Prevalence of dengue virus and demographic characteristics in patients attending the Tecno-Lab Jipijapa Clinical Laboratory

Abstract

Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, with its prevalence influenced by environmental and demographic factors. The objective of this research was to evaluate the prevalence of the dengue virus and its demographic characteristics in patients from the Tecno-Lab Clinical Laboratory in Jipijapa between January 2021 and May 2024. A descriptive, observational, and retrospective design was employed, using a sample of 300 patients aged 18 to 50 years. The findings indicated that prevalence peaked in 2022 (74.0%) and showed a decreasing trend in subsequent years. Among demographic characteristics, the 18-26 age group had the highest proportion of positive cases (34.6%), and the majority of patients were from rural areas (86.3%). However, no statistically significant association was found between infection and sex, age, or place of origin (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the prevalence of dengue among the patients varied over time without statistically significant changes. Statistical analyses did not demonstrate any association between dengue infection and the demographic characteristics studied. This may suggest that the distribution of dengue cases in the study group was influenced by other unexamined factors.