Relevancia del gen MACC1 como biomarcador pronóstico en la progresión metastásica del cáncer colorrectal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62305/biosana.v6i1.913Palabras clave:
MACC1; Cáncer colorrectal; Metástasis; Biomarcadores; Pronóstico, biomarcadores; carcinoma hepatocelular; diagnóstico tempranoResumen
El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) constituye una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial, y la progresión metastásica continúa siendo uno de los factores que tiene un gran impacto negativo sobre el pronóstico. En este contexto, el gen Metastasis Associated in Colon Cancer 1 (MACC1) ha surgido como un posible biomarcador de interés debido a su interacción en la activación del eje HGF/MET y de vías de señalización involucradas en proliferación, invasión y diseminación tumoral. Las limitaciones en los marcadores convencionales impulsan la evaluación del potencial clínico de MACC1 como herramienta complementaria para estratificar riesgo metastásico. El estudio a profundidad de este gen permite señalar que su sobreexpresión se asocia con menor supervivencia global, mayor tasa de recurrencia y un fenotipo tumoral más agresivo. Asimismo, se explora su valor pronóstico en etapas tempranas de la enfermedad, permitiendo identificar pacientes con alta probabilidad de metástasis incluso antes de manifestaciones clínicas evidentes. No obstante, persisten desafíos relacionados con la estandarización de métodos de cuantificación, la variabilidad entre plataformas analíticas y su aplicabilidad en diferentes contextos sanitarios. Los resultados revisados muestran que MACC1 representa un biomarcador prometedor para mejorar la precisión pronóstica en CCR, reforzando la necesidad de integrar su evaluación en futuras líneas diagnósticas y de investigación clínica para optimizar la identificación y manejo de pacientes con mayor riesgo metastásico.
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