Apolipoprotein B and LDL-cholesterol levels in the adult population
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62305/biosana.v6i4.1177Keywords:
Apolipoprotein B; LDL cholesterol; atherosclerosisAbstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Their epidemiology is influenced by cardiovascular risk factors, including modifiable and non-modifiable factors. In addition to these factors, apolipoprotein B (apoB) and LDL-c are also important determinants of cardiovascular risk, given that LDL-c transports plasma cholesterol only in particles containing an apoB molecule. This study aimed to analyze whether apolipoprotein B and LDL-cholesterol concentrations are associated with cardiovascular risk factors in an adult population. This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 40 individuals aged between 30 and 65 years. The Framingham Risk Score was used to collect cardiovascular risk data, and enzymatic and immunoturbidimetric methods were used for the biochemical analysis of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL-c, and apolipoprotein B. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis H test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Forty adults were evaluated, of whom 57.5% were women and 42.5% were men. The most prevalent risk factors observed were hypertension (50% of participants), overweight (47.5%), obesity (35%), diabetes (15%), and smoking (7.5%). The overall LDL-c level was 117.94 mg/dL and the apoB level was 105.60 mg/dL. Regarding risk stratification, 85% were classified as having low cardiovascular risk and 15% as having moderate cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, it was observed that there is a higher level of apoB and LDL-c concentrations in men than in women.
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