Evaluation of the blood count as an indicator of anemia and neonatal infections at the Jipijapa Basic Hospital in the period 2022 to 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62305/biosana.v6i2.1003Keywords:
hematology; hemoglobin; blood count; neonatology; viremiaAbstract
The complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most frequently used hematological tests in clinical practice, as it allows for a comprehensive evaluation of red and white blood cell counts, providing early indications of anemia and infectious processes. In the neonatal period, these conditions represent a significant risk to health and development, making their timely detection essential. The main objective was to analyze the CBC's role as an indicator of neonatal anemia and infections at the Jipijapa Basic Hospital. The study employed a non-experimental, retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional design. A simple random sampling method was used, with a population of 676 neonates and a sample of 150, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results revealed that, in the red blood cell count, 83.3% presented with elevated hematocrit and 10% with low hemoglobin, while in the white blood cell count, 14.7% presented with leukocytosis and 6% with leukopenia. Anemia was identified in 10% of the newborns, and infections in 10.6%, with viral infections (7.3%) being more frequent than bacterial infections (3.3%). No significant association was found between anemia and infection. In conclusion, the complete blood count (CBC) is confirmed as an accessible and effective tool for characterizing the neonatal hematological status, detecting anemia early, and identifying abnormalities suggestive of infection.
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