Nutritional, anthropometric, biochemical, immunological and hematological characterization of the child population of the parish Manuel Inocencio Parrales y Guale

Abstract

Nutrition is a fundamental pillar of child development, providing essential nutrients for physical growth, immune system strengthening, and cognitive development. The objective of this study was to characterize the anthropometric, biochemical, immunological, and hematological nutritional status of children in the Manuel Inocencio Parrales y Guale parish. A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 20 children under 5 years of age. Among the results, all participants came from urban areas; 55% (n=11) were female and 45% (n=9) were male. Most families were classified as "not at risk." Nutritional knowledge revealed that all participants maintained a diet based on fruits and vegetables. Regarding the frequency of food consumption, 95% (n=95) and 85% (n=17) consumed foods weekly, including fruits, vegetables, chicken, white bread, and fresh cheese. According to the Body Mass Index, approximately 85% (n=17) maintained a normal weight; however, 10% (n=2) were in the wasted category and 5% (n=1) were obese. According to laboratory parameters, 70% (n=14) of the population had anemia, 40% (n=8) eosinophilia, 30% (n=6) neutropenia, 15% (n=3) presented low serum iron levels, 5% (n=1) of children had hypercholesterolemia, and 5% (n=1) had hypertriglyceridemia. It was concluded that it is necessary to implement preventive strategies to promote the overall well-being of families.