Advances in techniques for the diagnosis of malaria caused by Plasmodium spp
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62305/biosana.v4i5.324Keywords:
Plasmodium spp; malaria; PCR; LAMP; rapid diagnostic testsAbstract
This bibliographic review article analyzes advancements in malaria diagnosis, focusing on recent methods applied in endemic regions to detect species of the genus Plasmodium spp. Among the most notable innovations is droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), which enables precise quantification of Plasmodium DNA compared to real-time PCR, although with some limitations in specificity. Additionally, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has proven useful for the rapid diagnosis of P. vivax and P. ovale, while serological approaches like PvSeroTAT are being implemented in Brazil to identify and treat asymptomatic infections, thus reducing transmission. Real-time PCR and techniques such as hexaplex PCR-HRM have improved the ability to differentiate species and detect submicroscopic infections. These advancements represent significant steps toward more accurate and faster diagnostics, essential for malaria elimination.
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