Global impact of infectious diseases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62305/biosana.v4i4.245Keywords:
bacteria; diagnosis; infections; prevalence; virusesAbstract
The global impacts of infectious diseases are profound and range from high mortality and morbidity rates, especially in low- and middle-income countries, to enormous economic costs in lost productivity and healthcare expenditures, and they represent a serious threat to global health security as they can rapidly become pandemics that transcend borders. The aim of the study was to analyze the global impact of infectious diseases. A documentary narrative methodology, descriptive type, was applied, with which bibliographic searches were carried out in English and Spanish. The results obtained demonstrate that the prevalence rate varies significantly between different diseases and regions, highlighting that SARS-CoV-2 ranges from 35% in Belgium to 73% in Vietnam. The RT-PCR test appears as the most common diagnostic method in several studies, in addition to these, other techniques such as antibody tests (IgG, IgM), antigen detection (NS1), and next-generation sequencing are mentioned. Prevention measures range from personal hygiene practices (handwashing, use of masks) to medical interventions (vaccination, antimicrobial prophylaxis). It was concluded that the studies showed a significant variation in the prevalence of different infectious diseases worldwide. The diversity of diagnostic techniques includes everything from RT-PCR to serological tests and genomic sequencing. The prevention measures described cover both individual interventions and public health strategies.
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