Virtual education in Ecuadorian universities: challenges, advantages and disadvantages

Abstract

This article presents research on online education in Ecuadorian universities, emphasizing the main challenges, advantages, and disadvantages that have arisen from the incorporation of digital technologies into teaching and learning processes within higher education. The objective was to analyze the impact of online education in the Ecuadorian university context, considering the opportunities offered by this mode of study, as well as the structural, technological, and pedagogical limitations that condition its development. The methodology employed was a qualitative approach, based on a documentary literature review, which analyzed scientific articles, theses, academic documents, and research related to online education and digital transformation in the country's universities. Among the main findings, it was evident that online education constitutes a flexible and inclusive alternative that promotes access to learning, time optimization, and the strengthening of digital skills. However, problems related to connectivity, limited technological infrastructure and the digital divide, as well as insufficient interaction and difficulties in adaptation on the part of both teachers and students, were also identified. It is concluded that virtual education represents an educational model with broad potential to strengthen higher education in Ecuador, although its consolidation requires institutional policies aimed at technological strengthening, teaching capacity and the reduction of digital inequalities, with the firm purpose of guaranteeing the best quality, inclusive and sustainable educational processes.