Cervicovaginal lesions detected by liquid-based cytology in women treated at Vicente Corral Moscoso hospital. Cuenca 2023-2024

Abstract

Cervicovaginal lesions and cervical cancer represent a public health problem, especially in developing countries. In Ecuador, cervical cancer is the second leading cause of gynecological mortality. A study conducted in Cuenca in 2018 reported a detection rate of 64.4%, exceeding the national average of 58.8%, highlighting the need for updated research using liquid-based cytology, Papanicolaou staining, and cellular analysis to identify changes associated with cancerous processes. This study aimed to determine the frequency of cervicovaginal lesions detected by liquid-based cytology in women treated at “Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital”. Cuenca 2023–2024. A descriptive cross-sectional cohort design was used. Data tabulation and analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and IBM SPSS Statistics version 21, applying purposive sampling that included all data collection forms. The variables considered were cervicovaginal lesions detected by liquid-based cytology, age, residence, and number of pregnancies. The results showed that the frequency of cervicovaginal lesions was 9.10% of cases. The most frequent lesion was LSIL (37.2%), occurring predominantly in women aged 31–40 years, from rural areas (69.52%), and in those with a history of one pregnancy.