Prevalence, complications and diagnostic tests for sensitivity and specificity of the TORCH profile in pregnant women and newborns
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62305/biosana.v4i4.209Keywords:
Congenital detectors; diagnostic effectiveness; serological tests; variability.Abstract
Congenital anomalies occur during intrauterine life and can be detected during pregnancy, childbirth, or later. The prenatal diagnosis of these anomalies seeks to provide adequate advice for prenatal control. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence, complications and diagnostic tests by sensitivity and specificity of the TORCH profile in pregnant women and newborns, based on a narrative documentary design of a descriptive type. The results showed that Cytomegalovirus had the highest prevalence (54.50%), that molecular tests have the highest sensitivity and specificity (95% and 100%), followed by rapid tests (94.6% and 96.1%), and that immunoassay tests showed the lowest sensitivity and specificity (83.3% and 94.6%), which could affect the accuracy of diagnosis and clinical decision-making, In addition, among the complications observed in newborns, hearing loss and neurological disorders stood out, and during the gestation period, spontaneous abortions, fetal losses and premature births prevailed. It was concluded that the prevalence of these infections varies by geographic region, and complications depend on the time of pregnancy when the infection occurs and the pathogen responsible. Molecular tests proved to be the most reliable, ensuring accurate identification of patients. Rapid tests are also quite accurate and suitable for initial detection. In contrast, immunoassay tests are less reliable due to their increased risk of producing false negatives and positives, which can compromise diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making.
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