Musculoskeletal disorders related to ergonomics in technical assistants reading meters of a water company

Abstract

Musculoskeletal disorders were investigated in meter reading technicians, an activity characterized by high physical demands and exposure to ergonomic factors. The objective was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms, their relationship with ergonomic conditions, and the level of functional disability in the upper extremities. The study employed a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a descriptive and correlational scope. The population consisted of 45 workers, selected through census sampling. The Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to identify musculoskeletal symptoms, and the QuickDASH was used to assess upper limb functional disability. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, employing the Chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed a higher prevalence of symptoms in the lumbar region (60.0%), followed by the knees (44.4%) and shoulders (40.0%). 53.3% of the workers reported pain in the last seven days. High exposure to ergonomic factors was identified, primarily prolonged walking (80.0%) and trunk bending (71.1%). A significant association was found between awkward postures and lower back pain (p = 0.018). 66.7% presented mild to moderate functional disability according to QuickDASH. It is concluded that there is a relationship between ergonomic factors and musculoskeletal disorders, with a functional impact on the upper extremities. Preventive measures aimed at improving working conditions and reducing physical workload are required.