Arterial hypertension and COVID-19 in adult patients cared for at the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security of Jipijapa period 2021 to 2023

Abstract

High blood pressure affects a third of adults worldwide, which, together with the COVID-19 pandemic, caused a high mortality rate in the general population. Therefore, the main objective of the research was to relate high blood pressure and COVID-19 in adult patients treated at the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute of Jipijapa. A study was carried out with a non-experimental, transversal-analytical, retrospective design, where the principles of bioethics in human beings were respected. The main results were: prevalence of arterial hypertension in patients with COVID-19 disease of 95%; risk factors, mainly smoking 37.8%, sedentary lifestyle 33.1% and alcoholism 29.1%; comorbidities, highlighting obesity 26.4%, respiratory diseases 25.7% and cardiovascular diseases 23.6%; Regarding mortality, it reflects 3.4%. Statistically, the association between high blood pressure and COVID-19 showed that there is no significant association. Finally, it was concluded that, although theoretically, the relationship between high blood pressure and COVID-19 is close and complex, the results of this research showed that, despite the high prevalence of high blood pressure, there was no significant association between have hypertension and be positive for coronavirus.