Biodiversity of microorganisms in contaminated soils in the Joa commune

Abstract

The research addresses the issue of soil pollution, with a specific focus on the community of Joa, belonging to the Jipijapa canton in Manabí, where agricultural activity has raised concerns due to the indiscriminate use of chemical products. The overall objective of the research is to analyze the microbial biodiversity in contaminated soils in the Joa Commune. To achieve this, the creation of a georeferenced map that identifies contaminated areas and the identification of microbial diversity in those soils are proposed. The hypothesis asserts that soil quality can be determined by the biodiversity of microorganisms in contaminated soils. The adopted methodology has a qualitative approach. The procedure includes the creation of a map highlighting areas with high levels of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, and boron. The results show a georeferenced map identifying contaminated areas and microbial diversity in the soils. Bacteria such as Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, as well as Bacillus bacteria and Aspergillus fungi, are identified. In conclusion, the research provides a comprehensive approach to understanding and addressing soil pollution in the Joa Commune, emphasizing the importance of microbial biodiversity in mitigating negative environmental impacts generated by agricultural activity.