosen, with a sample consisting of 10 teachers and 87 students from two ninth-grade classrooms. Surveys were administered to students to identify aspects related to collaborative learning and assess their pedagogical needs, which prevent them from applying innovation 100% in the classroom. Teachers were interviewed to gain a deeper understanding of their perspective and experience of classroom management, to verify which innovation strategies they apply and what their limitations are in carrying out collaborative and innovative work. The teacher observation form served as complementary material to understand the results obtained in a more specific way. Among the most relevant results, only 40% of students report frequent use of active methodologies, the distribution of collaborative tasks is adequate for 77%, and 91% of students consider collaborative innovation in classroom management necessary to improve participation and group learning. Therefore, a pedagogical proposal focused on classroom management is presented. Teachers have adequate training, but despite applying active strategies, traditional management systems still predominate. It is evident that teachers apply methodologies such as gamification, flipped classrooms, and group project-based learning, as well as active and collaborative participation. Keywords: collaborative, learning, innovation, pedagogical, management. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar estrategias de innovación en la gestión del aula orientadas a fomentar el aprendizaje colaborativo en estudiantes de noveno año de educación básica en la Unidad Educativa “Manabí Tecnológico”, se optó por un enfoque mixto, donde la muestra estuvo conformada por 10 docentes y 87 estudiantes de dos aulas del noveno año de educación básica. Se aplicaron encuestas a los estudiantes para identificar aspectos relacionados con el aprendizaje colaborativo y evaluar las necesidades pedagógicas que están teniendo y por las cuales no aplican el 100% la innovación dentro de las aulas; entrevistas a los docentes para profundizar su perspectiva y vivencia sobre la gestión del aula, verificar que estrategias de innovación aplican y cuáles son sus limitaciones para realizar trabajos colaborativos e innovadores; y la ficha de observación a los docentes de la misma manera, la cual funciono como material complementario para entender de una manera más específica los resultados obtenidos. Entre los resultados más relevantes muestran que solo el 40% de los estudiantes reportan el uso frecuente de metodologías activas, la distribución de tareas colaborativas es adecuada para un 77%, y el 91% de los estudiantes consideran necesaria la innovación colaborativa, por tanto, se plantea una propuesta enfocada en la gestión del aula.  Los docentes poseen una formación adecuada a pesar de aplicar estrategias activas aun predominan sistemas de gestión tradicionales. Se evidencia que los docentes aplican metodologías como la gamificación, aula invertida y aprendizaje basado en proyectos grupales, participación activa y colaborativas. Palabras claves: colaborativo, aprendizaje, innovación, pedagógicas, gestión. ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to analyze innovation strategies in classroom management oriented toward fostering collaborative learning among ninth-grade students at the Manabí Tecnológico Educational Unit. A mixed approach was chosen, with a sample consisting of 10 teachers and 87 students from two ninth-grade classrooms. Surveys were administered to students to identify aspects related to collaborative learning and assess their pedagogical needs, which prevent them from applying innovation 100% in the classroom. Teachers were interviewed to gain a deeper understanding of their perspective and experience of classroom management, to verify which innovation strategies they apply and what their limitations are in carrying out collaborative and innovative work. The teacher observation form served as complementary material to understand the results obtained in a more specific way. Among the most relevant results, only 40% of students report frequent use of active methodologies, the distribution of collaborative tasks is adequate for 77%, and 91% of students consider collaborative innovation in classroom management necessary to improve participation and group learning. Therefore, a pedagogical proposal focused on classroom management is presented. Teachers have adequate training, but despite applying active strategies, traditional management systems still predominate. It is evident that teachers apply methodologies such as gamification, flipped classrooms, and group project-based learning, as well as active and collaborative participation. Keywords: collaborative, learning, innovation, pedagogical, management. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 12 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de enero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1134 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 565-589 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 565-589 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1134/1881 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1134/1882 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1135 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Psychological assessment in intrafamilial violence cases: A documentary review from forensic psychology Evaluación psicológica en casos de violencia intrafamiliar: Revisión documental desde la psicología forense Quintero-Mera, Steeven Arturo Cedeño-Cedeño, Vianka Salome violencia intrafamiliar, evaluación psicológica, psicología forense, revisión documental, Fiscalía domestic violence, psychological assessment, forensic psychology, documentary review, Prosecutor's Office Domestic violence represents a significant public health challenge and has a considerable legal impact on the psychological well-being of women victims. The objective of this article was to analyze the characteristics of the forensic psychological evaluations conducted on women victims of domestic violence assisted by the Provincial Prosecutor's Office of Manabí, through a documentary review of forensic case files. A qualitative, documentary, and cross-sectional study with a descriptive approach was developed, based on the analysis of forensic and legal files corresponding to 15 cases attended between the years 2020 and 2025. The results showed that psychological violence was the predominant type of violence in 80% of the reviewed cases, primarily associated with anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. In the majority of the cases analyzed, clinical and forensic interviews were used, complemented variably with psychometric tests such as the MMPI-2, PAI, Millon IV, and anxiety scales. However, variability in the application of these tests was observed depending on the cases, showing differences in the standardization of evaluative procedures. It is concluded that forensic psychological evaluations are a fundamental tool for identifying psychological harm in domestic violence cases. However, there is a need to strengthen methodological standardization and improve institutional conditions to optimize the quality and consistency of forensic reports in this context. Keywords: domestic violence, psychological assessment, forensic psychology, documentary review, Prosecutor's Office. La violencia intrafamiliar representa un desafío significativo para la salud pública y tiene un impacto jurídico considerable en el bienestar psicológico de las mujeres víctimas. El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar las características de las evaluaciones psicológicas forenses realizadas a mujeres víctimas de violencia intrafamiliar atendidas en la Fiscalía Provincial de Manabí, mediante una revisión documental de expedientes periciales. Se desarrolló un estudio cualitativo, de tipo documental y de corte exponencial, con un enfoque descriptivo, basado en el análisis de expedientes periciales y legales correspondientes a 15 casos atendidos entre los años 2020 y 2025. Los resultados mostraron que la violencia psicológica fue el tipo de violencia predominante en el 80% de los expedientes revisados, asociada principalmente con sintomatología ansiosa, depresiva y de estrés postraumático. En la mayoría de los casos analizados, se observó el uso de entrevistas clínicas y forenses, complementadas de forma variable con pruebas psicométricas, como el MMPI-2, PAI, Millon IV y escalas de ansiedad. Sin embargo, se evidenció una variabilidad en la aplicación de estas pruebas en función de los casos, lo que muestra diferencias en la estandarización de los procedimientos evaluativos. Se concluye que las evaluaciones psicológicas forenses son un recurso fundamental para identificar el daño psicológico en casos de violencia intrafamiliar. No obstante, se requiere un esfuerzo para fortalecer la estandarización metodológica y mejorar las condiciones institucionales con el fin de optimizar la calidad y la coherencia de los informes periciales en este contexto. Palabras claves: violencia intrafamiliar, evaluación psicológica, psicología forense, revisión documental, Fiscalía. ABSTRACT Domestic violence represents a significant public health challenge and has a considerable legal impact on the psychological well-being of women victims. The objective of this article was to analyze the characteristics of the forensic psychological evaluations conducted on women victims of domestic violence assisted by the Provincial Prosecutor's Office of Manabí, through a documentary review of forensic case files. A qualitative, documentary, and cross-sectional study with a descriptive approach was developed, based on the analysis of forensic and legal files corresponding to 15 cases attended between the years 2020 and 2025. The results showed that psychological violence was the predominant type of violence in 80% of the reviewed cases, primarily associated with anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. In the majority of the cases analyzed, clinical and forensic interviews were used, complemented variably with psychometric tests such as the MMPI-2, PAI, Millon IV, and anxiety scales. However, variability in the application of these tests was observed depending on the cases, showing differences in the standardization of evaluative procedures. It is concluded that forensic psychological evaluations are a fundamental tool for identifying psychological harm in domestic violence cases. However, there is a need to strengthen methodological standardization and improve institutional conditions to optimize the quality and consistency of forensic reports in this context. Keywords: domestic violence, psychological assessment, forensic psychology, documentary review, Prosecutor's Office. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de diciembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 05 de febrero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1135 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 590-611 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 590-611 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1135/1883 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1135/1884 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1136 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Educommunication and formative processes in emerging digital generations in the Cerezal Bellavista Educational Unit Educomunicación y procesos formativos en generaciones digitales emergentes en la Unidad Educativa Cerezal Bellavista Gonzabay-Tomalá, Said Alexander Vásquez-Calahorrano, Segundo Miguel educomunicación, generaciones digitales, alfabetización mediática, herramientas digitales, aprendizaje, contexto rural educommunication, digital generations,media literacy, digital tools, learning, rural context This study analyses the relationship between educommunication and the educational processes of emerging digital generations at the Cerezal Bellavista Educational Unit, a rural institution in Santa Elena, Ecuador. Using a mixed descriptive approach, a Likert questionnaire (α = 0.729) was administered to 91 technical high school students (94 valid questionnaires) and semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers and students. The results show that educommunication practices have a positive impact on motivation and critical thinking: 80.9% value the critical analysis of digital messages (M = 3.95) and 78% report functional appropriation of pedagogical tools (M = 3.90). However, gaps remain: 20.2% report difficulties in recognising misinformation (M = 3.60), highlighting a gap between self-perception and effective competence. Triangulation confirms that educommunication is a relevant pedagogical framework for rural contexts, provided that it is articulated with sustained institutional policies. Keywords: educommunication, digital generations,media literacy, digital tools, learning, rural context. El presente estudio analiza la relación entre la educomunicación y los procesos formativos de las generaciones digitales emergentes en la Unidad Educativa Cerezal Bellavista, institución rural de Santa Elena, Ecuador. Bajo un enfoque mixto descriptivo, se aplicó un cuestionario Likert (α = 0,729) a 91 estudiantes de bachillerato técnico (94 cuestionarios válidos) y se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a docentes y estudiantes.Los resultados evidencian que las prácticas educomunicativas inciden positivamente en la motivación y el pensamiento crítico: el 80,9 % valora el análisis crítico de mensajes digitales (M = 3,95) y el 78 % reporta apropiación funcional de herramientas pedagógicas (M = 3,90). No obstante, persisten brechas: el 20,2 % manifiesta dificultades para reconocer desinformación (M = 3,60), evidenciando una brecha entre autopercepción y competencia efectiva. La triangulación confirma que la educomunicación es un marco pedagógico pertinente para contextos rurales, siempre que se articule con políticas institucionales sostenidas. El estudio aporta evidencia empírica sobre la necesidad de transitar hacia modelos educomunicativos integradores que respondan a las dinámicas formativas de las generaciones digitales emergentes. Palabras claves: educomunicación, generaciones digitales, alfabetización mediática, herramientas digitales, aprendizaje, contexto rural. ABSTRACT This study analyses the relationship between educommunication and the educational processes of emerging digital generations at the Cerezal Bellavista Educational Unit, a rural institution in Santa Elena, Ecuador. Using a mixed descriptive approach, a Likert questionnaire (α = 0.729) was administered to 91 technical high school students (94 valid questionnaires) and semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers and students. The results show that educommunication practices have a positive impact on motivation and critical thinking: 80.9% value the critical analysis of digital messages (M = 3.95) and 78% report functional appropriation of pedagogical tools (M = 3.90). However, gaps remain: 20.2% report difficulties in recognising misinformation (M = 3.60), highlighting a gap between self-perception and effective competence. Triangulation confirms that educommunication is a relevant pedagogical framework for rural contexts, provided that it is articulated with sustained institutional policies. Keywords: educommunication, digital generations,media literacy, digital tools, learning, rural context. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 07 de enero de 2026.Fecha de aceptación: 02 de marzo de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1136 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 612-634 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 612-634 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1136/1885 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1136/1886 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1137 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Emotional states that influence a traffic accident and must be taken into account when judging Estados emocionales que influyen en un siniestro de tránsito y deben ser tomados en cuenta a la hora de juzgar Jacome-Madrid, Moises Siniestros de tránsito, estados psicoemocionales, informes periciales Traffic accidents, psycho-emotional states, expert reports The research analyzes the importance of considering the psycho-emotional states of individuals involved in traffic accidents, especially when they are deemed responsible for the incident. Through a quantitative approach and a non-experimental descriptive design, a survey was administered to 30 individuals, whose results indicate that emotional aspects are not being adequately considered in expert reports or in judicial processes. Although there is trained personnel capable of conducting such evaluations, forensic practice has focused on a technical approach, overlooking relevant human factors. This study does not seek to exempt offenders from responsibility, but rather to propose that the emotional component be considered as a complementary element that may influence judicial assessment, allowing for more fair and contextualized decisions. Keywords: Traffic accidents, psycho-emotional states, expert reports. La investigación analiza la importancia de considerar los estados psicoemocionales de las personas involucradas en siniestros de tránsito, especialmente cuando estas son consideradas responsables del hecho. A través de un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño no experimental de tipo descriptivo, se aplicó una encuesta a 30 personas, cuyos resultados reflejan que los aspectos emocionales no están siendo adecuadamente contemplados en los informes periciales ni en los procesos judiciales. Aunque existe personal capacitado para realizar este tipo de evaluaciones, la práctica pericial se ha centrado en un enfoque técnico, dejando de lado factores humanos relevantes. Este estudio no busca eximir de responsabilidad a los infractores, sino proponer que el componente emocional sea considerado como un elemento complementario que pueda influir en la valoración judicial, permitiendo decisiones más justas y contextualizadas. Palabras claves: Siniestros de tránsito, estados psicoemocionales, informes periciales. ABSTRACT The research analyzes the importance of considering the psycho-emotional states of individuals involved in traffic accidents, especially when they are deemed responsible for the incident. Through a quantitative approach and a non-experimental descriptive design, a survey was administered to 30 individuals, whose results indicate that emotional aspects are not being adequately considered in expert reports or in judicial processes. Although there is trained personnel capable of conducting such evaluations, forensic practice has focused on a technical approach, overlooking relevant human factors. This study does not seek to exempt offenders from responsibility, but rather to propose that the emotional component be considered as a complementary element that may influence judicial assessment, allowing for more fair and contextualized decisions. Keywords: Traffic accidents, psycho-emotional states, expert reports. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de febrero de 2026.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de abril de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1137 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 635-642 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 635-642 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1137/1887 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1137/1888 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1138 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Digital teaching competencies in times of transformation: a comparative study on their influence on innovative practices in Higher Education Competencias digitales docentes en tiempos de transformación: un estudio comparativo sobre su influencia en prácticas innovadoras en Educación Superior Sabando-Murillo, Gladys Macías-Martínez, Rosa Salas-Alvarado, Gabriela Fernanda Chilán-Vera, Gema Carolina Competencias digitales, Docentes, Innovación, Educación superior Digital skills, Teachers, Innovation, Higher education The research aimed to analyze the level of digital skills and the incorporation of innovative practices among faculty members at public universities in Quito, in order to identify strengths and weaknesses in their pedagogical performance. The methodology was based on a quantitative approach, with a descriptive and correlational design, applying a Likert-type survey to 60 faculty members from different academic areas. The main findings show that the majority of participants demonstrate a high level of digital pedagogical skills, particularly in instructional design with ICT (70%) and digital feedback (75%). However, online assessment received a lower percentage (60%), reflecting limitations in the use of digital measurement tools. Regarding technological competence, a solid command of virtual platforms was observed (80%), while the use of collaborative tools (67%) and multimedia resources (63%) was lower. Finally, the correlations show that digital skills are positively related to innovative practices such as active learning, flipped classrooms, and ICT projects, confirming that digital teacher development is a key factor for educational innovation. Keywords: Digital skills, Teachers, Innovation, Higher education. La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el nivel de competencias digitales y la incorporación de prácticas innovadoras en docentes de universidades públicas de Quito, con el fin de identificar fortalezas y debilidades en su desempeño pedagógico. La metodología se basó en un enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño descriptivo y correlacional, aplicando una encuesta tipo Likert a 60 docentes de distintas áreas académicas. Los principales hallazgos evidencian que la mayoría de los participantes presenta un nivel alto en competencias pedagógicas digitales, destacando el diseño didáctico con TIC (70%) y la retroalimentación digital (75%). Sin embargo, la evaluación en línea obtuvo un porcentaje menor (60%), lo que refleja limitaciones en el uso de herramientas de medición digital. En la competencia tecnológica, se observó un dominio sólido en el manejo de plataformas virtuales (80%), mientras que el uso de herramientas colaborativas (67%) y recursos multimedia (63%) fue más bajo. Finalmente, las correlaciones muestran que las competencias digitales se relacionan positivamente con prácticas innovadoras como el aprendizaje activo, el aula invertida y los proyectos con TIC, confirmando que el desarrollo digital docente es un factor clave para la innovación educativa. Palabras claves: Competencias digitales, Docentes, Innovación, Educación superior. ABSTRACT The research aimed to analyze the level of digital skills and the incorporation of innovative practices among faculty members at public universities in Quito, in order to identify strengths and weaknesses in their pedagogical performance. The methodology was based on a quantitative approach, with a descriptive and correlational design, applying a Likert-type survey to 60 faculty members from different academic areas. The main findings show that the majority of participants demonstrate a high level of digital pedagogical skills, particularly in instructional design with ICT (70%) and digital feedback (75%). However, online assessment received a lower percentage (60%), reflecting limitations in the use of digital measurement tools. Regarding technological competence, a solid command of virtual platforms was observed (80%), while the use of collaborative tools (67%) and multimedia resources (63%) was lower. Finally, the correlations show that digital skills are positively related to innovative practices such as active learning, flipped classrooms, and ICT projects, confirming that digital teacher development is a key factor for educational innovation. Keywords: Digital skills, Teachers, Innovation, Higher education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 07 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de enero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1138 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 643-666 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 643-666 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1138/1889 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1138/1890 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1139 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

Active hybrid models: Impact of digital pedagogical integration on student performance and retention in higher education Modelos híbridos activos: Impacto de la integración pedagógica digital en el rendimiento y la permanencia estudiantil en educación superior Calle-Landazuri, Doris Marcela Rodríguez-Cárdenas, Oscar Iván Segura-Villamar, Fátima Isabel Ibarra-Bajaña, Jackson Enrique Modelos híbridos activos, Integración pedagógica digital, Rendimiento académico, Educación universitaria Active hybrid models, Digital pedagogical integration, Academic performance, Higher education This research aimed to analyze the impact of digital pedagogical integration on academic performance and student retention within active hybrid models in higher education. It was developed as a correlational study with a quantitative approach, applied to a population of university students enrolled in hybrid courses during the analyzed academic period. Two main sources were used for data collection: a structured questionnaire that assessed digital pedagogical integration using 10 Likert-type items, and institutional records of academic performance and student retention. The results showed positive and statistically significant correlations between digital pedagogical integration and academic performance (ρ=0.58), as well as between digital pedagogical integration and student retention (ρ=0.46). Furthermore, a strong correlation was identified between academic performance and retention (ρ=0.63), confirming the close relationship between these two indicators. Taken together, the findings demonstrate that digital pedagogical integration is a key factor in active hybrid learning models, as it promotes both academic achievement and student retention throughout their educational journey. It is concluded that strengthening digital pedagogical integration can contribute to improving educational quality and fostering more effective and sustainable learning environments in higher education. Keywords: Active hybrid models, Digital pedagogical integration, Academic performance, Higher education. Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar el impacto de la integración pedagógica digital en el rendimiento académico y la permanencia estudiantil dentro de modelos híbridos activos en educación superior. Se desarrolló como un estudio de tipo correlacional con enfoque cuantitativo, aplicado a una población de estudiantes universitarios matriculados en asignaturas híbridas durante el periodo académico analizado. Para la recolección de datos se emplearon dos fuentes principales: un cuestionario estructurado que evaluó la integración pedagógica digital mediante 10 ítems tipo Likert y los registros institucionales de rendimiento académico y permanencia estudiantil. Los resultados mostraron correlaciones positivas y estadísticamente significativas entre la integración pedagógica digital y el rendimiento académico (ρ=0.58), así como entre la integración pedagógica digital y la permanencia estudiantil (ρ=0.46). Asimismo, se identificó una correlación fuerte entre el rendimiento académico y la permanencia (ρ=0.63), lo que confirma la estrecha relación entre ambos indicadores. En conjunto, los hallazgos evidencian que la integración pedagógica digital constituye un factor relevante dentro de los modelos híbridos activos, al favorecer tanto el logro académico como la continuidad de los estudiantes en su trayectoria formativa. Se concluye que fortalecer la integración pedagógica digital puede contribuir a mejorar la calidad educativa y a promover entornos de aprendizaje más efectivos y sostenibles en la educación superior. Palabras claves: Modelos híbridos activos, Integración pedagógica digital, Rendimiento académico, Educación universitaria. ABSTRACT This research aimed to analyze the impact of digital pedagogical integration on academic performance and student retention within active hybrid models in higher education. It was developed as a correlational study with a quantitative approach, applied to a population of university students enrolled in hybrid courses during the analyzed academic period. Two main sources were used for data collection: a structured questionnaire that assessed digital pedagogical integration using 10 Likert-type items, and institutional records of academic performance and student retention. The results showed positive and statistically significant correlations between digital pedagogical integration and academic performance (ρ=0.58), as well as between digital pedagogical integration and student retention (ρ=0.46). Furthermore, a strong correlation was identified between academic performance and retention (ρ=0.63), confirming the close relationship between these two indicators. Taken together, the findings demonstrate that digital pedagogical integration is a key factor in active hybrid learning models, as it promotes both academic achievement and student retention throughout their educational journey. It is concluded that strengthening digital pedagogical integration can contribute to improving educational quality and fostering more effective and sustainable learning environments in higher education. Keywords: Active hybrid models, Digital pedagogical integration, Academic performance, Higher education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 07 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de enero de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1139 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 667-693 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 667-693 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1139/1891 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1139/1892 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1140 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

The role of the educational director and the factors that influence gross and fine psychomotor development during early childhood El rol del gestor educativo y factores que inciden en el desarrollo psicomotriz gruesa y fina durante la primera infancia Guzmán-Puente, Narcisa de Jesús Freire-Sanisaca, Carmen Hipatia Castillo-Montúfar, César Gestión educativa, desarrollo infantil, psicomotricidad gruesa y fina, estimulación temprana, primera infancia Educational management, child development, gross and fine motor skills, early stimulation, early childhood Psychomotor development in early childhood is a multidimensional process influenced by institutional management and the socio-educational environment. This research analyzed the factors that affect gross and fine motor skills in infants aged 12 to 36 months at the "Gotitas de Lluvia" Child Development Center, positioning educational management as the central axis of the process. Using a mixed-methods approach and a non-experimental, cross-sectional design, a census sample of 36 children was studied. Psychomotor assessment forms were used for quantitative analysis, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers and administrators for the qualitative component, evaluating the impact of planning and resource management. The results show a high level of achievement in gross motor skills (41.7%), with superior performance in the 31- to 36-month age group. However, fine motor skills show significant delays, especially in the 12- to 24-month age group. It was identified that institutional management shows weaknesses in the provision of specific materials and in teacher training, in addition to a gap in guidance for parents or guardians that limits family participation to 58.3%. It is concluded that the manager's role is crucial to moving beyond isolated planning toward a co-responsibility strategy that guarantees effective and sustainable early childhood stimulation. Keywords: Educational management, child development, gross and fine motor skills, early stimulation, early childhood. El desarrollo psicomotor en la primera infancia es un proceso multidimensional condicionado por la gestión institucional y el entorno socioeducativo. Esta investigación analizó los factores que inciden en la motricidad gruesa y fina en infantes de 12 a 36 meses del Centro de Desarrollo Infantil “Gotitas de Lluvia”, posicionando a la gestión educativa como el eje articulador del proceso. Bajo un enfoque mixto y un diseño no experimental de corte transversal, se trabajó con una muestra censal de 36 niños. Se emplearon fichas de evaluación psicomotriz para el análisis cuantitativo y entrevistas semiestructuradas dirigidas a docentes y directivos para el componente cualitativo, evaluando la incidencia de la planificación y la administración de recursos. Los resultados muestran un nivel de logro alto en motricidad gruesa (41,7%), con un desempeño superior en el grupo de 31 a 36 meses. No obstante, la motricidad fina presenta rezagos significativos, especialmente en el estrato de 12 a 24 meses. Se identificó que la gestión institucional muestra debilidades en la dotación de materiales específicos y en la formación técnica docente, sumado a una brecha en la orientación a representantes que limita la participación familiar al 58,3%. Se concluye que el rol del gestor es determinante para trascender la planificación aislada hacia una estrategia de corresponsabilidad que garantice la estimulación temprana efectiva y sostenible. Palabras claves: Gestión educativa, desarrollo infantil, psicomotricidad gruesa y fina, estimulación temprana, primera infancia. ABSTRACT Psychomotor development in early childhood is a multidimensional process influenced by institutional management and the socio-educational environment. This research analyzed the factors that affect gross and fine motor skills in infants aged 12 to 36 months at the "Gotitas de Lluvia" Child Development Center, positioning educational management as the central axis of the process. Using a mixed-methods approach and a non-experimental, cross-sectional design, a census sample of 36 children was studied. Psychomotor assessment forms were used for quantitative analysis, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers and administrators for the qualitative component, evaluating the impact of planning and resource management. The results show a high level of achievement in gross motor skills (41.7%), with superior performance in the 31- to 36-month age group. However, fine motor skills show significant delays, especially in the 12- to 24-month age group. It was identified that institutional management shows weaknesses in the provision of specific materials and in teacher training, in addition to a gap in guidance for parents or guardians that limits family participation to 58.3%. It is concluded that the manager's role is crucial to moving beyond isolated planning toward a co-responsibility strategy that guarantees effective and sustainable early childhood stimulation. Keywords: Educational management, child development, gross and fine motor skills, early stimulation, early childhood. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de febrero de 2026.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de abril de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1140 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 694-707 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 694-707 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1140/1893 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1140/1894 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.soeici.org:article/1141 2026-08-04T02:31:35Z hexaciencias:ART

The Philosophy curriculum and its impact on cross-curricular skills in the Technical Baccalaureate in Accounting El currículo de Filosofía y su impacto en las competencias transversales en el Bachillerato Técnico en Contabilidad Alfonzo-Pin, Washington Jobanny Muñoz-Ascencio, Luis Alberto Marín-Marín, Fernando García-Hevia, Segress currículo de Filosofía, competencias transversales, Bachillerato Técnico en Contabilidad, pensamiento crítico, guía didáctica Philosophy curriculum, cross-curricular competences, Technical Baccalaureate in Accounting, critical thinking, teaching guide The implementation of the Philosophy curriculum in technical sixth-form education remains a persistent challenge in Latin American education systems, particularly in terms of its integration with technical and vocational profiles and the development of cross-curricular skills. The aim of the research was to design a teaching guide aimed at strengthening the Philosophy curriculum and improving cross-curricular skills among students on the Technical Baccalaureate in Accounting programme at the Palmar Educational Unit. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. The sample was non-probabilistic and purposive (n = 91): 88 first- and second-year students on the Technical Baccalaureate in Accounting programme, two Philosophy teachers and the technical area coordinator, selected from a population of 123 individuals. The techniques employed were a survey, using a questionnaire with a 15-item Likert scale distributed across six dimensions, and semi-structured interviews. The results showed favourable ratings in the dimensions of cross-curricular competences: critical thinking (x̅ = 4.01), logical reasoning (x̅ = 3.98) and ethical reflection (x̅ = 4.00). However, gaps were identified in the pedagogical integration of ICT (x̅ = 3.46) and in the contextualisation of content to the technical-accounting field (x̅ = 3.72). The triangulation of quantitative and qualitative data confirmed that the problem does not lie in pedagogical intent, but in the absence of a systematic curricular framework. It was concluded that a contextualised teaching guide, incorporating active methodologies, ICT integration and formative assessment, constitutes a relevant and viable response to the identified institutional needs. Keywords: Philosophy curriculum, cross-curricular competences, Technical Baccalaureate in Accounting, critical thinking, teaching guide. La implementación del currículo de Filosofía en el Bachillerato Técnico constituye un desafío persistente en los sistemas educativos latinoamericanos, particularmente en su articulación con los perfiles técnico-profesionales y el desarrollo de competencias transversales. El objetivo de la investigación fue diseñar una guía didáctica orientada a fortalecer el currículo de Filosofía y mejorar las competencias transversales en estudiantes del Bachillerato Técnico en Contabilidad de la Unidad Educativa Palmar. El estudio adoptó un enfoque mixto, con diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. La muestra fue no probabilística e intencional (n = 91): 88 estudiantes de primero y segundo curso del Bachillerato Técnico en Contabilidad, dos docentes de Filosofía y el coordinador del área técnica, seleccionada de una población de 123 personas. Las técnicas empleadas fueron la encuesta, mediante un cuestionario con escala Likert de 15 ítems distribuidos en seis dimensiones, y la entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados evidenciaron valoraciones favorables en las dimensiones de competencias transversales: pensamiento crítico (x̅ = 4.01), argumentación lógica (x̅ = 3.98) y reflexión ética (x̅ = 4.00). Sin embargo, se identificaron brechas en la integración pedagógica de TIC (x̅ = 3.46) y en la contextualización de contenidos al ámbito técnico-contable (x̅ = 3.72). La triangulación de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos confirmó que el problema no radica en la intención pedagógica, sino en la ausencia de un instrumento curricular sistemático. Se concluyó que una guía didáctica contextualizada, con metodologías activas, integración de TIC y evaluación formativa, constituye una respuesta pertinente y viable a las necesidades institucionales identificadas. Palabras claves: currículo de Filosofía, competencias transversales, Bachillerato Técnico en Contabilidad, pensamiento crítico, guía didáctica. ABSTRACT The implementation of the Philosophy curriculum in technical sixth-form education remains a persistent challenge in Latin American education systems, particularly in terms of its integration with technical and vocational profiles and the development of cross-curricular skills. The aim of the research was to design a teaching guide aimed at strengthening the Philosophy curriculum and improving cross-curricular skills among students on the Technical Baccalaureate in Accounting programme at the Palmar Educational Unit. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. The sample was non-probabilistic and purposive (n = 91): 88 first- and second-year students on the Technical Baccalaureate in Accounting programme, two Philosophy teachers and the technical area coordinator, selected from a population of 123 individuals. The techniques employed were a survey, using a questionnaire with a 15-item Likert scale distributed across six dimensions, and semi-structured interviews. The results showed favourable ratings in the dimensions of cross-curricular competences: critical thinking (x̅ = 4.01), logical reasoning (x̅ = 3.98) and ethical reflection (x̅ = 4.00). However, gaps were identified in the pedagogical integration of ICT (x̅ = 3.46) and in the contextualisation of content to the technical-accounting field (x̅ = 3.72). The triangulation of quantitative and qualitative data confirmed that the problem does not lie in pedagogical intent, but in the absence of a systematic curricular framework. It was concluded that a contextualised teaching guide, incorporating active methodologies, ICT integration and formative assessment, constitutes a relevant and viable response to the identified institutional needs. Keywords: Philosophy curriculum, cross-curricular competences, Technical Baccalaureate in Accounting, critical thinking, teaching guide. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de febrero de 2026.Fecha de aceptación: 06 de abril de 2026.Fecha de publicación: 11 de junio de 2026. Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigación Científica 2026-06-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1141 Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 708-743 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2026): Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS; 708-743 3028-8657 spa https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1141/1895 https://soeici.org/index.php/hexaciencias/article/view/1141/1896 Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria HEXACIENCIAS. ISSN: 3028-8657 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 9d25218638bc874732959a1a7b79396b