Dyslipidemias and cardiovascular risk in patients aged 30 to 50 years from the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute of Jipijapa

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), characterized by an elevation of serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or triglycerides (TG) and a reduced concentration of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The objective of this research work was to identify dyslipidemias and cardiovascular risk in patients between 30 and 50 years old who attend the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute of Jipijapa. The research design was descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional, taking the quantitative type or approach as the basis of the study. The population was made up of patients between 30 and 50 years old treated at the IESS Jipijapa in the period July-December 2023. The results determined that the total number of patients treated was 3,890. However, in the age range of patients from 30 to 50 years old who have had laboratory tests for total cholesterol, HDL and LDL, a total of 1,072 people were found, distributed among 329 men and 743 women. It is also evident that the highest cardiovascular risk is found in women with 53% of patients meeting the waist circumference profile > 88 cm. Regarding high cholesterol, 49% in males and 18% in females. In conclusion, the levels of cardiovascular risk and dyslipidemia are related to smoking habit, total cholesterol value, age, sex and anthropometric data.