Bacilloscopies for the diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in patients treated at the Loreto Clinical Laboratory, 2022

Abstract

Bacilloscopy is a technique used for the diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, allowing the detection of the presence of bacilli in sputum samples, which facilitates early identification of the disease. The objective of this study is to evaluate bacilloscopies for the diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in patients treated in the Clinical Laboratory of the Loreto Health Center. 2022. The methodology used was a quantitative, descriptive and transversal approach. The results revealed that samples with a mucopurulent appearance had a higher frequency of pulmonary tuberculosis, with 5.56%, compared to saliva samples, which had a frequency of 0.97%. These findings suggest that the macroscopic appearance of the samples may be a useful indicator for the diagnosis of the disease. Furthermore, it was found that, of the 554 cases of respiratory symptomatic patients analyzed, only 8 were positive for pulmonary tuberculosis by smear microscopy. This indicates that the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis during the 2022 period in the Clinical Laboratory of the Loreto Health Center was 1.4%. In conclusion, smear microscopy was shown to be an effective tool for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in this study. However, it is important to consider other clinical factors; These findings may contribute to improving the early detection and management of pulmonary tuberculosis at the Loreto Health Center.