Role of integrating innovative technologies in integral risk management of the el niño phenomenon

Abstract

Natural risks, which can be atmospheric, geological or hydrological, affect different scales and cause intense rains, floods, landslides, damage to crops and infrastructure, and health problems. This research aims to evaluate the use of innovative technologies to improve early detection, emergency response and mitigation of risks associated with the El Niño phenomenon. To do this, methodologies were used such as the bibliographic review of books and scientific articles, the analysis and synthesis of technologies relevant to these phenomena in Ecuador, and the comparative method to evaluate the impact of technologies in Comprehensive Disaster Management (GID). Two main technologies were analyzed: the river water level monitoring system using radar and the flood monitoring system with drones. The research concludes that both systems offer important advantages. Radars provide real-time data on water levels, facilitating early detection, while drones allow for detailed inspection of affected areas. The combination of these systems significantly improves flood monitoring, response and planning, as long as their proper integration and adaptation to local conditions is ensured.