Perception and valuation of ecosystem services of the main urban trees in the city of Loja

Abstract

This study assessed the perception and valuation of ecosystem services provided by urban trees and green spaces in the city of Loja, with the aim of generating scientific information to contribute to urban environmental management. A mixed-methods approach was used, descriptive, non-experimental, and cross-sectional, based on semi-structured interviews with 85 residents from the northern and southern sectors of the city, complemented by the analysis of secondary information on environmental quality. The results showed a high level of social recognition of the benefits of urban trees, especially in microclimate regulation, shade provision, air quality improvement, and landscape value. However, the regulation and ecological support services were undervalued compared to the provisioning and cultural services, reflecting a predominantly utilitarian perception. Furthermore, the management of green spaces was mostly rated as “fair,” and low citizen participation in conservation programs was identified, revealing institutional and environmental governance weaknesses. It is concluded that, although there is a positive assessment of urban trees, it is necessary to strengthen environmental education and social participation to consolidate sustainable management of green infrastructure and improve the quality of urban life in Loja.