Integrated management of hazardous waste in dental offices in the urban area of La Maná

Abstract

This study evaluated the management of biomedical waste in urban dental clinics in La Maná canton, Cotopaxi province, during 2023. It employed direct observation, semi-structured interviews, and closed questionnaires with 48 participants. Statistical analysis using the Chi-square test (p ≤0.05) was conducted, and waste characterization was performed over a 15-day period. Conesa evaluation criteria were applied, and legal compliance was verified, structuring a sustainable management plan with five sub-plans. Results indicate that 50% of clinics engage authorized waste handlers, and 91.67% lack awareness of environmental legislation. There was no significant relationship between accidents and working hours. Más Sonrisas dental clinic was the largest waste generator with moderate impacts (43%) and legal compliance (33%). It is concluded that the proposed plan will mitigate environmental impacts and ensure regulatory compliance in dental practices.