Chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults over 60 years of age

Abstract

Anemia is a common but underestimated complication with worrying implications for morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients with renal failure. The objective of the study was to demonstrate anemia as a factor of severity due to diabetes mellitus in patients with renal failure treated at the Jipijapa Social Security Institute. The methodology used was a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study, with a quantitative, non-experimental approach involving 262 patients with renal failure. The results revealed a high frequency of hyperglycemia (81.3%) and diabetes confirmed by HbA1c >7% (55.7%), most cases were observed in the male population 64.4% and in women 50.6%. It was found that 97.7% of the patients with renal insufficiency had anemia, distributed in mild 56.25%, moderate 33.20% and severe 10.55%, of the 146 patients with diabetes, 99% had anemia, with the mild form predominating 47%, followed by moderate 39% and severe 14%. Statistical analysis using Chi-square demonstrated a significant association of 0.045* between male sex and moderate anemia in diabetic patients with renal impairment, no significant associations were found between sex and mild or severe anemia.  It was concluded that there were patterns of high frequency of anemia in diabetic patients with renal failure that differed in severity according to sex, which makes implementing timely detection and treatment protocols essential, especially in diabetic men with a greater predisposition to develop moderate anemia.